Nineteen Centuries of Drink in England: A History

by Richard Valpy French

FOOTNOTES:

[206] England in the Eighteenth Century, i. 479.

[207] See Pratt: Flowering Plants, vol. v. Also, Larwood: History of Signboards.

[208] John Byrom’s Journal, published by the Chetham Society.

[209] For the condition of the working classes, and the pauperism of the time, see Defoe’s Giving Alms no Charity.

[210] In 1713, Dr. Browne, Bishop of Cork, delivered a discourse to the clergy of his diocese, against drinking in remembrance of the dead, which he published in pamphlet form. This was followed by a second pamphlet, wherein he refuted charges that his critics had made, to the effect that he was actuated by a spirit of hostility to the memory of William III., it being well known that the Bishop was an extreme Tory, and he had laid particular stress on the prevalent custom of drinking to the ‘Immortal Memory of William III.’ This again excited considerable adverse criticism; and in 1716 Dr. Browne launched forth a somewhat exhaustive Discourse of Drinking Healths. But though he handles his theme very ably, the tract is no more than a concise epitome of the arguments and authorities used by the Puritan writers of the previous century. It has been stated that the bishop did not make many converts by his brochures: that, on the contrary, the custom of drinking to William’s ‘immortal memory’ increased, and that to the original form of the toast was tacked on a scurrilous expression indicative of the extreme contempt in which the author of the diatribes was held.[211]

[211] The writer has made use of his own little work entitled The History of Toasting.

[212] Roger North’s Life of Lord-Keeper Guildford.

[213] Parliamentary Report on Drunkenness, p. 173.

[214] English Commons Journal, xxii.

[215] Selected from the speeches cited in the valuable Prize Essay of Dr. Lees.

[216] Selected from the speeches cited in the valuable Prize Essay of Dr. Lees.

[217] James Smith: The Upas in Marybone Lane.

[218] Mrs. Delany’s Correspondence, vi. 158 (cited by Lecky).

[219] Macaulay’s Essay on Walpole’s Letters to Sir Horace Mann.

[220] Scott: Memoirs of Swift.

[221] A Treatise upon the Modes, 1715.

[222] See Thackeray: English Humourists.

[223] Robert Druitt, Report on Cheap Wines.

[224] Roberts, Social Hist. of Southern Counties.

[225] By Joseph Haslewood.

[226] From The Fortress, a drama, 1807.

[227] Macaulay, Comic Dramatists of the Restoration.

[228] It may be mentioned that in the seventeenth century drunkenness was prescribed by some physicians. ‘Quant au profit qui en peut venir (i.e. drunkenness), outre les diarrhées et renversemens d’estomac qui en procèdent, et qui font souvent de très-utiles purgations (ce qui est en partie cause que quelques médecins prescrivent ces débauches une fois le mois),’ &c. &c. (Dialogue par o. Tubero [i.e. Mothe Le Vayer], édit. Francfort, 1716, 12mo, tome ii. p. 158.)

[229] Lees. Prize Essay.

[230] Huish, Memoirs of George IV.

[231] Ib.

[232] Dr. Dawson Burns.

[233] Dawson Burns.

[234] This account is taken from Lees, Prize Essay.

[235] Lees, Prize Essay.

[236] Winskill. Temp. Reformation.

[237] Samuelson. Hist. of Drink.

[238] Ellison; The Church Temperance Movement.

[239] The impulse to this action was given by the clerical memorial to the bishops on intemperance in 1876, in which Prebendary Grier had the principal hand. The memorial was signed by 13,584 of the clergy.

[240] I am indebted for this summary to Mr. Winskill’s Comprehensive History of the Temperance Reformation.

[241] Emerson. Complete Works, i. 273.

[242] G. A. Sala. Paris Herself Again.

[243] H. T. Buckle. Miscellaneous and Posthumous Works, vol. i. pp. 159, 160.

[244] The Great Metropolis, 1836.

[245] John Dunlop. The Philosophy of Artificial and Compulsory Drinking Usage, 1839.

[246] C. T. Thackrah, Effects of the Principal Arts, Trades, and Professions, p. 83.

[247] Alton Locke, 1850.

[248] Men of the Time, 1875.

[249] A life of this remarkable man is preparing for the press, undertaken by a well-known scientist and author, who was his personal friend and admirer.

