Riches and Poverty (1910)

by L. G. Chiozza Money

INDEX

• Abatements, Income Tax, [36], [297]
• Accidents, Industrial: Engineering Works, [137]
  • Factories and Workshops, [127], [128]
  • Mines, [133]
  • Railways, [136]
  • Ships, [137]
  • Total, all Trades, [138]
• Advertising, [253]
• Afforestation, [248]
• Aged Poor, [272]
• Agricultural Labourers' Wages, [109], [155]
• Agricultural Land, Value of, [62], [68]
• Agriculture, as Field for Employment, [240]
• Anderson, Miss A. M., on Maternity Funds, [180]
• Andrew, George, Report on German Schools, [192]
• Anthrax, [130]
• Area, Control of, [242]
• Area, Distinguishing Attribute of Land, [81]
• Area of United Kingdom, [81]
• Army Material, Value of, [66]
• Ashby, Dr Hy., on Poor Mothers, [174]
• Asquith, H. H., Death Duties, [321]
  • Differentiates Income Tax, [303]
  • Old Age Pensions Act, [284]
• Average Wage, [29]

• Back-to-Back Houses, [214]
• "Back to the Land," [242]
• Bateman, John, on Landowners, [82]
• Bathing in Schools, [193]
• Baxter, Dudley, on Conditions of Labour in 1868, [333]
  • On Income Tax Evasion, [13]
  • On Loss of Wages, [26]
  • On National Income in 1867, [330]
• Beaulieu, M. Leroy, on Eliminating Middlemen, [254]
• Beer Consumption, [332]
• Belgian State Railways, Success of, [265]
• Bentham, Jeremy, Suggested Exemption of Small Incomes from Taxation, [317]
• Births, in United Kingdom, [173]
• Board of Trade, Estimate of Wages, [30]
  • Wage Census, [21]
• Boot Trade, [147], [156]
• Bournville Garden City, [223]
• Bowley, A. L., Estimate of Wages, [30]
  • On Loss of Wages, [26]
  • On Wages in 1867, [330]
• Boy Labour in Mines, [136]
• Bradford School Children, Condition of, [194]
• Bread, Fall in Price of, [332]
• Bricklayers' Wages, [108]
• British Association, Committee on Small Incomes, [21]
• British Government, Poverty of, [326]
• Budget, Is an Annual Debate Necessary?, [315]
  • Tradition of Secrecy Unnecessary, [315]
• Building Societies' Funds, [56]
• Burns, John, Housing Act, [221]

• Campbell-Bannerman, Sir H., on Poverty, [5]
• Canals, Value of, [64]
• Capital, In Few Hands, [79]
  • In Relation to Housing, [229]
  • Of United Kingdom, [62]
  • Of Working Classes, [57], [80]
  • Waste of, [158]
• Capitalization of Usury, [101]
• Carpenters' Wages, [108]
• Casual Workers, Earnings, [27]
• Census, Inadequacy of, [123]
  • Of Incomes, Importance of, [308], [312], [315]
  • Of Wages, [21]
• Charity Organization Society, Thought Old Age Pensions Too Costly, [283]
• Children, National Responsibility for, [173]
  • Should be the Chief Care of the Reformer, [173]
  • Underfed, [196]
• Clerks, [18]
  • Number of, [253]
• Coal Distribution, should be Municipal, [269]
  • Miners, Number of, [268]
  • Production, [267]
• Collectivism, Assisted by Joint-Stock Principle, [344]
  • By Economizing Labour Creates Individual Freedom, [345]
  • Necessity of, [343]
  • And Revenue, [326]
• Combination Accentuating Error of Distribution, [269]
• "Comfortable" Persons, Number of, [48]
• Commercial Travellers, [19]
  • Number of, [252]
• Commons, Value of, [66]
• Company Promotion, [166]
• Competition Disappearing, [269]
  • Waste through, [255]
• Compositors' Wages, [109]
• Consumption of Food, Growth of, [332]
• Continuation Schools Advocated, [204]
• Co-operative Societies' Funds, [56]
• Cost of Living, [115]
• Cotton Trade, [143]
• Criminals, Decline of, [332]
• Crowley, Dr R. H., on Bradford School Children, [193]
• Cunningham, Professor D. J., on Physical Deterioration, [173]
• Customs Duties, [3]

