2. The Lake at Zarukha.
Three specimens of this scarab are known; one is in the Egyptian Museum of the Vatican at Rome; another is in the Golenischeff Collection, and the third is in the possesion of the Duke of Northumberland at Alnwick Castle. A fragment of a fourth example is in the Petrie Collection. The Vatican scarab was first published by Rosellini (Mon. St., Pl. 44, 2, cf. Vol. III, pt. 1, pp. 263-268), and again by Stern in 1878 (Ä.Z., 1877, p. 87). A translation of this text was made by Birch, and published by him in the Records of the Past (Vol. XII, p. 41). The text given here is that on the Alnwick Museum specimen.[[134]]
| (a) Transliteration. | (b) Translation. |
| 1. Renpet XI, abd III, shat, heru I, kher | 1. “The eleventh year, the third month of the harvest season, the day 1, under |
| 2-5. (ankh) Heru.[[135]] (Here follow the full titles of Amenhetep and Thŷi.) | 2-5. the (living) Horus. “(Here follow the usual titles of Amenhetep and Thŷi.) |
| 6. uzu hen-ef art mert[[136]] ne hemt seten urt | 6. “His Majesty ordered that there should be made a lake for the great Royal Wife |
| 7. Thŷi, ankh tha, em demaes en Zaru- | 7. Thŷi, living, in her town of Zaru- |
| 8. kha[[137]]; fu-ef meh em 3700, usekh-ef meh[[138]] | 8. kha; its length to be 3,700 cubits, its breadth cubits |
| 9. 700. ar ne hen-ef heb uba mert | 9. 700. His Majesty made the festival of the opening of the lake |
| 10. em abd III shat, heru 16, khent hen-ef | 10. in the third month of the harvest season, on the sixteenth day (when) His Majesty sailed |
| 11. em seten uaa “Aten- | 11. in the Royal dahabiyeh (named) ”Aten- |
| 12. tahen[[139]]” em khenu-ef. | 12. tahen, “in its cabin.” |
PLATE XXXIV.
SCARABS OF THE EIGHTEENTH AND NINETEENTH DYNASTIES.
1-6. Zezer-kheperu-ra (Horemheb).
1. Luxor.
2. “Ruler of Heliopolis. Chosen of Ra.” Bol. 2528.
3. Newb.
4. Hood.
5. “Ruler of Thebes.” Dattari.
6. “Beloved of Amen. Hor-em-heb.” Alnw.
7 and 8. Mut-nezemt, Queen of Horemheb.
7. Ring, P.
8. “The Great Royal Wife.” A frog on back. Mar. Abyd., II, 40 m.
9-13. Men-pehti-ra (Rameses I).
9. B.M. 32474.
10. B.M. 24187.
11. B.M. 32445.
12. v-B. (Fr. Sc. 225.)
13. Gr.
14-21. Men-maat-ra (Setŷ I).
14. Newb.
15. B.M. 17157.
16. B.M. 32406.
17. B.M. 32373.
18. B.M. 30601.
19. “Prince of Truth.” C.M.
20. B.M. 17142.
21. “Beloved of Ptah.” B.M. (Loftie.)
22-36. User-maat-ra setep-en-ra (Rameses II).
22. Luxor.
23. Newb.
24. P.
25. Luxor.
26. P.
27. B.M. 29239.
28. B.M. 30613.
29. B.M. 30614.
30. Amh.
31. B.M. 30615.
32. B.M. 32303.
33. Amh.
34. T.
35. Amh.
36. Amh.
PLATE XXXV.
SCARABS OF THE NINETEENTH DYNASTY (RAMESES II).
1-6. User-maat-ra setep-en-ra (Rameses II).
1. Liv.
2. Ramesseum.
3. Amh.
4. “Ramessu, beloved of Amen.” Amh.
5. Cairo.
6. “The Great Noble.” L.
7. “Nefret-ari, beloved of Mut,” Queen of Rameses II. L.
8-14. User-maat-ra setep-en-ra (Rameses II).
