ILLUSTRATIONS.

[A Scene in Egypt.]
[Coast of the Red Sea.]
[View in Jeddah, on the Red Sea.]
[Captain Burton in Native Dress.]
[Encampment of Pilgrims at Mount Arafat, near Mecca.]
[View of Medina (from a Drawing by a Native Artist).]
[Scene near Suez.]
[Travelling in the Sinai Desert.]
[A Shop in Suez.]
[The Northern End of the Gulf of Suez.]
["Ayoon Moosa"—the Wells of Moses.]
[Preaching in a Mosque.]
[A Landing-place on the Fresh-water Canal.]
[Oriental Ships of Ancient Times.]
[Ferdinand De Lesseps.]
[Suez Canal and Eastern Egypt.]
[Night Scene on Lake Menzaleh.]
[Camel and Young.]
[Desert Scene in Eastern Egypt.]
[The Modern Shadoof.]
[An Ancient Shadoof.]
[A Sakkieh, or Water-wheel.]
[A Ploughman at Work.]
[An Ancient Plough.]
[An Egyptian Thrashing-machine.]
[Ancient Process of Treading out the Corn.]
[Egyptian Lentils.]
[The Pyramids.]
[A Question of Backsheesh.]
[A Street in Cairo.]
[A Projecting Window.]
[A Caliph of Egypt on his Throne.]
[Part of Old Cairo.]
[A Peddler of Jewellery.]
[A Lady in Street Dress.]
[A Woman Carrying Water.]
[The Fountain of a Mosque.]
[A Beggar at the Way-side.]
[A Man Carrying his Keys.]
[An Oriental Band of Music.]
[The Nay (Flute) and Case.]
[Ancient Egyptian Playing the Nay.]
[The Tamboora.]
[A Darabookah.]
[Coffee-pot and Cups.]
[Oriental Shopkeeper Examining his Books.]
[Interior of a Caravansary.]
[Gate-way of a Caravansary.]
[A Street in a Bazaar at Cairo.]
[Shopping Scene in the Hamzowee.]
[Eastern Necklaces.]
[Weighing Gold in the Jewellers' Bazaar.]
[Kitchen Utensils.]
[Basin and Ewer.]
[Bottle for Rose-water.]
[Oriental Guns.]
[Bab-el-Nasr.]
[Street Scene near the Bab-el-Nasr.]
[The Mosque of Tooloon.]
[Mihrab, Pulpit, and Candlestick in a Mosque.]
[A Begging Dervish.]
[A Whirling Dervish.]
[Performance of the Whirling Dervishes.]
[A Whirler in full Action.]
[Arabic Writing, with Impression of a Seal.]
[Scene in a Primary School.]
[Instruction at Home.]
[Entrance to the El-Azhar.]
[Professors of the El-Azhar.]
[The Citadel, Cairo, with Mosque of Mohammed Ali.]
[View from the Citadel, Cairo.]
[The Tombs of the Caliphs.]
[The Tomb of Keit Bey.]
[The Ferry at Old Cairo.]
[The Dress of an Egyptian King. Form of Crown and Aprons.]
[Menes.]
[Rameses II., from an Inscription.]
[Meneptah, the supposed Pharaoh of the Exodus.]
[The Name of Egypt in Hieroglyphics.]
[Ptolemy in Hieroglyphics.]
[The Rosetta Stone, with Specimen Lines from the Inscription.]
[Specimens of the Three Forms of Writing Used by the Egyptians.]
[Dedication of the Pylon of a Temple.]
[Egyptian Sculptors at Work.]
[Wooden Statue Found at Sakkara.]
[Wooden Dolls.]
[Children's Toys.]
[Positions in Playing Ball.]
[Balls of Leather and Porcelain.]
[Playing Ball Mounted.]
[Playing Checkers.]
[Sand-bag Exercise.]
[A Bull-fight.]
[Goddesses of Truth and Justice.]
[The Name of Apis, an Egyptian God, in Hieroglyphics.]
[King and Queen Offering to the Gods.]
[Different Forms of Mummy Cases.]
[Transporting a Mummy on a Sledge.]
[Goddess of Truth, with her Eyes Closed.]
[Lady's Head-dress on a Mummy Case.]
[Rings, Bracelets, and Scarabæi.]
[Stone Scarabæus with Wings.]
[Jeweller with Blow-pipe.]
[Egyptian Goldsmiths (from a Painting at Thebes).]
[Golden Baskets (from the Tomb of Rameses III.).]
[Dresses of Women of Ancient Egypt.]
[Camels and their Burdens.]
[Old Mode of Transport on the Nile.]
[Near View of the Pyramids.]
[The Battle of the Pyramids.—"Forty centuries look down on you".]
[Egyptian Captives Employed at Hard Labor.]
[Removing Stone from the Quarries.]
[Cutting and Squaring Blocks of Stone.]
[Section of the Great Pyramid.]
[The Sphinx.]
[The Sphinx by Moonlight.]