[250] This subject is well handled by W. J. Conybeare in his Essays Ecclesiastical and Social, pp. 429, &c.

[251] The names of such as Dr. B. W. Richardson, Sir H. Thompson, Sir A. Clarke, Dr. Carpenter, Dr. Edmunds, Dr. Kerr, Dr. Heslop, Dr. Crespi, will at once recur.

[252] Disney, View of Ancient Laws against Immorality and Prophaneness. Camb. 1729.

[253] T. Nash, Pierce Pennilesse, 1595 (cited in I. Disraeli’s Curiosities of Lit.).

---

INDEX.

• Aberdare, Lord, [368]
• Abingdon, [21]
• Adam and Eve, the, [323]
• Addison, J., [256]
• Adulteration, [206], [259], [362], [384]
• Æppelwin, [23]
• Agapæ, [116]
• Aix, Council of, [29]
• Albemarle, Duke of, [229]
• Alchemy, [67]
• Alcohol, [67]
• Alcuin, [29]
• Aldrich, Dean, [243]
• Ale, [4], [21], [22], [46], [88], [97], [116], [209], [223]
• — conners, [114]
• — house, see ‘Tavern’
• Alembic, [67]
• Ales, [81], [153]
• Ale-stake, [85], [115]
• Aleppo, [215]
• Alfred, King, [30], [33]
• Alfric, see ‘Elfric’
• Algrade, [91]
• Alicant, [67], [170], [206], [235]
• Alliance, United Kingdom, [36]
• Amabile vinum, [155]
• Angel, the, [215], [265]
• Angel’s food, [148]
• Anjou, wines of, [78]
• Anne, Queen, [250]
• Anselm, [36], [61], [62]
• Anstruther, Sir R., [368]
• Antioche, [91]
• Ape-drunk, [152]
• Aqua vitæ, [143]
• Aquitaine, [107]
• Arabians, [68]
• Arbuthnot, [250]
• — Sir W., [343]
• Ardan, bishop, [30]
• Armstrong, J., [307]
• Aromatics, [92]
• Arpents, [58]
• Ars bibendi, [187], [218]
• Arthour, Romance of, [23]
• Ascham, Roger, [158]
• Assay, [121]
• Assheton, Dr. W., [244]
• Athelstan, [35]
• Athenæum, the, [313]
• Auxerre, wine of, [79]
• Avranches, Henry of, [85]
• Bacharach, [221]
• Bagford, John, [21]
• Band of Hope, [382]
• Banquets, [8]
• Barbauld, Mrs., [263]
• Barry, Sir E., [341]
• Bastard wine, [90], [120], [170]
• Beakers, [187]
• Beaulieu, [79]
• Beaumont, [151], [167]
• Bede, [22], [25], [27]
• — Cuthbert, [332]
• Bedford Arms, [320]
• Beer, [119], [224]
• Beerhouse Act, [345], [349]
• Bellarmines, [167]
• Bellasyse, Sir Henry, [240]
• Benedictines, [39]
• Bentley, Dr., [265]
• Beowulf, [11]
• Berkeley, Henry, [364]
• Betony, [46]
• Beveridge, Bishop, [269]
• Bid-ales, [81]
• Binding-Tuesday, [52]
• Birley, Mr. Hugh, [368]
• Bishop, [87]
• Blanche-Nef, [63]
• Bloodvessels, [310]
• Bloomfield, R., [329]
• Blue-ribbonism, [382]
• Boethius, [31]
• Bolingbroke, [294]
• Boniface, [27]
• Booth, Archbishop, [121]
• Bordeaux, [65], [66], [170]
• Boswell, [302]
• Bosworth, [130]
• Bracket, [147]
• Bradbury, Mr. E., [383]
• Brandy, [214], [223], [318]
• Brewery Company, [119]
• Bridal cup, [274]
• Bride ales, [81], [123], [124]
• — bush, [123]
• — stake, [123]
• — wain, [123]
• Bridport, Giles de, [84]
• Bristol, [142]
• Brome, A., [196]
• Brook, [59]
• Brougham, Lord, [357]
• Brown, Tom, [245]
• Browne, Dr. Peter, [282]
• Brunswick Mum, [224]
• Buckle, Mr., [376]
• Bull and Butcher, [130]
• Burgh, James, [311]
• Burial ceremony, [274]
• Burleigh, Lord, [150]
• Burnet, Bishop, [141]
• Burns, [335], [377]
• Burns, Dr. D., [352], [361]