8. B.M. 20826.
9. Gurob.
10. Alnw.
11. Alnw.
12. B.M. 29443.
13. “Glorious in the House of Amen-ra.” B.M. 32328.
14. L.
15. Plaque. Obverse, the cartouches of Rameses II; reverse, “The Royal Wife, Ur-maat-neferu-ra, daughter of the Great Chief of the Kheta.” Found at Tell el Yahudîyeh, and now in the B.M.
16. Plaque. Obverse, the prenomen of Rameses II; reverse, “The Hereditary Mayor and Priest, the Governor of the (Royal) City, the Vezîr, Paser.” W. On Paser, see my notice of him in P.S.B.A., Vol. XXII, pp. 62, 63, and cf. No. 17.
17. Plaque. “The Judge, the Doctor and arï Nekhen, the priest of Maat, the Governor of the (Royal) City, the Vezîr, Paser.” L. Cf. No. 16.
18. Plaque. “User-maat-ra setep-en-ra (Rameses II), The Chieftain of the Harîm of Isis, Min.” C.M.
19. Plaque. Obverse, Prenomen of Rameses II; reverse, “The Royal son of his body, his beloved one, Ramessu-user-pehti.” v-B.
20. Plaque, with scarab on back. “The Royal son, born of the Great Royal Wife, the Chief of the Bowmen, Pa-ra-her-amen-ef.” M-G.
21. Plaque. Obverse, “The High Priest of Amen, Bak-en-khensu; reverse, Son of the Superintendent of the Recruits of the Temple of Amen, Amen-em-apt.” Murch. On this celebrated person, see my life of him in Benson and Gourley’s The Temple of Mut, p. 343-347.
22. Plaque. Obverse, Prenomen of Rameses II; reverse, ”Scribe of the memory of the Lord of the Two Lands, User-maat-ra-nekht.” v-B.
23. Plaque. Obverse, Prenomen of Rameses II; reverse, “The Sem-priest of Ptah, the Governor of the (Royal) City, the Vezîr, Nefer-renpet.” Amh.
24. Plaque. Obverse, Prenomen of Rameses II; reverse, “Khensu-in-Thebes Nefer-hetep.” On sides, “The Sem-priest of Ptah, Nefer-renpet,” and “the Governor of the (Royal) Cities, the Vezîr, Nefer-renpet.” B.M. 4104.
PLATE XXXVI.
SCARABS BEARING ROYAL NAMES: MEREN-PTAH I TO SA-AMEN.
1 and 2. “Ne-ba-ra mery-Amen, Hetep-her-māat” (Merenptah I).
1. Leyd.
2. T.
3-7. “User-kheperu-ra mery-Amen Setŷ-mer-en-Ptah” (Setŷ II).
3. Gr.
4. Alnw.
5. M-G.
6. M-G.
7. Luxor.
8 and 9. Akh-en-ra Setep-en-ra Mer-en-ptah Sa-ptah (Siptah).
8. P.
9. Alnw.
10. Ta-usert Setep-en-Mut (Queen of Siptah). Newb.
11. Ta-usert akh-en-Mut (Queen of Siptah). v-B.
12. “The Royal Wife Ta-usert (Queen of Siptah). M-G.
13. “Sat-ra mer-en-Amen (Queen Tausert).” Newb.
14. “The Chancellor, Baŷ.” Chancellor of Siptah. Luxor.
15. “User-khau-ra mery-Amen” (Setnekht). Cairo.
16. Setnekht mery-ra. Luxor.
17. User-maat-ra mery-Amen, Rameses, “Ruler of Heliopolis” (Rameses III). Luxor.
18. “User-maat-ra mery-Amen, the strong lion.” B.M. 17803.
19. B.M. 17130.
20. B.M. 17123.
21. Nash.
22. “User-maat-ra Setep-en-Amen” (Rameses IV). M-G.
23. “Heq-maat-ra sa Amen” (Rameses IV). B.M. 17,147.
24. “Rameses, Prince of Truth” (Rameses IV). B.M. 29241.