[Egyptian Captives Making Bricks.]
[Ploughing and Sowing.]
[Taking it Easy.]
[A Hunting Scene.]
[Bronze Figure of Apis.]
[Huntsman with Dogs and Game.]
[An Arched Tomb at Sakkara.]
[Central Room of the Bath.]
[The Man who didn't Like it.]
[The Barber.]
[The Bath among the Ancient Egyptians.]
[A Khatibeh, or Marriage-broker.]
[Preparing for the Wedding.]
[A Marriage Procession at Night.]
[Unveiling the Bride.]
[Blind Musicians among the Ancient Egyptians.]
[View on the Nile near Cairo.]
[Ancient Boat on the Nile.]
[A Village on the Bank of the River.]
[General View of an Eastern City.]
[A Plague of Flies.]
[A Kangia.]
[The Captain.]
[A Gourd Raft.]
[The Raft seen from Below.]
[View on a Sugar Plantation.]
[Interior of a Sugar-mill.]
[A Secure Point of View.]
[Interior of a Tomb at Beni-Hassan.]
[Section of a Tomb.]
[Spinning and Weaving.]
[Artists at Work.]
[Fishing Scene at Beni-Hassan.]
[An Ancient Donkey.]
[A Respectable Citizen.]
[An Old Inhabitant.]
[A Scene near Sioot.]
[A Scene in the Bazaars.]
[Room in an Oriental House.]
[An Oriental Gentleman.]
[An Egyptian Lamp.]
[Pigeon-houses.]
[The Oriental Pigeon.]
[A Watchman's Booth.]
[Inflated Skin Raft (from Assyrian Sculpture).]
[An Ancient Life-preserver.]
[Modern "Keleks," or Skin Rafts.]
[Girgeh.]
[Scene during the Inundation.]
[A Camel on his way to Pasture.]
[Heads of Captives of Rameses II.]
[A Lunch-party of Other Days.]
[Ancient Potters at Work.]
[Ancient Vases, Cups, and Water-jars.]
[Date-palms, near Keneh.]
[Ancient Dancers and Musicians.]
[A Modern Musician.]
[An Egyptian King on his Throne.]
[Front of the Temple at Denderah.]
[Egyptian Prince Carried in a Palanquin.]
[A Complete Egyptian Temple.]
[A "Baris," or Funeral-boat.]
[An Egyptian War-chariot of Ancient Times.]
[Luxor from the Water.]
[Entrance to the Temple of Luxor.]
[Approach to Karnak from Luxor.]
[The Great Hall of Karnak.]
[Grand Court-yard of the Temple.]
[A Body of Archers.]
[Making a List of Captives.]
[Obelisk and part of Grand Hall at Karnak.]
[Egyptian Soldiers.]
[Dry Footing.]
[Ruins in Old Thebes.]
[Grand Hall of the Memnonium.]
[View in the Memnonium, with Ruined Statue of Rameses the Great.]
[The Phalanx of the Sheta.]
[Medinet Aboo.]
[An Egyptian War-boat.]
[The Colossi during an Inundation.]
[Egyptian Priests clad in Leopard-skins.]
[Rear View of the Colossi, with Luxor in the Distance.]
[Sacred Musicians, and a Priest Offering Incense.]
[Valley of the Tombs of the Kings.]
[View in Belzoni's Tomb.]
[An Egyptian Harper.]
[A Chair from Bruce's Tomb.]
[Section of Papyrus.]
[Coffin and Mummy of a Royal Princess.]
[Coffin of Queen Nofretari.]
[Coffin of Rameses II.]
[An Oriental Lady at Home.]
[Eastern Ladies Listening to Music.]
[An Oriental Dancing Girl.]
[An Eastern Story-teller.]
[A Reception in a Harem.]
[Sculptures Mutilated by the Persians.]
[A Thing of Beauty.]
[View in the Temple of Edfoo.]
[Hagar Silsilis.]
[The Foot of the First Cataract.]
[The Ship of the Desert.]
[Bedouin Arabs with their Camel Herds.]
[Camels (from an Assyrian Sculpture).]
[A Bactrian Camel in Good Condition.]
[Foot and Stomach of the Camel.]
[Head of a Camel.]
[The Dromedary Regiment of Napoleon I.]
[View of Philæ from the Head of the Cataract.]
[The Bank of the River below Philæ.]
[Pharaoh's Bed and the Ruins of the Temple.]
[View from Philæ, looking Up the River.]
[The Papyrus Jungles of the Nile.]
[An Ancient Poultry-shop.]
[An Arab and his Camel.]
[Colossal Heads in Front of the Temple of Abou Simbel.]
[Public Square at Khartoom.]
[Egyptian Soldiers on Camels.]
[The Barrage of the Nile.]
[General View of Alexandria.]
[Cleopatra's Needle at Alexandria.]
[Pompey's Pillar.]
[View of Alexandria from the Sea.]
[Front of an Eastern Summer-house.]
[One of the Dragomen.]
[Joppa.]
