HELMINTHS WHOSE EGGS HAVE BEEN CARRIED BY COCKROACHES

The use of the asterisk (*) is explained in footnote [3], page [4].

Phylum PLATYHELMINTHES

Class TREMATODA

Order DIGENEA

Family SCHISTOSOMATIDAE

* Schistosoma haematobium (Bilharz, 1852) Weinland, 1858

Experimental vector.Periplaneta americana, Gold Coast Colony (Macfie, 1922).

Class CESTODA

Order TAENIOIDEA

Family HYMENOLEPIDIDAE

* Hymenolepis sp.

Natural vectors.Periplaneta americana, Formosa (Morischita and Tsuchimochi, 1926).

Polyphaga saussurei, Tadzhikistan (Zmeev, 1936).

Family TAENIIDAE

* Taenia saginata Goeze, 1782

Experimental vector.Periplaneta americana, Gold Coast Colony (Macfie, 1922).

Echinococcus granulosis (Batsch, 1786) Rudolphi, 1805

Synonymy.Taenia echinococcus (Zeder, 1803) [Faust, 1939].

Experimental vector.Periplaneta americana, Uruguay (Pérez Fontana, 1955): Eggs were recovered from the feces of artificially infested cockroaches under "natural" conditions.

Family Unknown

* Undetermined tapeworm ova

Natural vector.Polyphaga saussurei, Tadzhikistan (Zmeev, 1936).

Phylum ASCHELMINTHES

Class NEMATODA

Order OXYUROIDEA

Family OXYURIDAE

* Enterobius vermicularis (Linnaeus, 1758) Leach in Baird, 1853

Natural vectors.Blatta orientalis and Blattella germanica, U.S.S.R. (Sondak, 1935).

Order ASCAROIDEA

Family ASCARIDAE

* Ascaris lumbricoides Linnaeus, 1758

Natural vector.Periplaneta americana, South Africa (Porter, 1930): The eggs may have been those of A. suum Goeze, 1782.

Experimental vectors.Periplaneta americana, Gold Coast Colony (Macfie, 1922); India (Chandler, 1926).

Periplaneta americana, Periplaneta australasiae, Neostylopyga rhombifolia, Formosa (Morischita and Tsuchimochi, 1926).

* Ascaris sp.

Natural vector.Blatta orientalis, Italian Somaliland (Mariani and Besta, 1936).

Experimental vector.Periplaneta americana, Uruguay (Pérez Fontana, 1955): Eggs recovered from the insects' feces.

Order STRONGYLOIDEA

Family ANCYLOSTOMIDAE

* Ancylostoma caninum (Ercolani, 1859) Hall, 1913

Experimental vector.Periplaneta americana, Netherlands (Akkerman, 1933).

* Ancylostoma ceylanicum (Looss, 1911) Leiper, 1915

Experimental vector.Periplaneta americana, Gold Coast Colony (Macfie, 1922); Netherlands (Akkerman, 1933).

* Ancylostoma duodenale (Dubini, 1843) Creplin, 1845

Natural vector.Periplaneta americana, South Africa (Porter, 1929, 1930).

Experimental vector.Periplaneta americana, Gold Coast Colony (Macfie, 1922).

* Necator americanus (Stiles, 1902) Stiles, 1906

Natural vector.Periplaneta americana, India (Chandler, 1926).

Experimental vector.Periplaneta americana, Gold Coast Colony (Macfie, 1922).

* Hookworm ova

Experimental vectors.Periplaneta americana, Periplaneta australasiae, Neostylopyga rhombifolia, Formosa (Morischita and Tsuchimochi, 1926).

Family TRICHOSTRONGYLIDAE

* Trichostrongylus sp.

Natural vector.Blatta orientalis, Italian Somaliland (Mariani and Besta, 1936).

Order TRICHUROIDEA

Family TRICHURIDAE

* Capillaria hepatica (Bancroft, 1893) Travassos, 1915

Experimental vector.Blatta orientalis, Italy? (Giordano, 1950).

* Trichuris trichiura (Linnaeus, 1771) Stiles, 1901

Natural vectors.Blatta orientalis, Italian Somaliland (Mariani and Besta, 1936); U.S.S.R. (Sondak, 1935).

Blattella germanica, U.S.S.R. (Sondak, 1935).

Periplaneta americana, Gold Coast Colony (Macfie, 1922); Formosa (Morischita and Tsuchimochi, 1926).

Experimental vectors.Periplaneta americana, Gold Coast Colony (Macfie, 1922); India (Chandler, 1926); Uruguay (Pérez Fontana, 1955).

Periplaneta americana, Periplaneta australasiae, and Neostylopyga rhombifolia, Formosa (Morischita and Tsuchimochi, 1926).


[XII. ARTHROPODA]

The classification follows Brues et al. (1954) with the following exceptions. The Acarina are arranged according to Dr. J. H. Camin (personal communication, 1955). Family Eupelmidae of the Hymenoptera follows the classification of Peck (1951).

Class ARACHNIDA

In this class, representatives of at least four orders have utilized cockroaches as food: the whip scorpions, scorpions, spiders, and mites. Apparently none of these feed exclusively on cockroaches, but the Philippine forest scorpion Heterometrus (=Palamnaeus) longemanus seems to prefer blattids to other insects (Schultze, 1927).

Order PEDIPALPIDA

Family THELYPHONIDAE