25. “User-maat-ra Set kheper-en-ra” (Rameses V), Edw.
26. “Neb-maat-ra mery-Amen” (Rameses VI). Luxor.
27. “User-ra mery-Amen Setep-en-ra” (Rameses VII). B.M. 17134.
28. “Rameses the Divine Prince of Heliopolis” (Rameses VI). Gr.
29. “Rameses mery-Amen, akh-en-ra” (Rameses VIII). Amh.
30. “The great Noble” (Rameses VIII). Amh.
31. “Nefer-ka-ra Setep-en-ra” (Rameses IX). Gr.
32. “User-maat-ra Setep-en-Neith” (Rameses X). M.D. 32.
33. “Sa-Amen.” M-G.
34. “Neter-kheper-ra setep-en-ra” (Smendes). Gr.
PLATE XXXVII.
SCARABS OF TWENTY-SECOND TO TWENTY-FIFTH DYNASTY KINGS.
1-8. “Hez-kheper-ra setep-en-ra” (Shashanq I).
1. M-G.
2. M-G.
3. M-G.
4. Nash.
5. Amh.
6. M-G.
7. Luxor.
8. Gr.
9. “The Royal Wife, Ka-ra-ma-ma” Ready.
10. “Se-her-ab-ra Pe-de-se-Bast” (Petsubastis). Luxor.
11-13. “Sekhem-kheper-ra setep-en-ra, Osorkon” (Osorkon I).
11. Leyd.
12. Newb.
13. T.
14. “Hez-kheper-ra setep-en-ra, The Divine Ruler of Thebes, Takelethi” (Takelotis I). Newb.
15. “Mery Amen Se Bast Shashanq” (Shashanq II). L.
16. “User-maat-ra Mery Amen Shashanq” (Shashanq III). Cairo.
17-19. “Aa-kheper-ra” (Shashanq IV).
17. Amh. (ivory).
18. Gr.
19. Gr.
20. Kash-ta and Amenardes. Luxor.
21. Amenardes. B.M. 20855.
22 and 23. Uah-ka-ra (Bokkheris).
22. P.
23. Davis.
24. Shep-en-upt. Hood.
25. “The Governor of the City and Vezîr, Zed-auf-Tahuti” (?).
26 and 27. “The Divine Wife Amenardes.
26. Alnw.
27. Alnw.
28. Pe-ankhy and Taharqa. W.
29 and 30. Nefer-ka-ra (Shabaka).
29. Bologna 2533.
30. Alnw.
PLATE XXXVIII.
ROYAL AND PRIVATE SCARABS AND RINGS. (TWENTY-FIFTH TO TWENTY-SIXTH DYNASTIES.)
1. “The Priest of Ra, the Governor of the Two Cities, the Vezîr, Hor-sa-ast.” P.
2. Ta-har-qa. Hood.
3. Ded-ka-ra. M-G.
4. Ta-har-qa. P.
5. Nefer-ka-ra. M-G.
6. Nefer-ka-ra Shabaka. B.M. 17168.
7. Shabaka. B.M. Found at Nineveh. (Layard, Nineveh and Babylon, p. 156.)
8. Ka-ankh-ra. M-G.
9. Psamtek. C.M.
10. Uah-ab-ra. Bologna.
11. Uah-ab-ra. Gr.
12. Ta-har-qa. L.
13. Psamtek. P.
14. Uah-ab-ra. Alnw.
15. Nefer-ab-ra. M-G.
16. “The Priest of Anhur and Shu, son of Ra, Ankh sha-ba-min.” Gold ring. L.
17. Aahmes sa-Neith. T.
18. Men-nefer-ra. M-G.
19. Haa-ab-ra. Uah-ab-ra. C.M.
20. Heru Aa-ab. Newb.
21. Khnem-ab-ra. C.M. (M. M.D. 32.)
22. “Psamtek, beloved of Ptah-anb-res-ef.” C.M. (M. M.D. 32.)
