DONAHUE.

Wednesday, May 18, 1904.

Breakfast.—Banana 141 grams, bread 60 grams, butter 15 grams, coffee 150 grams, cream 80 grams, sugar 31 grams.

Lunch.—Soup 247 grams, string beans 65 grams, bread 21 grams, butter 30 grams, coffee 150 grams, sugar 21 grams, fried potato 222 grams.

Dinner.—Consommé 150 grams, bread 45 grams, butter 10 grams, mashed potato 150 grams, spinach 200 grams, apple pie 103 grams, coffee 150 grams, cream 75 grams, sugar 28 grams.

Food.Grams.Per cent Nitrogen.Total Nitrogen.
Banana141×0.23=0.324grams.
Butter15 + 30 + 10 =55×0.15=0.083
Sugar31 + 21 + 28 =80×0.00=0.000
Cream80 + 75 =155×0.46=0.713
Bread60×1.66=0.996
Coffee150 + 150 + 150 =450×0.06=0.270
Bread21×1.60=0.336
Soup247×0.41=1.013
Fried potato222×0.32=0.710
String beans65×0.34=0.221
Consommé150×0.38=0.570
Bread45×1.80=0.810
Spinach200×0.53=1.060
Potato150×0.38=0.570
Pie103×0.43=0.443
Total nitrogen in food8.119grams.
Total nitrogen in urine5.750
Fuel value of the food2676 calories.

Thursday, May 19, 1904.

Breakfast.—Banana 98 grams, boiled hominy 150 grams, bread 60 grams, butter 10 grams, coffee 150 grams, cream 125 grams, sugar 45 grams.

Lunch.—Bread 61 grams, butter 19 grams, potato 100 grams, fried hominy 114 grams, syrup 48 grams, boiled onion 139 grams, coffee 150 grams, sugar 21 grams.

Dinner.—Tomato purée 200 grams, bread 40 grams, fried sweet potato 77 grams, macaroni 100 grams, spinach 100 grams, bacon 21 grams, bread pudding 100 grams, cream 50 grams, sugar 7 grams.

Food.Grams.Per cent Nitrogen.Total Nitrogen.
Banana98×0.23=0.225grams.
Bread60×1.54=0.924
Butter10 + 19 =29×0.15=0.044
Sugar46 + 21 + 7 =73×0.00=0.000
Coffee150 + 150 =300×0.06=0.180
Cream125 + 50 =175×0.47=0.823
Hominy150×0.20=0.300
Bread61×1.60=0.976
Potato100×0.49=0.490
Fried hominy114×0.67=0.764
Syrup48×0.024=0.012
Onion139×0.27=0.375
Bread40×1.74=0.696
Tomato purée200×0.53=1.060
Fried sweet potato77×0.38=0.293
Macaroni100×0.93=0.930
Spinach100×0.56=0.560
Bacon21×3.00=0.630
Pudding100×0.20=0.200
Total nitrogen in food9.482grams.
Total nitrogen in urine6.640
Fuel value of the food2753 calories.

Friday, May 20, 1904.

Breakfast.—Orange 70 grams, baked potato 87 grams, roll 59 grams, butter 32 grams, sugar 7 grams.

Lunch.—Bread 67 grams, butter 15 grams, fish cake 88 grams, potato 150 grams, bread pudding 150 grams, cream 50 grams.

Dinner.—Consommé 150 grams, fish 70 grams, string beans 70 grams, potato 155 grams, cranberry sauce 102 grams, bread 32 grams, coffee 100 grams, sugar 14 grams.

Food.Grams.Per cent Nitrogen.Total Nitrogen.
Orange70×0.20=0.140grams.
Butter32 + 15 =47×0.15=0.071
Roll59×1.72=1.015
Sugar7 + 14 =21×0.00=0.000
Potato87×0.40=0.348
Bread67×1.71=1.146
Fish-cake88×1.22=1.074
Potato150×0.30=0.450
Bread pudding150×0.99=1.485
Cream50×0.44=0.220
Potato155×0.34=0.527
Consommé150×0.59=0.885
Bread32×1.97=0.630
String beans70×0.36=0.252
Cranberry sauce102×0.03=0.031
Fish70×3.18=2.226
Coffee100×0.06=0.060
Total nitrogen in food10.560grams.
Total nitrogen in urine8.450
Fuel value of the food1911 calories.