• Death Duties: And Length of Life, [73]
  • Assessments, Stationariness of, [76]
  • Avoidance of, [53], [54], [77]
  • Described, [320]
  • Do they Waste Capital?, [323]
  • Still Low, [323]
• Death-rate, Fall of, [332]
• Deaths from Mining Accidents, [132]
• Deaths in United Kingdom, [54]
• Declaring Incomes, Importance of, [308]
• Differentiation of Income Tax, [303]
• Diseases of Occupations, [129]
• Distribution, Combination in, [256]
  • Of Capital, [79]
  • Of Income, [32], [47], [48]
  • Of Land, [82], [83]
  • Of Wealth in Practice Illustrated, [94]
• Doctor, in the School, [193]
• Dressmaking, [151]
• Dundee, Physical Deterioration, [139]

• Education, [181], [190]
  • Children should be Trained in Expression, [201]
  • Continuation Schools Necessary, [204]
  • Importance of Training in Observation, [199]
  • Science Teaching, [202]
• Education (Provision of Meals) Act, [198]
• Eichholz, Dr A., on Poor Children, [174]
• Electricity Should be Publicly Controlled, [257]
• Employers Compelled to Disclose Employees' Incomes, [311]
• Engineers, Unemployment amongst, [28]
  • Wages, [109]
• Estate Duties. See Death Duties
• Estates, 1904-1908, [52]
  • Classified by Nature, [78]
  • Classified by Size, [52], [74]
  • Passing Per Annum, [52], [55]
  • Of Rich and Poor, [51]
• Expectation of Life, [211]
• Expenditure Directs Labour, [141]

• Factories, Accidents in, [127]
• Factory and Workshop Act, [125]
  • And Maternity, [178]
• Factory Inspection, [126]
• Farmers' Capital, [63], [69]
  • Profits, [19]
• Finance Act, 1907, [14], [302]
• Fiscal Policy, [3]
• Food, Consumption, Growth of, [332]
  • Duties for Revenue, [289]
  • Expenditure on, [154]
  • Price of, [115]
• Foreign Competition and Education, [202], [204]
• Foreign Investments, [14]
• Fox, Arthur Wilson, on Agricultural Wages, [155]
• Friendly Societies' Funds, [56]
• Furniture, Value of, [64], [70]

• Gas Companies' Profits, [105]
• Gas Works, Value of, [64]
• Genius not a Class Possession, [191]
• George, Henry, on Necessary Monopolies, [255]
• Germany, Large Revenue from Socialism, [328]
• Giffen, Sir Robert, Estimate of Aggregate Wages, 1886, [25]
  • On Wages, [22]
  • On Waste of Capital, [341]
• Government by the Rich, [270]
• Growth of National Income, [17]

• Hackney, Unemployed in, [119]
• Harcourt, Sir Wm., Death Duties, [321]
• Horsfall, T. C., on Town Planning, [221]
• Houses, Clue to Income Tax Payers, [42]
  • In Great Britain, [40], [43]
  • Value of, [62], [68]
• Housing, [88], [209]
  • Loans Proposed, [231]
• Hunter, Robert, on American Poverty, [5]
• Hygiene Should be Taught in Schools, [181]

