FLORIDA.

1. St. Marks River, Wakulla County.—In 1870 (Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1870, p. 98), Leidy stated that from this place there was in the collection of the Natural History Society of Boston a molar of the thick-plated variety of elephant. The grinding-surface, irregular and worn so as to present a terraced appearance, has a length of 8.5 inches and included 11 ridge-plates. The species is quite certainly Elephas columbi.

It may be mentioned that Sellards (8th Ann. Rep. Florida Geol. Surv., p. 103) reported that part of a skeleton of a mastodon or of an elephant had been obtained from Wakulla Spring by Mr. John L. Thomas. This is near Crawfordville.

2. Station 120, Duval County.—Sellards (8th Ann. Rep. Geol. Surv. Florida, p. 106) reported that Elephas columbi had been discovered at Station 120, on the Inland Waterway Canal. At the same place had been found Mammut americanum, an undetermined species of Bison, and an undetermined species of Odocoileus. The locality is probably 5 miles south of Pablo Beach.

3. Citra, Marion County.—In January 1914, the writer saw at Ward’s Establishment, at Rochester, New York, the hinder half of a lower left hindermost molar of Elephas columbi, labeled as found at Citra. No details were preserved respecting the history of the tooth. There were 6 ridge-plates in a 100–mm. line.

4. Near Mantanzas, St. John County.—At the residence of Fred R. Allen, St. Augustine, Florida, the writer has seen part of four hindermost molars, three upper and one lower, of Elephas columbi, found in the Inland Waterway Canal, near his farm, 28 miles south of St. Augustine, apparently not far from Mantanzas. At the same place have been found Mammut americanum, Equus sp., Mylodon harlani, and Terrapene antipex. Sellards (8th Rep. p. 106) adds to this list an undetermined species of Bison and one of Odocoileus.

5. Ocala, Marion County.—From this place Leidy (Trans. Wagner Inst., vol. II, p. 17, plate III, figs. 6–9) has described and figured a first and a second milk molar. The figures have been reproduced by the writer (Iowa Geol. Surv., vol. XXIII, plate LXI, figs. 2, 3, 5, 6). These teeth certainly belong to Elephas columbi. They were found in a fissure in a limestone rock, near Ocala, in the property of Mr. F. M. Phillips. With them were a part of a skull of Smilodon floridanus, teeth of a horse which Leidy referred to his Equus fraternus (=E. leidyi), and teeth supposed to belong to the little camel Procamelus (Auchenia) minimus. These fossils were referred to the Pliocene, but apparently there is not sufficient reason for doing so. The geology of the locality is treated on page [378].

6. Dunnellon, Marion County.—In the collection of the Florida Geological Survey, No. 2232, is a part of the rear of what is regarded as a hindermost upper molar, found in a phosphate mine near Dunnellon. There are 7 ridge-plates, but some are missing from the front and some from the rear. The height of the front plate present is 210 mm.; the width is 82 mm. There are 6 plates in a 100–mm. line. This tooth is remarkable because of its thinness. It is possibly a more anterior tooth, but is rather high to be such.

The geology of the neighborhood of Dunnellon and a list of the species collected there are to be found on page [376].

7. Holder, Citrus County.—In the collection of Dr. H. G. Bystra, chemist of the Buttgenbach river mine, is a fragment of a tooth of Elephas columbi, found in the mine, on Withlacoochee River, a few miles north of Holder, in section 29, township 17 south, range 19 east. In the same collection are a fragment of an upper and one of a lower molar, found in the same place in dredging for phosphate rock.

21. Sumterville, Sumter County.—In the collection of the Florida Geological Survey (No. 240) is a single plate of a tooth of Elephas columbi, found by Dr. Sellards 3 miles east of Holder.

16. Daytona, Volusia County.—In 1916 (8th Ann. Rep. Florida Geol. Surv., p. 105), Sellards stated that Mr. Morris, of Daytona, had found in a marl pit a tooth of Elephas columbi. As stated on page [122], remains of Mammut americanum have been found in similar pits. In these pits were collected a piece of a tusk of a proboscidean and a rib of a whale, thought to belong to the genus Balænoptera.

In the Fifth Annual Report of the Florida Geological Survey, on pages 222 to 225, are presented the logs of artesian wells put down at Daytona. In one well was found a bed of white marl at a depth of 6 feet, having a thickness of 9 feet. It is possible that this corresponds to the marl-bed which furnished the elephant and whale, and it may belong to the first glacial stage.

8. Tampa, Hillsboro County.—In the collection of Heidelberg University, Tiffin, Ohio, the writer has seen a fragment consisting of two plates of an upper molar of Elephas columbi, labeled as having been found at Tampa.