23. “The Priest of Hor-pa-khred ... Regulator of the Temples of Sekhet-hetep, Psamtek-senb.” (Griffith, Tell el Yahudiyeh, Pl. XVIII, 14.)
24. “The Priest ... Hor, son of Horuza.” L.
25. “The Hereditary Mayor, the Priest of Osiris, Lord of Dedu, the Great Chief, Pa-ma.” M-G.
26. “... The Chief of the Mayors, Nefer.” B.M.; from Naucratis.
27. “The Priest of Her-she-ef.” Gold ring. L.
28. “The Priest of Hather, Lady of the Sycomore ...” Gold ring. L.
29. “The nomarch of the Hermonthite nome, Divine Father of Amen-Ra, King of the gods (?), Priest, Opener to the Holder of the ..., the abh-priest, Yerhararu.” Gold ring. Luxor.
PLATE XXXIX.
SCARABS BEARING MOTTOES, GOOD WISHES, ETC.
The inscriptions on these scarabs are generally extremely difficult to interpret, but a few will be found translated on p. [78]. I give here, therefore, only references to the collections from which the examples have been figured.
1 and 2, v-B.
3. M-G. (Common.)
4. B.M. (Common.)
5. B.M.
6. Ashm.
7. Thomp.
8. B.M. 17189.
9. Thomp.
10. Alnw.
11-13. M-G.
14. Gr.
15. Hood.
16 and 17. Gr.
18. M-G.
19. Gr.
20. Hood.
21. Evans. (This plaque is dated by the name of Thothmes III engraved on its side.)
22. B.M. 4267.
23. B.M. 27219.
24. Alnw.
25. Gr.
26. B.M. 3631.
27. M-G. (Common.)
28. B.M. 3912.
29. Alnw.
30. Alnw. (Very common.)
31. Hood.
32. Ashm.
33. M-G.
34. Hood.
35. Ashm.
36. Gr. (This example has the name of Rameses II cut on the back.)
37. M-G. (Common.)
38. B.M. 29245.
PLATE XL.
SCARABS BEARING MOTTOES, GOOD WISHES, ETC.—continued.
References are only given here to the collections from which the specimens have been figured. A few of the inscriptions will be found translated on p. [78].
1. B.M. 3702.
2. Alnw.
3. In the possession of Arthur Evans, Esq.
4. Gr.
5. Hood.
6. B.M. 17270.
7. Bol., 2641.
8. P.
9. B.M. 26596.
10. Ashm.
11. Gr.
12. Luxor.
13 and 14. Amh.
15 and 16. Hood.
17. Luxor.
18. H-P. 4603; cf. Pl. XXXIX, 21 and 27.
19. Fitzw. (Common.)
20. B.M. 26618.
21. Hood.
22. Amh.
23. Luxor. (Very common.)
24. Fitzw. (Very common.)
25. Bol. 2770. (Not rare.)
26. Luxor.
27. H-P.
28. Newb.
29 and 30. Amh.
31. In the possession of Mrs. Cox.
32. B.M.
PLATE XLI.
SCARABS BEARING NAMES OF FIGURES OF GODS, ETC.
1. “Isis, Lady of Heaven and Mistress of the Gods.” T.
2. Ŷm-hetep. H.P.
3. “Amen-ra, Lord of the Breath of Life.” Alnw.
4. “Amen-ra, abundant in things.” Newb.
5. Head of Hathor. T.
6. Her-she-ef. M-G.
7. “Ra-nefer, Son of Amen.” Gr.
8. Ptah. Cairo.
9. “Shu, Son of Ra.” Amh.