Saturday, May 21, 1904.

Breakfast.—Banana 106 grams, boiled Indian-meal 150 grams, sugar 21 grams, cream 50 grams, bread 59 grams, butter 16 grams.

Lunch.—Bread 55 grams, butter 13 grams, lamb chop 37 grams, potato croquette 105 grams, tomato 216 grams, sugar 14 grams, water ice 143 grams.

Dinner.—Bean soup 100 grams, fried egg 22 grams, bacon 10 grams, lettuce salad 63 grams, fried potato 100 grams, coffee 100 grams, cream 50 grams, sugar 21 grams, stewed prunes 247 grams.

Food.Grams.Per cent Nitrogen.Total Nitrogen.
Bread59×1.65=0.974grams.
Butter16 + 13 =29×0.15=0.044
Banana106×0.23=0.244
Boiled Indian-meal150×0.17=0.255
Sugar21 + 14 + 21 =56×0.00=0.000
Cream50 + 50 =100×0.43=0.430
Bread55×1.82=1.001
Potato croquette105×0.71=0.746
Lamb chop37×4.63=1.713
Tomato216×0.17=0.367
Water ice143×0.012=0.017
Prunes247×0.16=0.395
Bean soup100×1.21=1.210
Fried potato100×0.60=0.600
Egg22×2.27=0.499
Bacon10×3.05=0.305
Salad63×0.21=0.132
Coffee100×0.06=0.060
Total nitrogen in food8.992grams.
Total nitrogen in urine8.640
Fuel value of the food2294 calories.

Sunday, May 22, 1904.

Breakfast.—Orange 60 grams, oatmeal 207 grams, roll 46 grams, butter 14 grams, coffee 150 grams, cream 150 grams, sugar 35 grams.

Lunch.—Potato 150 grams, boiled onions 145 grams, macaroni 130 grams, fried rice 138 grams, syrup 48 grams, ice cream 160 grams, cake 26 grams.

Dinner.—Celery soup 150 grams, spinach 100 grams, mashed potato 100 grams, bread 19 grams, coffee 100 grams, cream 50 grams, sugar 7 grams, strawberry short-cake 169 grams.

Food.Grams.Per cent Nitrogen.Total Nitrogen.
Orange60×0.20=0.120grams.
Oatmeal207×0.43=0.890
Sugar35 + 7 =42×0.00=0.000
Cream150 + 50 =200×0.45=0.900
Roll46×1.67=0.768
Coffee150 + 100 =250×0.06=0.150
Butter14×0.15=0.021
Potato150×0.30=0.450
Onions145×0.25=0.363
Macaroni130×0.46=0.598
Fried rice138×0.75=1.035
Syrup48×0.024=0.012
Ice cream160×0.53=0.848
Cake26×1.20=0.312
Bread19×1.57=0.298
Celery soup150×0.33=0.495
Spinach100×0.55=0.550
Short-cake169×0.50=0.845
Mashed potato100×0.37=0.370
Total nitrogen in food9.025grams.
Total nitrogen in urine8.530
Fuel value of the food2781 calories.

Monday, May 23, 1904.

Breakfast.—Banana 201 grams, cream 100 grams, sugar 28 grams, griddle cakes 103 grams, syrup 48 grams.

Lunch.—Consommé 150 grams, rice croquette 140 grams, syrup 48 grams, fried potato 100 grams, bread 36 grams, butter 15 grams, apple sauce 90 grams, coffee 75 grams, sugar 7 grams.

Dinner.—Vegetable soup 100 grams, potato croquette 50 grams, string beans 120 grams, macaroni 104 grams, bacon 20 grams, bread 26 grams, water ice 184 grams.