• Income, Average in 1908, [32]
• Income Tax, Abatements, [36], [297]
  • As it is, Illustrated, [307]
  • Assessments, [12], [33]
  • Assessments, 1893-1908, [10]
  • Chapter on, [291]
  • Differentiation, [14], [303]
  • Evasion, [13]
  • Graduation Advocated, [312]
  • History of, [291]
  • Origin of Schedules, [292]
  • Payers, Growth of, [37], [112]
  • Payers Measured by House Rent, [42]
  • Payers, Number of, [44]
  • Payers over £700, [44]
  • Provisions Summarized, [306]
  • Reaches Unearned Increment, [296]
  • Reforms Advocated, [308]
  • Schedule A Described, [298]
  • Schedule B Described, [299]
  • Schedule C Described, [300]
  • Schedule D Described, [300]
  • Schedule E Described, [302]
  • Successor of "Land Tax," [291]
• Incomes, between £160 and £700, [39]
  • Of Lower Middle Classes, [20]
  • Of Middle Classes, [36]
  • Revealed by Employers, [311]
• Individual Freedom through Collectivism, [345]
• Industrial Accidents, [125]
• Infant Mortality, [177]
• Inhabited House Duty, [40], [89]
  • Described, [302]
• Inter Vivos Avoidance of Death Duties, [77]
• Interest and Distribution, [93]
• Invalidity Insurance, [286]
• Inventions, Foreign Progress, [202]
• Iron Works, Value of, [64]
• Ironfounders' Wages, [109]

• Jews and Maternity, [185]

• Labour Exchanges, [124]
• Labour Party and Unemployment, [124]
• Land, and Town Planning, [218]
  • Nationalization, [242]
  • Of United Kingdom, [81]
  • Recovery in Agricultural Values, [246]
• Land-Tax, was an Income Tax, [292]
• Land Values, [86]
• Landowners, [82], [83]
• Lead Poisoning, [130]
• Legal Profession, Persons Employed, [254]
• Levi, Leone, on Manual Labourers' Earnings in 1866, [330]
  • On Unemployment, [25]
• Living, Cost of, [115]
• Lloyd George, D., Death Duties, [321]
  • Grants Special Abatement in Respect of Children, [314]
  • Income Tax Reforms, [303]
• Local Loans, [62], [67]
• London, Area of, [92]
• Lower Middle Classes, Incomes of, [17]
• Luxuries, Expenditure on, [160]

• McCleary, Dr G. F., on Milk Supply, [260]
• Mackenzie, Dr Leslie, on Milk Supply, [260]
• Malins, Dr E., on Poor Children, [174]
• Manual Workers, Number of, [21]
• Marshall, Professor A., on Waste, [158]
• Maternity amongst Poor, [178]
• Maternity Fund, Suggestion for a National, [184], [185]
• Medical Officers of Health, [183]
• Middle Classes, Small Incomes of, [36]
• Middlemen, Waste through, [253]
• Milk Distribution, Waste in, [259]
• Milk Supply, Should be Publicly Owned, [261]
• Mill, John Stuart, on Principle of Graduation, [317]
• Miners' Wages, [108]
• Mines, Value of, [64]
• Mining, Accidents, [130]
  • Employment, [268]
  • Royalties, [85]
• Misdirection of Labour, [150]
• Monopoly, Economy of, [256]
• Monopoly of Capital, [72]
• Monopoly of Wealth a Danger to the State, [141], [158], [324]
• Multiple Shops, [19], [254]
• Municipal Trading, Case for, [264]
  • Success of, [262]

• National Capital, [61]
• National Debt, [62], [63], [67]
• National Dividend, how Distributed, [47], [48]
• National Housing Loans Proposed, [231]
• National Income, Growth of, [50]
  • How Distributed, [47], [48]
  • In 1908, [31]
  • What it is, [8]
• National Medical Service, [183]
• National Property, [62], [65]
• Nationalization of Land, [219], [242]
• Navy, Value of, [66]
• Notification of Births, [184]

• Occupations Influenced by Wealth Distribution, [141]
• Old Age Pensioners, Number of, [285]
• Old Age Pensions, [272]
  • Cost of Not "Expenditure," [286]
• Old Age Pensions Act, [284]
• Organization of Industry, [124], [250]
• Overcrowding, [212]
• Oversea Investments, [14], [65], [160]