• Burton, R., [180]
• — ale, [254]
• Bush, the sign of, [7], [198]
• Bute, Lord, [337]
• Butlerage, [88]
• Butler’s ale, [171]
• — ‘Hudibras,’ [221]
• Buttered ale, [224]
• Buttery, [181]
• Button, [257]
• Buzzing, [318]
• Byron, [319]
• Cabarets, [209]
• Calves’ Head Club, [250], [312]
• Cambridge, [142]
• Cameron, Dr., [370]
• Canary, [67], [132], [165], [189], [235]
• Candia, [131], [170]
• Candle, wines sold by the, [223]
• Canterbury, [21], [45], [59], [142]
• Cantilupe, Walter of, [83]
• Caprike, [147]
• Cardinal, [87]
• Caritates, [39]
• Carlowitz, [171]
• Carlyle, [381]
• Carnarvon, Conference at, [358]
• Carouse, [90]
• Carpenter, Dr., [382]
• Carr, Dr. R., [245]
• Cartaret, Sir G., [227]
• — Lord, [294]
• Catch and Glee Club, [342]
• Cate, [147]
• Catharine of Braganza, [231]
• Cavaliers, [213]
• Cecil, Robert, [150]
• Chablis, [222]
• Chamberlain, the scheme, [369]
• Champagne, [221], [252]
• Champion of England, [237]
• Chandos, Marquis of, [351]
• Chapter punch, [313]
• Charles I., [186], [200], [201], [313]
• — II., [219], [233]
• — V., [135]
• Charms, religious, [47]
• Charneco, [170]
• Chaucer, [41], [95]
• Chenetone, [58]
• Chequers, the, [115]
• Chertham, [59]
• Chester, [142]
• Chesterfield, [295]
• Chios, [131]
• Chocolate, [217]
• Christmas, [108], [253]
• — wort, [47]
• Church, action of the, [37], [47], [83], [122], [129], [193]
• Church-ales, [81], [116]
• Churchill, C., [320]
• Church wort, [47]
• — Temperance Society, [382]
• Cider, [4], [21], [23], [59], [86], [91], [209], [224], [311], [317]
• — cellar, [326]
• — tax, [338]
• Clamber-clown, [333]
• Claré, [23]
• Clarence, Duke of, [120]
• Clarendon, [201]
• Claret, [247]
• Clarke, Sir A., [382]
• Clarry, [29], [58], [77], [87], [92]
• Clear ale, [22]
• Clergy, their hospitality, [26]
• Clerk-ales, [81]
• Cloak, drunkard’s, [134], [218]
• Cloves-hoo, [28]
• Clubs, [151], [214], [249]
• Cockaigne, the land of, [89]
• Cock-ale, [333]
• Cock and Pynot, [240]
• Coffee, [215], [231], [241]
• Colchester, [142]
• Coldingham, [38]
• Coleridge, S. T., [321]
• Colin, Council of, [193]
• Collation, [39], [89]
• Collier, Jeremy, [238]
• Colton, [59]
• Comissationes, [8]
• Commons, select committee of, [361]
• Commonwealth, [209]
• Congiary, [210]
• Congreve, W., [277]
• Convocation Committee, [371]
• Conybeare, W. J., [382]
• Corbet, [161]
• Cordials, [91], [299], [346]
• Cornwall, Barry, [322]
• Costrel, [77]
• Coventry, the Lord keeper, [197]
• Cowen, Mr. J., [368]
• Cowley, [195]
• Cowper, [331]
• Crambo, [176]
• Crashaw, [202], [204]
• Credence, [122]
• Crespi, Dr. A., [382]
• Cromwell, [213]
• — Thomas, [129]
• Crown and Sceptre, [274]
• Crown, the, [87], [125], [197], [316]
• Cruikshank, G., [381]
• Curfew, [88]
• Curmi, a drink made of barley, [2]
• Cuthbert, S., [27], [28], [64]
• Dagger ale, [147], [155]
• Danes, the, [36], [44], [47], [49], [58], [159]
• Darlington Registers, [207]
• Dashwood, Sir F., [337]
• David, St., Synod of, [17], [18]
• Decker, T., [175]
• Dedication, [40]
• De Foe, [242], [275]
• Dele, [67]
• Denmark, King of, [173]
• — Prince George of, [255]
• Depression of spirits, [300]
• Disney, John, [268], [385]
• Disraeli, I., [387]
• Distillation, [67], [223], [292]
• Distilleries, [271]
• Distillery Act, [344]
• Domesday Book, [58], [59]
• Domitian, his restrictive edict, [6]
• Dorset beer, [225], [273]
• Dragon’s milk, [148]
• Dragon, the red, [130]
• Dram-drinkers, [311]
• Drum, the, [198]
• Drunkards, [219]
• Drunken Administration, [294]
• Drunkenness, [69], [118], [129], [138], [155], [178], [247], [317]
• — punishment for, [184]
• Dryden, [233]
• Dunbar, W., [128]
• Dundas, [323]
• Dunlop, John, [379]
• Dunstan, [35], [37], [39], [61]
• D’Urfey, Tom, [132]
• Earle, Bishop, [198]
• Easter ales, [81], [116]
• Ebrietatis encomium, [330]
• Ecgbright, excerpts of, [27], [28], [29]
• Eden, Sir F., [384]
• Edgar, [35], [36], [39], [41]
• Edmund, Archbishop, [84]
• — King, [34]
• Edmunds, Dr., [382]
• Edmundsbury, St., [60], [75]
• Edward (son of Edgar), [42]
• — I., [86], [87]
• — II., [88], [93], [94], [137]
• — III., [107], [108]
• — IV., [125]
• — V., [125]
• — VI., [141]
• Edwin, [26]
• Edwy, [34]
• Eldon, Lord Chancellor, [323]
• Elfric, [37]
• Elfrida, [42]
• Elia, Essays of, [322]
• Elizabeth, Queen, [145], [148]
• Elliott, Sir G., [315]
• Ellison, Canon, [367]
• Elphege, St., [45]
• Elveston, [116]
• Ely, [21], [120]
• — Synod of, [84]
• Elyot, Sir T., [136]
• Emerson, Mr. R. W., [374]
• Encænia, [40]
• Entire, [273]
• Epiphany, [194]
• Ethelfleda, [35]
• Ethelred, [42], [44], [47]
• Ethelwold, [30]
• Etheridge, [223]
• Evelyn, [211]
• Everlasting Club, [214]
• Evesham, [60], [79]
• Exeter, [142]
• Exeter, Book of, [19]
• Exeter, synod of, [88]
• Fair-ease, [89]
• Falstaff, [113], [158]
• Fanshawe, Sir R., [196]
• Farquhar, [251]
• Feathers, the, [198]
• Fever, [318]
• Fines imposed, [22], [217]
• Flagon, [93], [187]
• Flambard, [62]
• Fleece, the Golden, [197]
• Fletcher, [151]
• — of Saltoun, [242]
• Foresters, [82]
• Fox, C. J., [324]
• Fox-drunk, [153]
• Franklin, [278]
• Freeman, E. A., [54]
• French wine, [65]
• Friday, Good, [253]
• Frontignac, [222]
• Fulgentius, [38]
• Garhiofilac, [58], [87]
• Garnarde, [91]
• Garraway’s, [223]
• Gascoigne, George, [155]
• Gascony, [66], [67], [78], [90], [108], [109], [126], [142], [235]
• Gay, [276]
• Geneva, [275]
• Geoffrey Plantagenet, [72]
• George I., [271]
• — II., [285]
• — III., [313]
• — IV., [315], [341]
• Gildas, [17]
• Gild-scipe, [53]
• Giles, St. (Reading), [52]
• Gilliflower sack, [332]
• Gillray, [326], [340]
• Gin Act, [287]
• Gin-drinking, [271], [293], [306]
• Giraldus Cambrensis, [68]
• Give-ales, [81], [123]
• Gladstone, Right Hon. W. E., [366]
• Glass-breaking, [219], [329]
• Globe, the, [198]
• Gloucester, [142]— Vale of, [59]
• Glutton-masses, [123]
• Goat-drunk, [153]
• Gododin, [14]
• Goldsmith, O., [303]
• Googe, Barnabie, [168]
• Gothenburg system, [368], [369]
• Gough, R., the hoax played upon, [50]
• Grafol, [24]
• Grave-beer, [125]
• Greek wines, [91]
• Greene, R., [165]
• Gregory the Great, [25], [40]
• Greville, C., [315]
• Grier, Rev. Canon, [369]
• Grindrod, Dr., [218]
• Grocers’ licence, [339]
• Grog, [272]
• Grosseteste, Bishop, [83], [84]
• Guage, [86]
• Guest-house, [64], [109]
• Guienne, Duchy of, [65], [66], [126], [142]
• Guilds, [24], [53]
• Gunning, H., [316]
• Hafiz, [309]
• Hale, Sir Matthew, [239]
• Half-and-half, [272]
• Hall, Bishop, [181]
• Halling, [59], [93]
• Halliwell-Phillips, J. O., [49]
• Hampson, Sir G., [349]
• Hanten, [58]
• Hardicanute, [49]
• Hardwicke House, [201]
• Harold, [44]
• Harris, Dr. R., [218]
• Harrison, William, [144]
• Harsnet, Archbishop, [206]
• Hart, the White, [198]
• Hastings, battle of, [54]
• Hawkins, Sir W., [260]
• Hawthorn bush, [130]
• Hazlitt, [321]
• Healths, see ‘Toastings’
• Help-ales, [81]
• Henry I., [61]-63
• — II., [66]-73
• — III., [85]
• — IV., [111]
• — V., [113]
• — VI., [119]
• — VII., [126], [129]
• — VIII., [130], [133], [220]
• Herbert, G., [181]
• Hereditary drunkenness, [172]
• Hereford, [142]
• Hereward, [57]
• Herrick, [193]
• Hervey, Lord, [289]
• Heslop, Dr., [382]
• Heywood, [143], [186], [197]
• Higden, H., [243]
• Hippocras, [29], [58], [91], [170]
• Hob-nob, [48]
• Hock, [171], [222]
• Hockamore, [221]
• Hock-day, [46], [50], [53]
• Hock-tide, [177]
• Hogarth, [305], [320]
• Holeburne, [58]
• Holidays, [137]
• Holland, Lady, [323]
• Hollands, [241]
• Hollingburn, [59]
• Hollocke, [155]
• Honey, [92]
• Hook, Theodore, [320]
• Hops, [119], [133], [208]
• Horkey, [330]
• Horn, the, [198]
• Hospitia, [64]
• Hostle, [187]
• Howell’s Letters, [158], [208]
• Huff-cap, [147]
• Hugmatee, [333]
• Hull, [142]
• Humpty-dumpty, [333]
• Hungary, wine of, [171]
• Huntingdon brewery, [213]
• — county feast, [254]
• Hunt, Leigh, [323]
• Hydromel, [3], [332]
• Ine, laws of, [23]
• Ingelow, Jean, [175]
• Innkeepers, [197]
• Innocent III., [79]
• Inns, [5], [87], [109]
• Intemperance, [2], [8]
• Ipswich, [142]
• Islep, Archbishop, [122]
• Jacks, [186]
• Jacobites, Songs of, [249]
• James I., [158], [170]
• — II., [236]
• Jeffries, Judge, [240]
• John Baptist, St., [48], [116]
• John, King, [79], [80]
• John of Salisbury, [57], [68]
• Johnson, Dr. S., [195], [299]
• Jonson, Ben, [81], [151], [161], [165], [166]
• Jorevin, M., [210]
• ‘Judith,’ an Anglo-Saxon poem, [19]
• Justices of the Peace, [127], [137], [142], [146]
• Katharine of Arragon, [92]
• Kenilworth, [148]
• Kentish ale, [130]
• Kerr, Dr. Norman, [382]
• Kethe, W., [118], [154]
• King’s Head, [131], [197]
• Kingsley, C., [380]
• Kingston-upon-Thames, [118]
• Kirkham, Walter de, [83]
• Kit-cat, [250]
• Knight, Charles, [345]
• Knitting cup, [124]
• Knock-me-down, [333]
• Lamb, Charles, [176], [321]
• Lamb-ales, [81]
• Lambarde, W., [60]
• Lambeth, [49]
• Lambswool, [72], [148]
• Lanfranc, [56]
• Langton, Archbishop, [84]
• Laud, [200]
• ‘Lawn sleeves,’ [87]
• Lawrence, S. (Reading), [51]
• Lawson, Sir W., [371], [383]
• League of the Holy Cross, [382]
• Leet-ales, [81]
• Legislation, [36], [78], [184], [185], [337], [357]
• Leicester, Countess of, [90]
• Leicester, Earl of, [148], [158]
• Lesbos, [131]
• Licensing, [183], [185], [206], [219], [344]
• Liebig, [377]
• Lincoln, [142]
• Lindsay, Sir David, [136]
• Liquamen, [38]
• Liveries, [111]
• Llywarch, Hên., [16]
• Local option, [371]
• London, [142]
• London ale, [96], [97]
• Long beards, [167]
• Lonsdale, Lord, [289]
• Lords’ committee, [293]
• Loseley manuscripts, [135]
• Lydgate, John, [119]
• Lyon-drunk, [152]
• Macaulay, Lord, [225], [228], [237], [255]
• Mad dog, [148]
• Magee, Bishop, [375]
• Malaga, [132]
• Malmsey, [67], [121], [126], [131], [189]
• Malt, [88], [93], [145], [338]
• Malt-worms, [180]
• Malvesie, [120]
• Mapes, Walter, [69]
• March ale, [148], [264]
• Marisco, Richard de, [83]
• Marlowe, [165]
• Marmion, Shakerly, [167]
• Marriage ceremony, [274]
• Martin, St., [59], [73]
• Martin-drunk, [153]
• Mary, St. (Reading), [52]
• Mary, Queen, [143]
• Maudlen-drunk, [152]
• May games, [85]
• Maypole, [85]
• Mazarine, Duchess of, [229]
• Mazers, [124], [186]
• Mead, [3], [15], [21], [22], [30]
• Mead-mowings, [312]
• Mermaid, the, [151]
• Metheglin, [3], [4], [209], [225]
• Methuin treaty, [250]
• Michael, St., [44], [48]
• Midsummer-ales, [81], [312]
• Mild ale, [22]
• Mill, John Stuart, [373]
• Milton, [202], [203]
• Minstrels, [149]
• Misericord, [39]
• Misson, M., [248]
• Mites of wine, [86]
• Mitre, the, [198]
• Moggins, [186]
• Mohun, Lord, [256]
• Monachism, [35], [38], [39], [89]
• Monasteries, [22], [30], [64], [75], [129]
• Monk, General, [161], [225]
• Monmouth, Duke of, [241]
• Montgomery, James, [345]
• Morat, [49], [58]
• Morton, Archbishop, [129]
• Moselle, [222]
• Mountain wine, [314]
• Mourning Crown, the, [201]
• Muggle, [178]
• Mug-houses, [281]
• Mum, [221], [224]
• Muscadell, [67], [91], [120], [235]
• Myrk, John, instructions for parish priests, [106]
• Nairne, Baroness, [347]
• Naogeorgus, [154]
• Nash, T., [165], [388]
• National Temperance League, [382]
• Netherlands, the, [247]
• Neville, Archbishop, [121]
• Newcastle, [142]
• Nicholson, James, [205]
• Nicking, [62]
• Niebuhr, [54]
• Nippitatum, [154]
• Nordhome, [60]
• Normans, the, [55]
• North, Roger, [217]
• Northcote, Sir Stafford, [384]
• Northumberland, Earl of, [128]
• Norwich, [142]
• Nunneries, [38]
• Obbæ, [30]
• Occleve, [112], [151]
• October ale, [264], [297]
• Ofener, [171]
• Okebrook, [116]
• O’Keefe, John, [329]
• Olave, St., [48]
• Oldcastle, Sir John, [208]
• Oldham, John, [222]
• Orange, Prince of, [226]
• Organs, [209]
• Orleance, [170]
• Osey, [91], [108], [120]
• Oxford, [142]
• — ale, [273]
• — Earl of, [255]
• Pachomius, [38]
• Paganalia, [25], [40]
• Pageants, [219]
• Parmizant, [176]
• Parnell, T., [277]
• Parr, Dr., [232], [340]
• Patton, Colonel Wilson, [363]
• Peckham, Archbishop, [88]
• Peel, Sir R., [353]
• Peg-tankards (see ‘Pins’), [61], [62]
• Perlin, Stephen, [138]
• Permissive Bill, [367], [371]
• Perry, [209]
• Peterborough, [58]
• Peter of Blois, [68], [69]
• Peters, Hugh, [206]
• Pharaoh, old, [333]
• Philip and Mary, [143]
• Philips, John, [267]
• Phillips, J. O. Halliwell, [163]
• Piggins, [186]
• Piment, [21], [23], [29], [49], [58], [77], [91]
• Pins, drinking to, [36], [61]
• Pitt, [316], [323], [325]
• Playfair, W., [336]
• Pledging, [42], [74], [139]
• Plough, the, [197]
• Plowman, Vision of Piers, [105]
• Poet’s Head, the, [201]
• Poore, Richard, Bishop of Sarum, [82]
• Poor rates, [117]
• Pope, [87], [216], [267]
• Porson, [326]
• Port, [324]
• Porter, [272], [273]
• Possets, [162]
• Powlett, Sir Amias, [133]
• Priests, [37]
• Pril-wril, [48]
• Prior, [263]
• Prisa, [78], [86], [88]
• Probus, his revocation of the edict of Domitian, [6]
• Prohibition, [204], [206]
• Protectorate, [209]
• Prounet-cups, [187]
• Pryme, G., [318]
• Public-house Regulation Act, [343]
• Pulteney, [294]
• Punch, [312], [313], [321]
• Purl, [314]
• Pymme, Mr., [207]
• Quin, James, [297]
• Rainbow, the, [216]
• Rake’s progress, [306]
• Raleigh, Sir Walter, [151]
• Raspis, [147]
• Rechabites, [382]
• Resolution House, [240]
• Resolution, the, [245]
• Restoration, the, [219]
• Revenue, [336], [385]
• Reynolds, Sir J., [302]
• Rhenish wine, [67], [108]
• Rich, Barnaby, [178]
• Richard I., [73], [77]
• Richard II., [108]
• — III., [125]
• Richardson, Dr. B. W., [301], [382]
• — Judge, [200]
• Ridley, Bishop, [143]
• Rigbie, J., [211]
• Rochelle, [91], [142]
• Rochester, Earl of, [227]
• Rockingham, [65]
• Rosa solis, [147]
• Rosee Pasqua, [215]
• Rose, Mount, [91]
• Rose, the, [198], [265]
• Roundheads, [213]
• Rowena, [12]
• Roxburghe Club, [313]
• Roxburghe revels, [313]
• Rum, [241]
• Rummer, the, [263]
• Rumney, [67], [91], [120]
• Ruskin, [380]
• Russin, [90]
• Rylands, Mr. Peter, [367]
• Ryswick, Peace of, [250]
• Sack, [67], [113], [132], [170], [189], [260]
• Sackville, Charles, [228]
• Sala, Mr. A., [375]
• Salisbury, [142]
• Saloop, [273]
• Salutation and Cat, [321]
• Salvian, [9]
• Samuelson, Mr., [366]
• Santlac, [59]
• Savage, R., [298]
• Saxony, wines of, [78]
• Scóp, [10]
• Scot-ales, [81], [84]
• Scott, Sir W., [56], [64], [74], [80], [305]
• Sedley, Sir C., [222], [228]
• Selwyn-Ibbetson, Sir H., [367]
• Sévigné, Madame de, [217]
• Shakespeare, [47], [49], [151], [156]
• Sheep-drunk, [152]
• Shenstone, [304]
• Sheridan, [315], [323], [343]
• Sherlock, [156]
• Sherry, [67]
• Ship, the, [198]
• Shirley, Sir A., [215], [241]
• Shrewsbury, [142]
• Signboards, [7], [41]
• Simeon, Rev. C., [317]
• Skelton, John, [135]
• Skinner, Cyriac, [203]
• Smith, Mr. J. Abel, [367]
• Smith, Sydney, [346]
• Snowdon, the Barons of, [85]
• Sodalitates, [53]
• Somerville, [297]
• Somes, Mr. J., [366]
• Sops, [124]
• Southampton, [142], [185]
• Southey, [336]
• Southwell, [320]
• Spain, wines of, [108]
• Spencer, [156]
• Spirits, [133], [171], [310]
• Stabbing while drinking, [47]
• Stanhope, Earl, [371]
• Stapleton, Bishop, [93]
• Star, the, [198]
• Stavenby, Bishop, [83]
• Steele, R., [262]
• Stevenson, Mr., [371]
• Stickback, [333]
• Still, Bishop, [139]
• Stirrup-cup, [144]
• Stratford-on-Avon, [163]
• Stubbes, Philip, [139], [153]
• Stum, [67]
• Succession, war of, [252]
• Suein, [59]
• Sunday closing, [118], [269], [364], [371]
• Surrey, Earl of, [136]
• Sweyne, [44], [52], [58]
• Swift, J., [295]
• Swine-drunk, [152]
• Swithin’s, St., Priory, [89]
• Symposii ænigmata, [20]
• Tabarde Inn, [98]
• Tait, Archbishop, [369]
• Taliesin, [16]
• Tankards, [187]
• Tarrings, [91]
• Taverns, [29], [36], [37], [38], [41], [47], [64], [127], [135], [184], [197], [209], [274], [278]-[282], [298], [303], [336]
• Taylor, Jeremy, [202]
• — John, [201]
• Tea, [231], [300], [307]
• Temperance societies, [355]
• Templars, Good, [382]
• Temple, Sir W., [230]
• Tenedos, [131]
• Tennyson, A., [383]
• Thackeray, [275]
• Thatched House Tavern, [342]
• Theodore, Archbishop, [27]
• Theodulf, [47]
• Theologicum, [147]
• Thompson, Sir H., [382]
• Thomson, [33], [327]
• Thoresby, Archbishop, [41], [123]
• Thornbury Castle, [128]
• Thorney, [59]
• Threads, three, [272], [333]
• Tippling Act, [291]
• Tire, [147]
• Tithe-ale, [81]
• Toast, [177], [283]
• Toasting, [7], [8], [12], [39], [42], [44], [48], [124], [131], [152], [178], [190], [210], [211], [239], [247], [282], [348]
• Tobacco, [209], [214]
• Tokay, [171]
• Townley, Rev. J., [307]
• Tradesmen, [319]
• Trevelyan, G. O., [324]
• Trinity College, Cambridge, [266]
• Trumpet, the, [262]
• Tuck, Friar, [75]
• Tusser, Thomas, [168]
• Twango, [179]
• Universities, the, [316]
• Upsy-Freeze, [176]
• Usher, [202]
• Verjuice, [120]
• Vernage, [91], [146]
• Victoria, Queen, [358]
• Villiers, C. P., [361]
• Villiers, George, [227]
• Vines, [6], [7], [21], [58]
• Vine, the, [198]
• Vineyards, [21], [22], [59], [60], [65], [79], [92], [223], [341]
• Wakes, [37], [40], [116], [199], [312]
• Waller, Edmund, [230], [231], [232]
• Walpole, [295]
• Walter, Hubert, his canons, [76]
• Waltheof, [56]
• Ward, Ned, [264]
• Ward, S., [179]
• Ware, [58]
• Warenne, Earls of, [125]
• Warham, Archbishop, [97], [130]
• Warmth from alcohol, [310]
• Warwick, Guy, Earl of, [231]
• Wassail, [131]
• Wassail-bowl, [39], [193]
• Wassailing, [131], [178]
• Weaver, Thomas, [205]
• Weddyn-ale, [81]
• Welsh ale, [22], [23], [46]
• Wenceslaus, St., [47]
• Westminster, [58], [142]
• Weymouth, Lord, [325]
• Whiskins, [186]
• Whitaker, Dr. T., [213]
• Whitbread, [314]
• Whitsun-ale, [81], [116], [312]
• Wilfrid, [25]
• William I., [56], [61]
• — II., [61]
• — III., [241], [249]
• — IV., [348]
• Winchester, [89], [142]
• Window-beer, [125]
• Windsor, [59], [109]
• Wine, [5], [6], [7], [21], [22], [30], [46], [366]
• Wither, G., [176], [177]
• Wolfe, General, [160]
• Wolsey, [133], [143]
• Women, drink amongst, [275]
• Woodville, Elizabeth, [92]
• Worcester, [142]
• Wordsworth, [334]
• World’s End, the, [198]
• Wormwood, [67]
• Worsley, Sir R., [341]
• Wulfrid, [22]
• Wulstan, [57]
• Wyther, [53], [176]
• Xeres, [132]
• Yard of ale, [237]
• Young, E., [307]
• — T., [178]
• Younge, R., [219]
• Yule, [23], [74]
• Zosimus, [68]

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Transcriber’s Note: minor amendments to spelling, hyphenation and punctuation have been made for consistency.