9. St. Petersburg, Pinellas County.—In the museum of the State University at Gainesville, Florida, is an upper left second molar of Elephas columbi recorded as having been found at Indian Rock, a village near St. Petersburg, in the peninsula west of Tampa Bay. The tooth is covered with barnacles and had evidently been in salt water. No other information was secured respecting the tooth.

10. Kingsford, Polk County.—In the collection of Yale University is a fragment of a lower molar of Elephas columbi, recorded as having been found at Kingsford. It was obtained under 19 feet of phosphate rock and sand. The collector was Juan C. Edmundoz. There are present 5 coarse plates. The tooth belongs possibly to E. imperator. As recorded on another page, teeth of horses have been found in the same situation. If correctly reported, they belong, with the phosphate, to the Nebraskan stage of the Pleistocene.

20. Palma Sola, Manatee County.—There has been sent to the U. S. National Museum, with other fossils, a fragment of a tooth of Elephas columbi, washed up on the beach at Palma Sola, and found by Mr. Chas. T. Earle. Besides the elephant tooth were fragments of deer antlers, several teeth of Equus complicatus, a few of E. leidyi, one of E. littoralis, and an astragalus and a metapodial of Bison latifrons?. These all belong apparently to early Pleistocene. With them came teeth of sharks, a beak of a porpoise, and the distal end of a metapodial of a camel, all probably washed out of Miocene or Pliocene deposits in the neighborhood.

11. Sarasota, Sarasota County.—In the American Museum of Natural History are two fragments of teeth of Elephas columbi collected about 8 miles southeast of Sarasota by Mr. Barnum Brown, in 1911; one consists of three, the other of two plates. With them were found fragments of extinct turtles and a dermal plate of an edentate, possibly of Chlamytherium; also several teeth of horses.

18. Eau Gallie, Brevard County.—Sellards (8th Ann. Rep. Florida Geol. Surv., p. 105) announced that teeth of Elephas columbi and of Equus complicatus had been found in the Hopkins Drainage Canal.

17. Fellsmere, St. Lucie County.—Sellards (op. cit., p. 105) reported a tooth or teeth of Elephas columbi found in a drainage canal at this place.

12. Vero, St. Lucie County.—Numerous fragments of teeth of Elephas columbi have been found at Vero. The geology will be discussed on pages 381 to 383, and a list of the fossil vertebrates that have been found at Vero will be presented.

13. Zolfo, Hardee County.—In the American Museum of Natural History (No. 15546) is the right ramus with the symphysis and one tooth of Elephas columbi. The tooth is quite certainly the hindermost one. Thirteen plates are present and a number must have worn out and disappeared from the front. Zolfo is on Peace Creek.

14. Arcadia, De Soto County.—Numerous remains of Elephas columbi have been found at Arcadia and vicinity, mostly in the course of dredging for phosphate. The geology of the region is discussed on pages [380]–[381] and a list presented of fossil vertebrates found there.

Leidy (Trans. Wagner Inst., vol. II, p. 22, plate VII) figured a very large tooth found at Arcadia. It has 27 plates and is 400 mm. long. There are 6 plates in a 100–mm. line. This tooth is in the collection of the Wagner Institute in Philadelphia. Leidy recorded also a part of a last molar, now in the Academy of Natural Sciences at Philadelphia.

In the collection of the Public Museum at Milwaukee, Wisconsin, is an upper, left, hindermost molar labeled as found in the phosphate beds of Peace Creek, probably at Arcadia. It was presented by Mr. Ad. Meinecke. There are 6 plates and a little more in a 100–mm. line. Teeth, Nos. 319 and 1991, from Arcadia, are in the U. S. National Museum. No. 1571 of the Florida Geological Survey was found 6 miles north of Arcadia.

15. Tourner’s, Glades County.—In the U. S. National Museum (No. 8088) is a part of a tooth of Elephas columbi sent by J. M. Purvis, Tourner’s, Florida. It was reported as having been collected on the Caloosahatchee River at the place named. This place (spelled also Turner’s) appears to be near Thompson’s and probably in township 43 south, range 29 east. This tooth appears to be the penultimate milk molar; there are 9 ridge-plates in a 100–mm. line. The enamel is thin and much folded.

Leidy (Trans. Wagner Inst., vol. II, p. 23) recorded the discovery of a last molar tooth of E. columbi at some point on the river mentioned. The tooth is in the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. Dall (Bull. 84, U. S. Geol. Surv., p. 129) on the authority of Leidy stated that Bison latifrons and Equus fraternus had been found in the Pliocene beds along this river. It is probable that he used B. latifrons in a wide sense. Sellards (8th Rep., p. 102) shows that at least the elephant and the horse were from the Pleistocene.

19. Palm Beach, Palm Beach County.—Sellards, in his Eighth Annual Report, page 105, stated that there had been secured from the Palm Beach Canal for the drainage of the Everglades, teeth of Elephas columbi, as well as those of Equus complicatus and Mammut americanum, and a femur of a species of Bison.