• Paupers, Day Counts of, [274]
  • Decline of, [332]
  • Relieved in a Year, [275], [276]
• Physical Deterioration, [139]
• Physical Training, [192]
• Poor, Property of, [57]
• Population, Growth of, [332]
• Poverty, Campbell-Bannerman quoted, [5]
  • In Old Age, [272]
  • Line, [153]
  • Measured, [49], [50]
  • Now Unnecessary, [347]
  • Of British Government, [340]
  • Shortens Life, [211]
• Power Supply, Should be National, [256]
• Prices, Fall of, [332]
  • Index Number, [332]
• Production, Combination in, [256]
• Production and Waste, [251]
• Profits Examined, [94]
  • Growth of, [111], [112]
• Progress since 1867, [332]
• Prosperity and Fiscal Policy, [3]
• Prussian State Railways, [329]
• Public Ownership, the only Path to Equitable Distribution, [262]
• Public Works and Unemployment, [124]

• Railway Capital, Watering of, [102]
  • Fares under Nationalization, [266]
  • Servants, Accidents, [136]
• Railways, Value of, [63]
• Rates, in Nature of Rent-charge, [90]
• Rent, and Profit, [97]
  • Estimate of Aggregate, [84], [85], [86]
  • Why Small Relatively to Profits, [86]
• Revenue without Taxation, [326]
• Rich, Estates of, [58]
  • Number of, [48], [50]
• Right to Work Bill, [123]
• Roads, Value of, [66]
• Rowntree, Poverty Line, [153]
• Rural Depopulation, [234]
• Ruskin, John, His modern version of the Beatitudes, [339]

• Savings, [55], [56], [80]
  • Growth of, [332]
• Savings Banks' Funds, [56]
• Science, Important to Teach, [202]
• Seamen, Accidents, [137]
• Segregation of Unfit, [187]
• Shop Assistants, [18]
• Shopkeepers, [18], [254]
• Site Value, [87]
• Smith, Adam, on Taxation, [287]
• Socialism, Reduces Taxation, [328]
• Super-Tax, [305]

• Taft, President, on Inheritance Duties, [324]
• Taxation and Distribution, [289]
  • Direct, Advocated, [318]
  • Doctrine of Ability, [288]
  • Indirect, Deprecated, [317]
  • Not the Only Means of Revenue, [326]
  • Should be Simplified, [318]
• Teachers, [18]
• Thrift Institutions, [56]
• Town Planning, [217], [221]
• Trade Capital, Value of, [63], [69]
• Trade Unions, Expenditure on Unemployment, [121]
  • Funds, [56]
  • Superannuation, [280]
  • Unemployment, [116]
• Tradesmen, [254]
• Transport should be a National Function, [256]
• Trust Rule, [269]

• Unemployed, Probable Number of, [122]
• Unemployment, [28], [107]
  • Amongst Trade Unionists, [116]
  • Cost of, [121]
  • During [40] Years, [337]
  • In America, [5]
  • In Middle Classes, [122]
  • Insurance, [123]
  • Only to be Remedied by Public Ownership, [270]
  • "Remedies" for, [123], [124]
• Unfit, Segregation of, [187]
• United Kingdom, Area, [81]
• United States, Industrial Fatalities, [6]
  • Poverty of, [5]
• Usury, [101]

• Wage Census, [21]
• Wage Earners, Number of, [21]
• Wage, Average, [29], [331]
  • Growth of, [332]
• Wages, [115]
  • Aggregate in 1908, [29]
  • Average in 1908, [27]
  • In 1886, [23]
  • Movement of, [27], [108], [111], [112]
  • Not Raised by High Profits, [101]
  • Stationariness of, [50]
• Waste of Labour, [251]
• Waterworks, Value of, [64]
• Wheat, Imports of, [245]
• Wheat Prices, [247]
• Whitehaven Colliery Explosion, [131]
• Woollen Trade, [145]
• Women Health Inspectors, [182]
• Women Workers in America, [6]
• Workhouse Inmates Classified, [281]
• Working Class "Capital," [80]
• Working Classes, Material Progress of, [330]