Cross Shot Weaving
We have so far confined our remarks to webs made on single shuttle looms. Turning our attention to the use of more than one bank of shuttles we would first make note of what is known as the cross shot. This is a form of weaving which largely increases the output and has in it the further element of economy, inasmuch as by this method the rubber warp can be worked at a much higher tension than by the single shuttle method.
In the construction of single shuttle webs, the rubber harness rises and falls at each passage of the shuttle across the shed. This movement creates a friction on the rubber thread at the harness eye and an added friction at the front reed by its passing up and down in the dent. Friction is still further increased by the backward and forward movement of the lay, which makes two such passages to one made by the cross shot.
In the cross shot method, the rubber remains stationary, with no upward and downward motion, which enables the rubber thread to be stretched out to its extreme limit while weaving, with little danger of chafing or breaking. Over and under this stationary rubber are two distinct sheds, one making the upper and the other the lower cloth. These two fabrics are stitched together by the binder warp, which travels up and down through both of these sheds.
In order to keep all the warp threads uniformly tight while shedding, it is necessary to run these under separate back rolls, fixed at different heights, properly centering the upper and lower sheds with the harness and breast beams.