10. Horus and Uraeus. Vat.
11. Horus and Uraeus. T.
12. A king adoring Thoth. C.M.
13. Ptah standing in front of two altars. Alnw.
14. Mentu. C.M.
15. Set. C.M.
16. Bes. Amh.
17. Amen supported by Ra and Pacht. Amh.
18. Amen-ra. Cairo.
19. Maat. Newb.
20. The title “Courtier.” C.M.
21. The title “Hereditary Prince.” Gr.
22. The title “Governor of the City.” C.M.
23. The royal title, “Son of Ra.” Luxor.
24. The royal titles, “The Good God, Lord of the Two Lands.” Luxor.
25. The royal titles, “King of Upper and Lower Egypt.” Newb.
26. A common inscription of doubtful meaning. B.M.
27. Hieroglyphic signs symmetrically arranged. Luxor.
28. M-G.
29. Luxor.
30. Amen-ra. Cairo.
31. B.M.
32. B.M. (A very common inscription.)
33. Luxor.
34. Luxor.
35. Naucratis.
36. Luxor.
PLATE XLII.
HIEROGLYPHICS, FLOWERS, ETC.
1. Ankh, “Life.” Newb.
2. Ankh nefer, “Life and beauty.” Newb.
3. Nefer maa, “Beauty and truth.” Newb.
4. Do. do. do.
5. Hieroglyphic signs. Luxor.
6. Two nefer signs. Cairo.
7. Ankh nefer, “Life and beauty.” Newb.
8-11. Hieroglyphic signs. C.M.
12. Nefer, “Beauty,” surrounded by a coil pattern. C.M.
13. Two feet and an ox’s head (?). M-G.
14. Lotus buds. C.M.
15. Lotus flower and buds. C.M.
16. Papyrus flowers. Newb.
17. A cat, fish, and eye. C.M.
18. An eye. L.
19. A fly. Hood.
20. A beetle, two uraei, and a crocodile. Newb.
21. A cat and fish in an eye. C.M. (see above, No. 17.)
22. A hawk, two uraei, and a crocodile. Newb.
23. A hand. Gr.
24. A King (?) seated. Very common.
25. A fish and a scorpion. Gr.
26. Three uraei. Liv.
27. A man holding two crocodiles. Hood.
28. Two monkeys climbing a palm-tree. Gr.
29. A palm-tree and two crocodiles. Dattari.
30. Two fish. Cairo.
31. Two scorpions. Gr.
32. A gazelle. Newb.
33-39. Hunting scenes. B.M., Newb., and H-P. Colls.
PLATE XLIII.
MISCELLANEOUS ROYAL AND PRIVATE SCARABS.
1. “The Royal Sealer and Divine Father, Ha-ankh-ef.” P.
2. “The Steward, Khnems.” Dat. Thirteenth Dynasty.
3. “The son of Ra, Amenemhat-Sebekhetep, beloved of Sebek-ra. Lord of Shŷteru” (?). Davis. Thirteenth Dynasty. (See P.S.B.A., XXIV, p. 250.)
4. “The Steward, Amenŷ.” P. Late Twelfth Dynasty.
5. “The Scribe of the Army, Nehŷ, born of the Lady Kesen.” C.M. Thirteenth Dynasty.
6. “Neferui-uah-ra.” Fitzw.
7. “The Royal Friend, Doctor and Scribe, Sa-hather.” C.M. Thirteenth Dynasty.
8. “The Chief Superintendent of the Office of the Treasury, Nen-semkhut-ef.” Davis. Thirteenth Dynasty.
9. “The Doctor and ari Nekhen, Antef.” Davis. Thirteenth Dynasty.
10. “The Royal Sealer, Royal Friend, and Superintendent of the Seal, Ab-tau.” Davis. Hyksos period.
11. “Ankhes-en-pa-aten.” Davis. Eighteenth Dynasty (Akhenaten).
12. “The Superintendent of the Cattle of Amen; Sen-nefer.” P. Early Eighteenth Dynasty.
13. “The Vezîr, Ym-hetep.” Davis. This Vezîr lived under Amenhetep I. (See P.S.B.A., XXIII, p. 250.)
14. “Apepa.” Davis. Hyksos period.
15. “The Mayor and Superintendent of the Granary of Amen, Aahmes.” Davis. Time of Hatshepsût or early Thothmes III.
16. “The Chantress of Amen, Nefret-ari.” Dat. End of the Eighteenth or beginning of the Nineteenth Dynasty.