[A Second-class Horse.]
[The City Gate of Jaffa.]
[Women at a Well.]
[Public Fountain at Jerusalem.]
[One of the Wells of Beersheba, with its Watering-troughs.]
[Interior of a Cistern.]
[Cistern Under the Temple of Jerusalem.]
[A Syrian Horseman.]
[The Tower of Ramleh (from Thomson's "The Land and the Book").]
[Road in the Foot-hills.]
[View of Jerusalem from the East.]
[Plan of Jerusalem.]
[The Church of the Holy Sepulchre.]
[Ground-plan of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre.]
[The Holy Sepulchre.]
[Ancient Arch in Jerusalem.]
[Arms of Jerusalem.]
[Knights of St Catherine.]
[The Via Dolorosa.]
[The Damascus Gate.]
[View of the Mosque of Omar and the Mount of Olives.]
[Wall at South-east Corner of the Temple Area.]
[Wailing-place of the Jews.]
[The Pool of Bethesda.]
[The Pool of Siloam.]
[Quarries Under Jerusalem.]
[View on the Mount of Olives.]
[Gethsemane.]
[A Sycamore-tree.]
[The Road from Jerusalem to Bethlehem.]
[The Tomb of Rachel.]
[Entrance to Bethlehem.]
[View in Bethlehem.]
[Interior of the Church of the Nativity.]
[The Place of the Nativity.]
[The Manger.]
[Adoration of the Wise Men.]
[The Flight into Egypt.]
[An Arab Encampment.]
[A Bedouin Sheik.]
[Modern Bedouins of Mount Sinai.]
[Scene in the Wilderness.]
[An Arab Guard in Palestine.]
[Mar Saba (from Thomson's "The Land and the Book").]
[Russian Pilgrims in the Holy Land.]
[Road to the Dead Sea.]
[The Dead Sea from the North.]
[Map of the Dead Sea.]
[Lynch's Expedition to the Dead Sea.]
[Lynch's Levelling Party.]
[The Cavern of Usdum.]
[Reeds and Rushes on the Jordan.]
[An Arab Skirmish in the Land of Moab.]
[Bathing-place of the Pilgrims (from Thomson's "The Land and the Book").]
[Source of the Jordan.]
[Passage of the Israelites.]
[Map of the Jordan.]
[Recent Aspect of the Plain of Jericho.]
[Ain-es-Sultan, or Fountain of Elisha (from Thomson's "The Land and the Book").]
[The Village of Bethany.]
[The Hotel-keeper.]
[Scene on the Overland Route from Jerusalem.]
[By Babel's Stream.]
[The Grapes of Eshcol.]
[Hebron.]
[Street Scene in Bireh.]
[A Native Group at a Fountain.]
[Beasts of Burden.]
[Roof of a House in Nabulus.]
[The Woman of Samaria.]
[View of Nabulus.]
[An Ancient Olive-press.]
[Women Working an Olive-press.]
[Ancient Lamps (Matt. xxv. 1).]
[Modern Lamps.]
[Samaritans Bearing Tribute—an Assyrian Sculpture (2 Kings xvii. 3).]
[Sebustieh, the Ancient Samaria.]
[View of Jenin, the Ancient Engannim.]
[Map of the Valley of Esdraelon.]
[The Plan of Nazareth.]
[View of Nazareth.]
[The Annunciation.]
[The Country near Nazareth, with the Town in the Distance.]
[Home of a Cave-hermit in Palestine.]
[Mount Tabor.]
[Distant View of Kefr Kenna.]
[The City and Lake of Tiberias.]
[Map of the Sea of Galilee.]
[Magdala and Plain of Gennesaret.]
[Herod's Plan of Attack.]
[Battle with the Robbers.]
[A Galilee Fishing-boat.]
[Ruins at Tell Hum.]
[View of the Lake from the Western Shore.]
[The Rock Partridge.]
[The Plain of Huleh.]
[Huts near Lake Huleh.]
[An Army of Kedesh.]
[Head-spring of the Jordan near Hasbeiyah.]
[Map of the Sources of the Jordan.]
[Terebinth-tree at Banias.]
[Substructions of the Castle of Banias.]
[View from the Castle of Banias.]
[A Street in Damascus.]
[General View of Damascus.]
[Interior of a House in Damascus.]
[Bedouin Camp near Damascus.]
[A Scene in Damascus.]
[Portrait of Abd-el-Kader.]
[Sword-blades of Damascus.]
[Damask Goods.]
[Attack on the Citadel of Damascus before the Invention of Gunpowder.]
[Paul Led into Damascus.]
[A Caravan near Damascus.]
[The River among the Rocks.]
[The Fijeh Source of the Abana.]
[The Ruins of Baalbec.]
[Modern Wine-press.]
[Bridge Over the Litany.]
[The Cedars of Lebanon.]
[View of Beyroot, looking toward the Harbor.]
[Mission School in Syria.]
[Fountain at Beyroot.]
[Lebanon.]

[Chapter I.]