Food.Grams.Per cent Nitrogen.Total Nitrogen.
Griddle cakes103×0.91=0.937grams.
Banana201×0.23=0.462
Cream100×0.45=0.450
Sugar28 + 7 =35×0.00=0.000
Syrup48 + 48 =96×0.024=0.023
Consommé150×0.65=0.975
Rice croquette140×0.61=0.854
Butter15×0.15=0.023
Bread36×1.75=0.630
Apple sauce90×0.020=0.018
Fried potato100×0.60=0.600
Coffee75×0.06=0.045
Vegetable soup100×0.70=0.700
Bread26×1.75=0.455
Macaroni104×0.87=0.905
String beans120×0.22=0.264
Water ice184×0.006=0.011
Bacon20×3.28=0.656
Potato croquette50×0.77=0.385
Total nitrogen in food8.393grams.
Total nitrogen in urine7.690
Fuel value of the food2319 calories.

Tuesday, May 24, 1904.

Breakfast.—Orange 80 grams, fried rice 186 grams, syrup 72 grams, coffee 100 grams, cream 50 grams, sugar 21 grams.

Lunch.—Celery soup 125 grams, bread 34 grams, butter 19 grams, boiled onion 127 grams, potato 150 grams, tomato sauce 50 grams, stewed prunes 189 grams, cream 50 grams.

Dinner.—Tomato soup 125 grams, bread 20.5 grams, fried potato 100 grams, spinach 130 grams, coffee 100 grams, cream 50 grams, sugar 14 grams, cream pie 158 grams.

Evening.—Ginger ale 250 grams.

Food.Grams.Per cent Nitrogen.Total Nitrogen.
Rice186×0.36=0.670grams.
Syrup72×0.024=0.017
Coffee100 + 100 =200×0.06=0.120
Sugar21 + 14 =35×0.00=0.000
Orange80×0.20=0.160
Cream50 + 50 + 50 =150×0.45=0.675
Bread34×1.66=0.564
Butter19×0.15=0.029
Celery soup125×0.48=0.600
Onion127×0.30=0.381
Prunes189×0.17=0.321
Potato150×0.26=0.390
Tomato sauce50×0.23=0.115
Tomato soup125×0.19=0.238
Bread20.5×1.82=0.373
Fried potato100×0.46=0.460
Spinach130×0.54=0.702
Cream pie158×0.93=1.469
Ginger ale250×0.00=0.000
Total nitrogen in food7.284grams.
Total nitrogen in urine7.340
Fuel value of the food2422 calories.

NITROGEN BALANCE.—Donahue.

Nitrogen
Taken in.		Output.
Nitrogen in Urine.Weight of Fæces[43] (dry).
May188.119grams.5.75grams.
199.4826.6415grams.
2010.5608.45
218.9928.64
229.0258.53
238.3937.6989
247.2847.3424
128grams contain
6.40% N.
61.85553.04+8.192grams nitrogen.
61.855grams nitrogen.61.232grams nitrogen.
Nitrogen balance for seven days=+0.623grams.
Nitrogen balance per day=+0.089grams.

Average Intake.

Calories per day2450.
Nitrogen per day8.83 grams.

Examination of these data shows that the total amount of nitrogen ingested for the seven days was 61.855 grams, while there were eliminated in the urine 53.04 grams and through the fæces 8.192 grams of nitrogen, thus showing a plus balance for the period of 0.623 gram of nitrogen. In other words, with an average daily intake of 8.83 grams of nitrogen and with an average fuel value of the food amounting to only 2450 calories per day, the body was not only kept from loss, but was able to store up a little nitrogen for future needs. Surely, one could not ask for any better demonstration of physiological economy in nutrition than these data, for this seven days’ period, afford.

Further, it should be mentioned, as confirmatory of the view that this subject had long been in a condition of nitrogenous equilibrium on about this quantity of food, that the average daily excretion of metabolized nitrogen during this seven days’ period was 7.57 grams, while the average daily excretion from April 13 to June 15 was 7.39 grams of nitrogen. Finally, attention may be called to the fact that the ingestion of 8.83 grams of nitrogen corresponds to 55.18 grams of proteid food, while an excretion of 7.57 grams of nitrogen means the metabolism of 47.3 grams of proteid matter. A saving of more than fifty per cent in proteid food and proteid metabolism, with maintenance of body and nitrogen equilibrium with its possible physiological gains is not to be ignored.

With Jacobus, a similar trial for nitrogen balance gave the following results: