Adverbs of Place.
Within, here, endwise, straight, upright; in tho yma, ofeun, tu fewn, insyth, cyfing, ar inion; endon, entautha, orthos, stenos, en brachei, eiso; intus, introrsum, hic, vere, arrecte, strictim, anguste. Within, intho, endon, intus and introrsum, signify the line of man’s existence, as his house, possession, or the part of space occupied by him, or taken up by his extension; endwise towards the sky or bounds of view; cyfin, shut close together, in length without breadth; strait, aright, arrecte and strictim, to be shut or pent up from roving to and fro; orthos, the possessions within the borders; stenos, to be within the possessions; en brachei, in the high country; inion, in the line; in syth, in the place standing upon; here, the length possessed by one; hic, him acting; ima, man or the line in the centre of existences or things; entautha, things in possession; eiso, within the circle or borders of the possessions.
Above, aloft, atop, upwards, lengthwise, longwise; uchod, bri, ar hyd, ar fynu, ar dyn, ar hir bell; uperthen, ano, elkedon; supra, sursum, sublime, tractim, longule. Tractim, the sun’s property of drawing upwards, above, from or beyond the bounds of view; bri, the high country or the firmament part; ar fynu, upon the upright; ar hyd, upon the length; ar dyn, upon the sun’s attracting property, or upon a draft; uperthen, the upper part of the line of possession; elkedon, the line of fire drawing upwards; ano, the sky; supra, above the earth; sursum, above the part possessed, or man standing up; sublime, up in the region of light; aloft, high from or above the part possessed; atop, at the top or the sky; upwards, upon the spring up; up, the spring of p.
Beneath, below, aground, down, under; isod, obri, tan, ilawr; upo, upenerthe, arden; sub, subter, humi, deorsum, funditus. Isod, below the circle of possessions; ilawr, to the ground; arden, from being up; funditus the bottom; deorsum and humi, from or below the part a man is upon; the rest are explained under the prepositions.
Out, without, outwards, abroad, of, from, around; o, allan, oddiallan, o amglych; exo, ektos, exothen, thurase, amphi; ex, foras, circum, extrorsum. Extrorsum, out of the border of a man’s inhabited possessions; allan, above the place inhabited; O, the circle of possessions; around, the circle of the earth inhabited; abroad, from the neighbourhood; foras, below the part of the circle; exothen, out of the inhabited possessions; the rest are explained under the prepositions.
Before, facing, onwards, forwards, ahead, throughly; mlaen, rhagbron, ir trwyn, oflaen, peneithaf; pros, porro, panuge; coram, prorsum, porro, penitus. Before, the part from man’s view; facing, the part seen in action; porro, the part from; prorsum, the part from man’s standing or being; coram, the border of the possessions; peneithaf and penitus, the farthest end; ir trwyn, to the end of the possessions.
Behind, astern, after all; in ol, yn olaf; ta ustata; postremo. Yn ol, in the shade of the man in possession; yn olaf its superlative degree; after all, off the possession of the shade; astern, below the possessions upon; behind, to be at the back; postremo, the last part of the place possessed; ta ustata, the last possessions.
Near, nigh; agos; engus; prope. Prope, the part from; agos, engus, and nigh, the first motion or action from; near, in the part upon.
Far, far away; o lar bid, imhell, hirbell; porrothen, apothen, makran; longe, procul, ultra, ulterius, eminus. These signify beyond the neighbourhood or the part inhabited upwards and sideways; as far, from the part upon; o lar byd, from the dwelling place; imhell, out of the sight upon the line of life; hirbell, very much so; porrothen, a part from the place inhabited; longe, an extensive place; procul, the upper country; ultra and ulterius, the country seen above.
Amongst, amidst, intermixedly, astray, largely, widely, hither and thither; rhong, rhoth, amisg, ar led, inganol, ima a thraw; metaxu, ana meson, deuro, kakeise, plateos, dapsilos; large, late, intermixte, ample, medie, huc atque illuc. Amysg, amidst, amongst, metaxu and intermixte, separating the things in the lower circle of possessions; astray, acting below the possessions; hither and thither, from the part possessed to the firmament; rhong, dividing the things within the circle of possession; inganol, inclosing all; ar lêd, large, late, upon a wide place at large about the ground; ima a thraw the part upon, and that from; dapsilos, the coasts from the part upon; rhoth and euros, the extension of the particles of light below; medie, dividing the parts possessed, as earth and water; huc atque illuc, to the man in possession, and him out of possession, the race of man or him in the sky; ample, the place about.
There, thereabout; yno, aco, o amgylch; ekei, autothi; illic, ibi. There, upon T or in the firmament; illic, ibi, and circiter, the firmament; os, osonte, ekei and autothi, the circle of the possessions in the sky; y no, aco and o amgylch, the circle of the possessions about a man.
Hence; oddiyma; enthende; hinc. Oddiyma, from the possessions about a man; hinc and hence, from him in possession or action; enthende, from the part in possession.
Thence; oddiyno; autothen; illinc. Illinc, from the place in the firmament here; thence, from the sky; O ddiyno and autothen, from the possessions yonder. Hither, hitherward, homeward, toward this way, hitherto, hereabout; tu ima, tu ac ima, fordd ima, dyro; proseti, entha, deuro, mechri, taute; huc, adhuc, hactenus, horsum, aliquorsum, retro, erga, versus. Tu ima, this side of the possessions; tu ac ima, the side of the possessions acting here; fordd ima, the way to these possessions; hyd yma, upon the length here; proseti, the part from to the possessions; entha, into the possessions; dyro and deuro, acting or coming here; mechri, about acting into the possessions; taute, the possession from that of man; huc and adhuc, acting towards man; hactenus, that part into possession; horsum, he from, to where man is; aliquorsum, another, which is from, to where man is; retro, returning from the possessions from; hither, from the firmament here; towards and the rest signify upon the spring to or home.
Thither, thitherto, that way; tu aco, fordd aco; ekeise, tede, ode; illuc, istuc. Thither and thitherto, from the sky or top of T, to the possessions at its bottom; tu aco, to the possessions from the sky; ekeise, from the possessions in the sky lower; tede, from the high possessions at T; ode, from the circle of T; illuc, from the place of light hither; istuc, from the place above to the lower possessions.
Where, somewhere, any where, whither, somewhither, which way, wherein, whereto; pale, ible, tuafle, i riw le, tua riw le, i riw fan; pou, poi, poi ti ophelos, epiachou, pothi; ubi, quid, quo, quoquo, quorsum, aliquo, aliquorsum, alicubi, uspiam. Where, somewhere and any where, acting or springing upwards from the part one is upon; whither, somewhither, wherein, whereto and which way, acting upwards from one part, place or possession to another; the Welsh signify, what place, to what place, towards what place, to one place and to some place, and are fully explained elsewhere; poi and pou the part from up; poi ti ophelos, the part from up, towards what or some place; epiachou, from the part acting upwards; pothi, the part from the possessions; ubi, springing to the high parts; quo, from upwards; quorsum, from the place of man’s existence upwards; aliquorsum, from another place of man’s existence upwards; alicubi and uspiam, from the part of man’s existence upwards above the sky.
Elsewhere; yn lle arall, yn yr uchelder; allachou, allathi; alibi. Elsewhere, from the lower place to the upper firmament; yn lle aral, in another or high place; yn yr uchelder, in the firmament; allachou, in the place above; allathi, in the high possessions; alibi, the high firmament.
Across, askant, askew, awry, aslant, aslope, athwart, crosswise, traverse, oblique; yn groes, ar wyr, ar osgo, ar draws, ar gam; plagios, parableden, endiastrophos; oblique, ex obliquo, torte. Torte is a top one on the upright line; oblique, from being an upright line; endiastrophos, an horizontal or meridian line; parableden, a traverse or contrary to an upright line; plagios, a plane one; ar gam, one upon the superficies of the earth; ar draws, one upon the traverse; ar osgo, upon the slope; ar wyr, from an upright; traverse, turned towards the surface; athwart, at the earth part; aslope, low to the place part; aslant, low towards the ground; awry, from an upright spring; askew, acting lower than the spring; askant, acting low towards the ground.
Apart, asunder, aside, besides, separately, severally, apiece; urtho i hun, ar neilldu, ar ben i hun, heb lau hyn, ar ddidol; choris, idia, kath ekaston, epi toutois, alla te; seorsim, seperatim, singulatim, præterea. Apart, a divided piece of earth or thing; asunder, the ground under; aside, the part by the side; separate, a part of the earth or thing out of or below the possessions; several, below the high spring; urtho i hun, a man by the side of the possessions; ar neill du, upon the other side; ar ben i hun, at his own end; heb lau hyn, without the assistance of this hand; ar ddidol, upon the division of place or culling; choris, below the borders; idia, the divided part; kath ekaston, by himself below the possessions; epi toutois, above the extent of the lower possessions; alla te, the upper or another possession; seorsim, below the circle or borders of the parts possessed; singulatim, the low inhabitant beholding or contemplating immensity; præterea, before the possessions of earth and water.
Everywhere; pob, pob lle, pob man; pantachou; ubique. These seem to express space, as pob, the parts from; pob lle and pob man, the parts of extension and existence of matter; pantachou, all upwards; ubique, beyond the higher parts, though inadequate to the ideas of space or extension.
No where; nid yn un man, nid yn un lle; oudame, oudamou; nusquam. These signify in no part or place, or the negatives of where, which have been already explained.