17 and 18. “Shesha.” Mr. Nahmann, Cairo. Hyksos period. (Cf. Pl. XXI, 9-18.)
19. “The Son of Ra, Ambu.” C.M. Hyksos period.
20. A blundered scarab of Se-kha-en-ra. Davis. (Cf. Pl. XXI, 19-22.) Hyksos period.
21. “The Son of Ra, Ŷ-keb.” Davis. Hyksos period. (Cf. Pl. XXII, 7-13.)
22. “The Royal Son, Ŷ-kebu.” v-B. Hyksos period. (See supra, No. 21.)
23. “The Superintendent of the Unguents, Kheper-ka.” P. Twelfth Dynasty.
24. “The Superintendent of the Office, Atef.” C.M. Thirteenth or Fourteenth Dynasty.
25. “The Scribe Teta.” Davis. Middle Eighteenth Dynasty.
26. “The Steward of the House of Prayer, Mesu.” B.M.
27. “The Mayor of Heliopolis, Ben, son of Ma.” v-B. Thothmes III. (Fr. Sc. 81.)
28. “The Guardian of the Storehouse, Aŷ.” T. Thirteenth Dynasty.
29. “The Guardian of the Storehouse, Senb.” C.M. Thirteenth Dynasty.
30. “The Overseer of the Surveyors, Thati.” C.M. Thirteenth Dynasty.
31. “The Chief over the Secrets of the Royal Palace, the Royal Sealer, and Superintendent of the Seal, Hor.” Philadelphia Museum. (See my note in Garstang’s El Arabeh, p. 32.)
32. “The Guardian of the Unguents, Nub-user.” C.M. Thirteenth Dynasty.
33. “The Superintendent of the (Cattle ?) stalls, Benera.” C.M. Thirteenth Dynasty.
PLATE XLIV.
MISCELLANEOUS ROYAL AND PRIVATE SCARABS—continued.
1. “The Superintendent of the Interior, Kenem. Timmins’ Coll.
2. “The Em-a-ast, Sebeknekht.” Cairo.
3. “The Steward of the Accounts of Cattle, Hora-khent-khetï-hetep.” Timmins’ Coll.
4. “The Lady Sent.” Timmins’ Coll.
5. “The Scribe Hu-ma-thu.” Timmins’ Coll.
6. “The Son of Ra, Khŷan.” Timmins’ Coll.
7. “The Good God, Kha-user-Ra, giving life.” Piers’ Coll.
8. “The Son of Ra, Seket.” Piers’ Coll.
9. “The King of Upper and Lower Egypt, Se-baq-ka-Ra.” Cairo.
10. “The Superintendent of ...? Anna.” Timmins’ Coll.
11. “The Superintendent of the Gold Workers, Haaïu.” Timmins’ Coll.
12. “The Court Under-sealer, Ab-ref.”
13. “The Great (?) Royal Wife, Nub-hetep-tha.” Murch.
14. “The Lady, Y-ȧb.” Cairo.
15. “The Great One of the Southern Tens, Sebek-her-heb.” Timmins’ Coll.
16. “The Chief Steward, Mentu-hetep Zeszes.” Timmins’ Coll.
17. “The Scribe of the Great Prison, Dehenti.” Timmins’ Coll.
18. “The abu ne at ... Sebek-aa.” Cairo.
19. “May the King give an offering to Ptah-seker-Osiris Neb ankh tauï for the ka of the Great one of the Southern Tens, Sebek-em-heb, Son of H ... hufi.” Cairo.
20. “The Governor of the city, Ptah (?).” Cairo.
21. “Ari-at of the followers, Yu-senbu.” Cairo.
22. “Royal Sealer. Superintendent of the Peasantmen, Nefer-hetep.” Cairo.
23. “Royal Sealer. Superintendent of the prison, Senb.” Murch.
24. “The judge and arï Nekhen, Ren-ef-res.” Cairo.
25. “Royal daughter, Nebt-tep-ahu.” Murch.
26. “Royal Sealer, Chief Steward, Neb-ankh.” Murch.