FOOTNOTES:
[86] For many useful suggestions in this section, bringing these rules up to date, I am much indebted to Karl Breul, M.A., Litt.D., Ph.D., Reader in Germanic at Cambridge University.—H. H.
[87] A very useful book is that by K. Duden, Orthographisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache, 8th ed., Leipzig, 1906. Price 2s.—H. H.
[88] Where these founts are not yet available, ss must, as hitherto, be put for [ſ𝔷].
[89] He said—not without hesitation—that he must depart.
[90] Single German commas are, however, also used.
[91] He said to me, ‘Do not go there, for they say that “ghosts” are haunting that place’.
[92] After short vowels and before 𝔢 and 𝔦 of less strongly accented syllables print ſſ: 𝔢ſſ𝔢𝔫, 𝔴𝔦ſſ𝔢𝔫, 𝔩𝔞ſſ𝔢𝔫, 𝔨𝔲̈ſſ𝔢𝔫, 𝔉𝔩𝔲̈ſſ𝔦𝔤𝔨𝔢𝔦𝔱.
[93] A very full list of German abbreviations, with explanations, is given in Dr. Breul’s New German Dictionary (Cassell & Co., London, 1906).
APPENDIX IV
DIVISION OF LATIN WORDS
The general rules are practically Priscian’s. They are well summarized in Gildersleeve’s Latin Grammar.
1. ‘In dividing a word into syllables, a consonant between two vowels belongs to the second: a-mo, li-xa.
2. ‘Any combination of consonants that can begin a word (including mn, under Greek influence) belongs to the following vowel; in other combinations the first consonant belongs to the preceding vowel: a-sper, fau-stus, li-bri, a-mnis.
3. ‘The combinations incapable of beginning a word are (a) doubled consonants: sic-cus; (b) a liquid and a consonant: al-mus, am-bo, an-guis, ar-bor.
4. ‘Compounds are treated by the best grammarians as if their parts were separate words: ab-igo, res-publica.’
To take a page of Cicero:
con-sequi so-lent ex-ponimus a-criter cri-mi-no-se diligen-ter a-gi re-rum conse-quentium miseri-cor-dia com-movebitur au-di-to-ris a-ni-mus osten-demus com-modis cu-ius cu-i quo-rum qui-bus-que (not qui-bu-sque) us-que (because the parts are separate) ca-ptabimus pote-statem sub-i-ci-e-mus pa-renti-bus neces-sariis cle-men-tia.
Again:
eius-modi, cuius-modi, huius-modi (not eiu-smodi, &c.) con-iun-ctim (I should suppose, not con-iunc-tim) am-plifica-stis e-stis vetu-stas hone-stus onu-stus sus-cipere sub-trahit ad-trahit in-struit circu-it simul-tate re-ce-den-dum di-co di-xi-sti di-xe-rat di-ctum a-ctum au-ctus ma-gnus i-gnis mali-gnus pi-gnus li-gna pec-catum demon-stra-stis (I am rather doubtful about this) ma-gis ma-xime dif-fi-cul-tas la-brum la-mna lar-gus lon-ge di-gnus sum-pserim su-mo sum-mus su-prema propter-ea, and probably pro-pter-ea (but again I am in some doubt) dis-tin-ctus dis-tin-guo ad-spectus a-spectus tem-ptavit il-lu-stris. Most of these are already adopted in editions of authority, e.g. Nobbe’s Cicero, Haase’s Seneca.
Robinson Ellis.
APPENDIX V
DIVISION OF GREEK WORDS
A syllable ends in a vowel EXCEPT—
1. If a consonant is doubled, the consonants are divided.
Συρακούσ-σας (Bacch.[94]), πολ-λῷ (Thuc.), and so Βάκ-χος, Σαπ-φώ, Ἀτ-θίς.
2. If the first of two or more consonants is a liquid or nasal,[95] it is divided from the others.
(Two consonants) ἄμ-φακες, ἐγ-χέσπαλον[96], τέρ-πον (Bacch.), πάν-τες (Thuc.), ἄλ-σος.
(Three consonants) ἁν-θρώποις, ἐρ-χθέντος (Bacch.), ἀν-δρῶν (Thuc.).
But βά-κτρον, κάτο-πτρον, ἐ-χθρός.
(Four consonants) θέλ-κτρον, Λαμ-πτραί.
3. Compounds. For modern printing the preference must be to divide the compounds παρ-όντος, ἐφ-ῃπημένος (Thuc.), but ἀπέ-βη may stand as well as ἀπ-έβη.
H. Stuart Jones.