FOOTNOTES
[1] Fox, Journal, I, 53.
[2] Now called Fenny Drayton (see Friends Library, I, 28).
[3] Fox, Journal, I, 49.
[4] Sewell, Hist., I, 11.
[5] Fox, Journal, I, 49.
[6] Ibid., 50.
[7] Sewell, Hist., I, 12.
[8] Fox, Journal, I, 51.
[9] Ibid., 52.
[10] Ibid., 53.
[11] Myers, A. C., Immigration of Irish Quakers into Pa., 5.
[12] Brown, in Traill, H. D., Social England, IV, 258.
[13] Ibid.
[14] Barclay, R., Inner life of Religious Societies of the Commonwealth, 77.
[15] Wicks, B. L., The Amish Mennonites, 13-18.
[16] Sewell, Hist., I, 284.
[17] Pa. Ger. Soc., IX, 166.
[18] Chalkley, Journal, Friends Library, VI, 27.
[19] Ibid.
[20] Besse, Sufferings of the Quakers, II, 450f.
[21] Pa. Ger. Soc., IX, 401.
[22] Pa. Mag. of Hist., II, 250; Seidensticker, Erste deutsche Einwanderung in Amerika, 29-33.
[23] Brown, J. in Traill, Soc. England, IV, 259.
[24] Ibid.
[25] Besse, J., Sufferings, II, 539-638.
[26] Fox, G., Journal, I, 73; also 264-265.
[27] Ibid., 71.
[28] Friends Lib., I, 129.
[29] Fox, G., Journal, II, 76f.
[30] Min. Middletown Mo. Mtg., 9-2-1699.
[31] Fox, Journal, II, 57.
[32] Friends Lib., I, 72.
[33] Fox, Journal, I, 53.
[34] Ibid., 72.
[35] Ibid., 69.
[36] Ibid., 327.
[37] Ibid., II, 105.
[38] Letters, London Yearly Meeting, 4-10, 14-1717.
[39] Friends Lib., I, 68.
[40] Ibid.
[41] Fox, Journal, I, 179.
[42] Ibid., 362.
[43] Ibid., 363.
[44] Fox, Journal, 11, 52f.
[45] Ibid.
[46] Ibid., 67.
[47] Friends Lib., I, 69.
[48] Friends Lib., 117.
[49] Ibid., 125.
[50] Min. Horsham Mo. Mtg., 3-1-1797.
Min. Horsham Preparative Mtg., 12-20-1757.
[51] Friends Yearbook, 1917, 16f.
[52] Friends Yearbook, 1917, 16f.
[53] Min. Phila. Q. Mtg., 9-4-1728.
[54] Ibid., 6-30-1689.
[55] Many of the local preparative meetings are now closed.
[56] Min. Horsham Prep. Mtg., 1-27-1783.
[57] Min. Horsham School Com., 1792-1816, one vol.
[58] Min. London Yearly Mtg., 4-9, 11-1690.
[59] Min. London Yearly Mtg., 4-1, 4-1691.
[60] Ibid., 3-13, 17-1695.
[61] Ibid., 4-7-1745.
[62] See [first chapter].
[63] Min. London Yearly Mtg., 4-10-1718.
[64] Fox, Journal, II, 57.
[65] Bib. of Ackworth School (Eng.), p. VII.
[66] History of Ayton School, 1f.
[67] Min. Middletown Mo. Mtg., 11-6-1750.
[68] Min. Middletown Mo. Mtg., 6-1-1751.
[69] Min. Darby Mo. Mtg., 1-28-1790.
[70] Min. Phila. Yearly Mtg., 7-24-1798.
[71] Min. Richland Mo. Mtg., 3-21-1793.
[72] Extracts Buckingham Mo. Mtg., 12-2-1776.
[73] The two localities at the first establishment constituted but one yearly meeting, which met at each place in alternate years.
[74] Cox, S. H., Quakerism, 56-57; for similar criticism, see Bugg, Francis, The Quakers Detected, etc.; also Bowden, History, II, 35, recognizes the criticisms made.
[75] Cox, S. H., Quakerism, 142-3.
[76] This point was further explained in [Chapter I].
[78] Penn, Advice to his Children in vol. of tracts, II, 20.
[79] Ibid.
[80] Penn, Letters to Wife and Children; Tracts on Moral and Religious subjects, pub. 1822, 6f.
[81] Penn, Letters to Wife and Children; Tracts on Moral and Religious subjects, pub. 1822, 6f.
[82] Friends Library, V, 208.
[83] Minutes Philadelphia Mo. Mtg., 7-30-1779, 151.
[84] Extracts London Yearly Meeting Minutes and Advices, pub. 1802, 124.
[85] Necessary for use of missionaries in foreign fields.
[86] Schools established in England.
[87] Barclay, Apology, II.
[88] Vaux, Memoirs of Benezet, 10-11.
[89] Vaux, Memoirs of Benezet, 13.
[90] Chapter on Negro Education, pp. [235f.]
[91] Letter to Samuel Fothergill. Friends Library, IX, 220.
[92] Ibid., 221.
[93] Ibid.
[94] Ibid.
[95] Vaux, Memoirs of Benezet, 15-16.
[96] Friends Library, IX, 221.
[97] Vaux, Memoirs, 105.
[98] See chapter on negro education, pp. [234f.]
[99] Woolman’s Works, 305-6.
[100] Ibid.
[101] Tuke, Works, III, 95ff.
[102] Corinthians, Chap. 2:1-5.
[103] Tuke, Works, III, 95ff.
[104] Ibid.
[105] The Christian Quaker, 181.
[106] Crouch, W., Collection of Papers of, 183.
[107] Wister, Sally, Journal, 13-14.
[108] Established 1754 (M. P. C. S., I, 117.)
[109] Ibid.
[110] Phipps, Original and Present State of Man, 90.
[111] Phipps, Original and Present State of Man, 65.
[112] Ibid., 90.
[113] Ibid.
[114] Budd, Good Order Established, p. 9.
[115] Budd, Good Order Established, p. 43ff.
[116] Budd, Good Order Established, p. 43ff.
[117] Ibid.
[118] Ibid.
[119] Ibid. Friends Library, I, 435.
[120] Summary of Doctrines of Friends, 23-24.
[121] Friends Library, I, 135; Accounts of expenditures from the J. Walton Fund, II, p. 1. (Richland Monthly Meeting.)
[122] Ibid.
[123] Religious Instructions in Our Schools. No. 9 of a vol. of pamphlets.
[124] In this chapter a chronological organization is followed.
[125] Quoted from Watson, Annals, I, 15. (From New Castle Records.) (Proud’s statement of the 24th is said by some to be a typographical error.) The writer has, however, examined Proud’s MS. notes on the Rise and Progress of the City of Philadelphia in which he writes: “The Honorable Proprietary and Governor of Pennsylvania, William Penn, first arrived at New Castle, on Delaware, in October 24th, 1682.” He also states “after the 11th month (January) with the assistance of his surveyor general, Thomas Holmes, he first began to lay out the plan of the City of Philadelphia.” (MS. No. 10, p. 1.) (These two statements point the difference of opinion among scholars, which is still unsettled.)
[126] Jenkins, Memorial Hist., I, 39.
[127] Ibid.
[128] Ibid., 30.
[129] Ibid., 37.
[130] Col. Rec., I, XXVI.
[131] Pub. Sch. established by law, 1834.
[132] Col. Rec., I, XXVI.
[133] Ibid., I, XXXVI.
[134] Ibid., LXVI.
[135] Ibid., XXXVI.
[136] For example, E. Flower’s School; Friends’ petition.
[137] Col. Rec., I, 36.
[138] Ibid., I, 93.
[139] See Charter of 1701, Col. Rec., II, 54.
[140] Ibid.
[141] G. S. P. P., II, 154 (Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 5-26-1689.)
[142] Stat. at Large of Pa., III, 37-38.
[143] Ibid., IV, 208-210.
[144] Ibid., I, 252. (Phila. Min.)
[145] When they established the school with Keith as teacher.
[146] Michener, Retrospect of Quakerism, 243.
[147] G. S. P. P., II, 154 (Phila. Min.); Proud MS. No. 3, p. 115.
[148] Ibid., I, 252. (Phila. Min.)
[149] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 5-26-1689.
[150] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 1-28-1690.
[151] Ibid., 3-29-1691.
[152] Ibid., 2-26-1690.
[153] Ibid.
[154] Ibid., 3-29-1691.
[155] Jenkins, Memorial Hist., I, 99.
[156] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 3-29-1691.
[157] Ibid., 11-29-1691.
[158] Ibid.
[159] Ibid., 3-29-1691; 9-27-1691; 11-29-1691; 7-29-1692.
[160] Ibid., 4-30-1693.
[161] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 8-30-1696; 7-25-1696.
[162] Janney, Life of Penn, 347; Clarkson’s Penn, II, 53; although biographers and historians mention this letter written to Lloyd, no student has yet been able to produce it or tell where it is. It is hoped that their search will be rewarded.
[163] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 10-31-1697.
[164] Ibid., 11-28-1697.
[165] Ibid.
[166] Col. Rec., I, 499.
[167] Col. Rec., I, 499.
[168] Ibid.; Janney, Life of Penn, 347.
[169] William Penn’s Charters for the Public School, pp. 1-8.
(A certified copy from charter in Patent Book two (2) page 202, in dept. of internal affairs, Pa.)
[170] Ibid., pp. 11-19.
[171] William Penn’s Charters for the Public School, pp. 21-31. (See also Robert Proud’s MS. papers, No. 175, p. 57.)
[172] In 1757 more extended privileges were desired and the following petition was sent to the Representative Assembly:
To the Rep. Assembly.
That some doubts having arisen whether from the terms of our charter we are authorized to apply any part of the estate under our care to these purposes, out of the limits of the city and county of Philadelphia.
We therefore are inclined to apply for your assistance in furthering a design of such public utility and request you to permit us to bring in a Bill for the confirmation of our present charter and enlarging the powers thereby given us, by extending them as far as to authorize our applying a part of the estate under our care towards erecting and maintaining schools on the same foundation in other parts of this province.
(P. C. S. M., I, 185)
[173] Ibid., 29f.; Janney, Life of Penn, 348.
[174] There are, no doubt, records at 304 Arch Street, which would be of great importance for a detailed history of the schools; permission to search for such records was refused at the time of this compilation. The minutes of the overseers of the P. C. S. offer a considerable amount of material history in some respects.
[175] These are the records referred to in (47).
[176] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 1-31-1699; 5-26-1700.
[177] Makin became principal in the school when Pastorius left in 1700.
[178] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 1-29-1700.
[179] Ibid., 8-31-1701.
[180] Ibid.
[181] Forty pounds a year.
[182] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 1-27-1702.
[183] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 6-27-1703.
[184] Ibid., 9-26-1703.
[185] Ibid., 4-26-1702.
[186] Ibid.
[187] Ibid., 1-29-1706.
[188] Ibid., 9-26-1708.
[189] Ibid., 3-27-1709; 1-26-1725.
[190] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 3-29-1730.
[191] The minutes of the overseers, 12-8-1712, make known that Robbins was teaching at that time, I, 3.
[192] Ibid., 3-27-1711.
[193] Ibid., 2-25-1712.
[194] Ibid., 8-28-1715.
[195] Ibid., 11-29-1719; the vacancy was made by the departure of William Robbins out of the Province (P. C. S. M., I, 5.)
[196] Ibid., 5-29-1720.
[197] Ibid., 2-27-1722.
[198] Min. Abington Mo. Mtg., 4-25-1711.
[199] Robbins was put in charge of the school at this time, on the initiative of the monthly meeting, as the overseers recognize in their minutes of 4-3-1725, 42; they acquiesced therein. (P. C. S. M., I, 11.)
[200] Min. Phila., Mo. Mtg., 2-24-1724.
[201] Ibid., 3-29-1730. Walby was engaged by the overseers in 1730 to teach (3-29-1730) the three r’s and to “well instruct” four children for the use of the schoolhouse. (P. C. S. M., I, 14).
[202] Am. Wek. Mer., Nov. 29-1733; Rec. Births and Burials, Phila., Mtg., A, 321.
[203] Benezet was employed in 1742 to teach arithmetic, writing, accounts, and French and to teach 15 poor children. (P. C. S. M., I, 33.)
[204] Simpson, Lives of —, 52; Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 5-31-1782, 28.
[205] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 5-31-1782, 28.
[206] Simpson, Lives of —, 52.
[207] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 6-26-1748, 64. It appears that John Fothergill and John Hunt in London had signed a contract with Willian teaching in the school, on behalf of John Kinsey and Israel Pemberton in Philadelphia. He was to be employed one year at 150 pounds (Pa. currency) and the expense of his journey to the city. He was to teach Latin and Greek and “other parts of learning.” (P. C. S. M., I, 64).
[208] Ibid., 11-25-1763, 188.
[210] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 5-25-1764, 234.
[211] Min. Phila. Yearly Mtg., 10-1778, 408ff.
[212] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 7-30-1779, 151.
[213] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 7-30-1779, 151.
[214] Ibid., 1-30-1784, 123ff.
[215] Our attention is first called to Robert Proud in 1759, when Israel Pemberton made known to the Board that he had received a letter from J. Fothergill of London recommending him (Proud) as “a person well qualified to instruct our youth in divers branches of learning.” A number were named to speak with him, saying they were unanimously agreed to employ him. Proud was thus employed till 1770 when he resigned. (P. C. S. M., I, 334, and I, 175).
[216] Ibid.
[217] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 4-25-1791, 111.
[218] Wickersham, 91.
[219] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 4-25-1799, 217.
[220] G. S. P. P., I, 252.
[221] A collection of Christian and Brotherly advices, 1753 (found in most of the depositories for records).
[222] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 8-31-1701.
[223] Ibid., 3-29-1691; similar references, Ibid., 1-31-1699; 6-30-1700; 3-30-1701.
[225] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 1-30-1784, 123ff.
[226] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 1-30-1784, 123ff.
[227] Ibid.
[228] The reader will recall, however, that in 1784 the real was far below the face value.
[229] Pa. Gaz., 1772, No. 2285; Pa. Gaz. and Wk. Advt., 1783, No. 2782; Pa. Gaz. and Wk. Advt., Supplement, 1784, No. 2811.
[230] See page [60], [note 90].
[231] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 3-26-1699.
[232] Ibid., 12-28-1702.
[233] Ibid., 11-29-1702.
[234] Ibid., 1-28-1707.
[235] Ibid., 11-29-1702.
[236] No record of his death is found in Records of Births and Deaths beginning with 1686.
[237] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 2-28-1699.
[238] Ibid., 12-28-1702.
[239] Ibid., 4-30-1704.
[240] Ibid., 7-28-1704, 420.
[241] Ibid., 1-28-1707.
[242] Ibid., 11-26-1727-8.
[244] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 4-26-1771, 444.
[245] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 12-25-1772, 145.
[246] Ibid., 11-2-1800, 300.
[247] Ibid.
[248] Ibid., 9-28-1701, 315.
[249] Ibid., 5-26-1689, 154.
[250] Ibid., 1-28-1690, 163.
[251] Ibid., 2-26-1690, 164.
[252] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 11-28-1697, 227.
[253] Ibid.
[254] Ibid., 2-29-1698, 229.
[255] Ibid., 2-25-1701, 292.
[256] Ibid., 3-30-1701, 294.
[257] Ibid., 4-27-1701, 298.
[258] Ibid., 9-28-1701, 315.
[259] Ibid., 11-30-1701, 322.
[260] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 2-24-1702, 329.
[263] See the minutes from 1704 and 1705, pages 420 to 463, various items.
[264] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 10-28-1705, 463.
[265] Ibid., 2-25-1712, 222.
[266] Ibid., 8-28-1715.
[267] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 9-25-1715, 10f.
[268] Ibid., 10-30-1715, 11.
[269] The overseers of the school had kept a regular record of their meeting in regard to schools, since 1712; they were, however, closely associated with the monthly meeting in the school affairs. (P. C. S. M., I, first record in 1712.)
[270] Ibid., 2-30-1725, 119.
[271] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 3-28-1725, 121ff.
[272] Ibid., 4-25-1725, 124.
[273] Ibid., 12-22-1733-4, 142.
[274] Ibid., 4-25-1736, 271.
[275] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 5-25-1740, 318.
[276] Ibid., 10-28-1744, 378.
[277] Ibid., 11-25-1744, 379.
[278] Ibid., 8-27-1756, 243.
[279] Ibid., 4-25-1760, 248ff.
[280] Ibid., 6-27-1760, 259.
[281] Ibid., 11-27-1767, 199.
[282] Ibid., 6-29-1770, 398.
[283] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 1-25-1771, 430.
[284] Ibid., 5-31-1782, 28.
[285] Report of Committee in Phila. Mo. Mtg. Min. 1-30-1784, 123ff.
[286] See Thompson, Henry. A History of Ackworth.
[287] This pamphlet may be seen in H. S. P., Philadelphia.
[288] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 4-25-1791, 111.
[289] Ibid., 6-24-1791, 118.
[290] Ibid., 7-27-1791, 123.
[291] Ibid., 1-27-1792, 140.
[292] Minute, Yearly Meeting, held in Philadelphia, 9th and 10th mos. 1794.
[293] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 7-28-1797, 158.
[294] See history of Westtown School.
[295] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 4-26-1799, 217.
[296] Minute, Yearly Meeting, held in Philadelphia, 9th and 10th mos. 1794.
[297] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 1-3-1722, 83.
[298] Min. Abington Mo. Mtg., 4-25-1711, 73.
[299] Ibid., 1-27-1749, 50.
[300] Min. Abington Mo. Mtg., 8-215-755, 151.
[301] Min. Byberry Prep. Mtg., 4-24-1793.
[302] Ibid., 8-23-1758.
[303] Ibid., 12-6-1770.
[304] Ibid., 7-25-1787.
[305] Min. Abington Mo. Mtg., 5-21-1788.
[306] Min. Abington Mo. Mtg., 10-22-1788.
[307] Ibid., 6-23-1790.
[308] Min. Abington Mo. Mtg., 7-21-1790.
[309] Ibid., 1-26-1791.
[310] Ibid., 6-20-1792.
[311] Ibid., 7-25-1792.
[312] Min. Horsham Mo. Mtg., 3-29-1797; Min. Byberry Prep. Mtg., 3-22-1797.
[313] Phila. Mo. Mtg., 1-29-1700.
[314] Quoted from Learned, Pastorius, 181.
[315] Der Deutsche Pioneer, III, 56.
[316] Ibid.
[317] Ibid.
[318] Learned, 182.
[319] Der Deutsche Pioneer, III, 56.
[320] Der Deutsche Pioneer.
[321] Ibid., 57.
[322] See MS. collection of Pastorius. H. S. P.
[324] Der Deutsche Pioneer, III, 56.
[325] Ibid.
[326] Learned, 185.
[327] Der Deutsche Pioneer, III, 58.
[328] Bunting, List of Records for Phila. Yr. Mtg., 21.
[329] Min. Exeter Mo. Mtg., 10-16-1758, 301.
[330] Ibid., 11-30-1758, 307.
[331] Ibid., 4-27-1774, 212.
[332] Ibid., 4-29-1762, 430; 7-26-1764, 519.
[333] Ibid., 2-25-1778, 309; 12-30-1778, 336.
[334] Ibid., 5-26-1779, 346; 7-28-1779, 350; 11-24-1779, 361; 11-29-1780, 383.
[335] Ibid., 8-29-1781, 436.
[336] Ibid., 8-28-1782, 474.
[337] Ibid., 11-26-1785, 503.
[338] Min. Exeter Mo. Mtg., 2-25-1784, 307.
[339] Ibid., 4-28-1784, 510f.
[340] Min. Exeter Mo. Mtg., 11-24-1784, 524.
[341] Ibid., 2-28-1787, 39.
[342] Ibid., 6-27-1787, 50.
[343] Ibid., 10-31-1787, 60f.
[344] Ibid., 2-26-1789, 122.
[345] Ibid., 1-28-1795, 283.
[346] Min. Exeter Mo. Mtg., 2-25-1795, 285.
[347] Bunting, pp. 30, 31, 33, 32, and 28 respectively; also first volumes of the respective Records.
[348] Ibid., 28.
[349] Min. Falls Mo. Mtg., 11-3-1704, 128.
[350] Min. Falls Mo. Mtg., 10-1-1714, 195.
[351] Min. Bucks Q. Mtg., 12-25-1713.
[352] Min. Falls Mo. Mtg., 7-2-1730, 282.
[353] The fact that Falls Meeting recommended Buckingham Friends to build a schoolhouse in 1706 (Bucks Quarterly Records, 3-30-1706) would seem to favor the view that they themselves were supplied.
[354] Min. Falls Mo. Mtg., 8-7-1730, 284.
[355] Ibid.
[356] Ibid., 5-4-1733.
[357] Ibid., 1-31-1759.
[358] Ibid., 12-3-1783, 358.
[359] Min. Falls Mo. Mtg., 2-4-1784, 363.
[360] Ibid., 3-3-1784, 366.
[361] Ibid., 8-4-1784, 376.
[362] Bunting, 37.
[363] Min. Falls Mo. Mtg., 8-8-1787, 440.
[364] Ibid., 2-3-1790, 52.
[365] Ibid., 12-3-1794, 169.
[366] Ibid., 9-4-1799, 283.
[368] Min. Falls Mo. Mtg., 1-4-1797, 217.
[369] Ibid., 4-2-1760.
[370] Min. Falls Mo. Mtg., 5-7-1760.
[371] Ibid., 7-2-1760.
[372] Ibid., 9-6-1780, 278.
[373] Ibid., 10-3-1781, 304.
[374] Ibid., 9-3-1783, 354.
[375] Min. Falls Mo. Mtg., 12-5-1787, 444.
[376] Ibid., 11-4-1789, 19.
[377] Ibid., 8-4-1790, 41.
[378] Ibid., 7-6-1791, 68.
[379] Ibid.
[380] Min. Falls Mo. Mtg., 12-6-1797, 238.
[381] Ibid., 10-5-1796, 210.
[382] Min. Falls Mo. Mtg., 2-5-1797, 238.
[383] Ibid., 11-6-1799, 288.
[384] References for Middletown are to their transcribed minutes in the Pub. of Gen. Soc. of Pa., H. S. P.
[385] G. S. P. P., No. 66, p. 64.
[386] J. S. P. P., 1-1-1699, 114.
[387] Ibid., 10-6-1772, 407; 1-7-1733, 578.
[388] Advices of the Burlington and Philadelphia Yearly Meeting, 250.
[389] Min. Middletown Mo. Mtg., 6-1-1751, 679.
[390] Ibid., 8-7-1755, 11.
[391] Min. Middletown Mo. Mtg., 8-5-1779, 445.
[392] Ibid., 8-3-1780, 481.
[393] Ibid., 9-7-1780, 484; 8-7-1783, 557.
[394] Ibid., 8-1-1782, 537.
[395] Ibid., 12-4-1783, 562.
[396] Ibid., 1-6-1785, 586.
[397] Ibid.
[398] Min. Middletown Mo. Mtg., 8-7-1788, 668.
[400] Min. Buckingham Mo. Mtg. Extracts, 7-2-1764, 114.
[401] Ibid., 5-4-1772, 155.
[402] Ibid., 9-2-1776, 179.
[403] Ibid., 2-3-1749, 61.
[404] Ibid., 5-5-1755, 79.
[406] Min. Buckingham Mo. Mtg., 12-7-1778, 194.
[407] Advices, 250.
[408] Min. Buckingham Mo. Mtg., 12-7-1778, 194.
[409] Ibid., 9-4-1780, 206.
[410] Ibid., 12-13-1780, 210.
[411] Ibid., 1-5-1784, 234.
[412] Min. Buckingham Mo. Mtg., 3-1-1784, 236.
[413] Ibid.
[414] Ibid., 1-3-1785, 317.
[415] Min. Buckingham Mo. Mtg., 1-3-1785, 317.
[416] Ibid., 3-7-1785, 244.
[417] Ibid., 2-6-1786, 252.
[418] Ibid., 6-3-1793, 306.
[419] Ibid., 6-6-1785, 247.
[420] Ibid., 10-3-1785, 249.
[421] Min. Buckingham Mo. Mtg., 8-2-1790, 283.
[422] Ibid., 4-1-1793, 302.
[423] Ibid., 5-5-1794, 315. (It was in 1794 suggested that any surplus be used for the bound apprentices of members, though they were not themselves members of the meeting.)
[424] Ibid., 4-1-1793, 302.
[425] Min. Buckingham Mo. Mtg., 2-3-1794, 310.
[426] Ibid., 12-5-1796, 332.
[427] Min. Wrightstown Mo. Mtg., 8-7-1792, 88.
[428] Ibid.
[429] Ibid., 1-8-1793, 96.
[430] Min. Wrightstown Mo. Mtg., 10-5-1790, 57.
[431] Ibid., 12-7-1790, 60.
[432] Ibid., 1-4-1791, 62.
[433] The Harker legacy at this time had increased to £183/4/4 (see Wrightstown Minutes, 10-2-1792, 92).
[434] Ibid., 9-6-1791, 71.
[435] Min. Wrightstown Mo. Mtg., 9-5-1791, 83f.
[436] Ibid., 5-7-1799, 233.
[437] Ibid., 254.
[438] Ibid.
[439] Wickersham, 83.
[440] Min. Richland Mo. Mtg., 1-21-1762.
[441] Ibid., 12-21-1769.
[442] Expenditures, J. Walton Fund, I, 1.
[443] Bunting, 23, 26, 25, respectively; also, first volumes of the respective records.
[444] See abstracts of Warrington Records, H. S. P. Library; Prowell, Hist. York County, I, 112.
[445] Min. Abington Mo. Mtg., 2-29-1695, 25.
[446] Min. Abington Mo. Mtg., 1-29-1697, 30.
[447] Ibid., 1-27-1699, 35.
[448] Ibid., 8-25-1703, 48.
[450] Bean, 679; also, Friends Intelligencer, 8-15-1896, 539.
[451] Ibid., 679.
[452] Ibid.
[453] Friends Intelligencer, 8-15-1896, 539.
[454] Col. Rec. I, 499.
[457] 2 Pa. Archives, XIX, 248.
[458] Bean, 680.
[459] Min. Abington Mo. Mtg., 1-26-1722, 124.
[460] Ibid., 8-31-1726, 149.
[461] Ibid., 11-29-1727, 155.
[462] Ibid., 6-30-1742, 249.
[463] Ibid., 1-27-1749, 50.
[464] Min. Abington Mo. Mtg., 1-27-1749, 50.
[465] Ibid., 1-30-1755, 148.
[466] Ibid., 8-25-1755, 151.
[467] Ibid., 5-26-1760, 260.
[468] Ibid., 6-29-1761, 284.
[469] Ibid., 7-27-1767, 420.
[470] Min. Abington Mo. Mtg., 11-24-1766, 406.
[471] Pa. Gazette, 1740, No. 582.
[472] Min. Abington Mo. Mtg., 8-27-1735, 207.
[473] Advices, 250.
[474] Min. Abington Mo. Mtg., 5-29-1751, 78.
[475] Jenkins, Historical Collections of Gwynedd.
[476] For example, those in Philadelphia, Middletown and Merion.
[477] Quoted from Jenkins, Historical Collections of Gwynedd, pp. 395-6.
[478] Wickersham, 83.
[479] Min. Gwynedd Mo. Mtg., 10-28-1766, 457.
[480] Ibid., 12-30-1777, 259.
[481] Ibid., 4-27-1779, 296.
[482] Ibid., 1-25-1780, 16.
[483] Min. Gwynedd Mo. Mtg., 7-26-1785, 221.
[484] Ibid., 1-29-1793, 177.
[485] Min. Gwynedd Mo. Mtg. 4-27-1727, 100.
[486] Ibid., 7-27-1756, 163.
[487] Ibid., 7-2-1768, 40.
[488] Ibid., 9-17-1765, 424.
[489] Jenkins, Hist., Col. of Gwynedd, 396-7.
[491] Wickersham, 83.
[492] Min. Radnor Mo. Mtg., 7-12-1791, 24.
[493] Min. Abington Mo. Mtg., 5-30-1777.
[494] At 15th and Race Streets, Philadelphia.
[495] Pa. Gazette, No. 1261, 1753.
[496] Min. Horsham Prep. Mtg., Vol. 1.
[497] See pp. [107f.]; Horsham Prep. Mtg., 1-24-1772.
[498] Ibid., 12-24-1779.
[499] Horsham Prep., Mtg. 1-24-1783; (the rules are quite similar to those proposed for the Philadelphia schools, which are mentioned on pp. [183ff.]).
[500] Horsham Mo. Mtg. Vol. I, first page.
[501] Ibid., 4-28-1784.
[502] Ibid., 5-1-1787.
[503] Horsham Prep. Mtg., 11-28-1792.
[504] Prowell’s Hist., I, 1084.
[505] Ibid.
[506] Warrington Mo. Mtg. Min., Vol. I.
[507] Ibid., 4-20-1754, 44; 12-12-1761, 44; 8-7-1779, 45, etc.
[508] Warrington Mo. Mtg. Min., Vol. I, 11-13-1779, 45.
[509] Ibid., 1-12-1782, 46.
[510] Ibid., 1-10-1778, 46.
[511] Ibid., 9-11-1779, 46f.
[512] Ibid., 8-12-1780, 46f.
[513] Ibid., 1-12-1782, 47.
[514] Warrington No. Mtg., Min., 1-10-1784, 47.
[515] Ibid., 3-13-1784, 47.
[516] Ibid., 5-8-1784, 47.
[517] Min. Warrington and Fairfax Q. Mtg., 9-20-1784, 175f.
[518] Records of Westland Mo. Mtg. Washington County are found in the collections of the Genealogical Society of Pennsylvania.
[519] Min. Westland Mo. Mtg., 12-26-1789, 49.
[520] Min. Western Q. Mtg. I, 1 (Deposited at West Grove); Bunting, 55.
[521] Min. Caln Q. Mtg., I, 1; Bunting, 48.
[522] Bunting, 59, 62, 43, 51, 52, and 61, respectively; also first volume of records for each meeting.
[523] See map.
[524] Bunting, 49.
[525] Min. Kennett Mo. Mtg., 11-7-1715, 28.
[526] Min. Kennett Mo. Mtg., 12-3-1727, 188.
[527] Futhey & Cope, Hist. Chester Co., 302f.; Jordan, Hist. Del. Co., II, 423ff.
[528] See page [42], Philadelphia 107, Abington 154, Darby.
[529] Min. Kennett Mo. Mtg., 12-11-1777, 625.
[530] Ibid., 1-15-1778, 626.
[531] Ibid., 1-14-1779, 658.
[532] Min. Kennett Mo. Mtg., 2-15-1781, 730.
[533] Ibid., 7-12-1781, 741.
[534] Ibid., 10-11-1781, 746.
[535] Ibid., 9-11-1783, 787.
[536] Ibid., 5-13-1783, 795.
[537] Ibid., 5-12-1785, 814.
[538] Min. Kennett Mo. Mtg., 8-11-1785, 820.
[539] Ibid., 2-14-1788, 874.
[540] Ibid., 1-14-1790, 914.
[541] Min. Kennett Mo. Mtg., 1-12-1792, 14.
[542] Horsham School Com. Minutes, 1-27-1783.
[543] Min. Kennett Mo. Mtg., 7-12-1792, 25.
[544] Ibid., 3-14-1793, 39.
[545] Ibid., 2-12-1795, 83.
[546] Min. Kennett Mo. Mtg., 4-16-1795, 88.
[547] Ibid., 5-14-1795, 91.
[548] Futhey & Cope, Hist. Chester Co., 302.
[549] Min. Kennett Mo. Mtg., 12-15-1796, 146.
[550] Ibid., 8-16-1798, 199.
[551] Min. New Garden Mo. Mtg., 3-6-1773, 174.
[552] Min. Kennett Mo. Mtg., 6-6-1778, 388.
[553] Ibid., 5-1-1779, 22.
[554] Ibid., 8-7-1779, 34.
[555] Ibid., 3-5-1785, 234.
[556] Ibid., 8-6-1785, 256.
[557] Ibid., 1-7-1786, 275.
[558] Ibid., 4-1-1786, 290.
[559] Ibid., 8-5-1786, 312.
[560] Min. Kennett Mo. Mtg., 8-4-1787, 355.
[561] Deed No. 88, Chester Co. (the deed is deposited in a fireproof at Orthodox Meeting House, custody of Edgar Haines, West Grove, Pa.).
[562] Min. Horsham Sch. Com., 1-27-1783.
[563] Min. Chester Q. Mtg., 12-2-1701.
[564] Ibid., 9-1-1703.
[565] Ibid., 12-2-1707.
[567] See first book of Goshen Mo. Mtg. Records.
[568] Advices of the Yr. Mtg., 250.
[569] Min. Goshen Mo. Mtg., 1-8-1779.
[570] Ibid., 6-11-1779.
[571] Futhey and Cope mention a school at Birmingham as early as 1753, Hist. Chester Co., 302.
[572] Min. Goshen Mo. Mtg., 6-11-1779.
[573] Ibid.
[574] Ibid., 1-11-1782.
[575] Min. Goshen Mo. Mtg., 3-8-1782.
[576] Ibid., 1-9-1784.
[577] Ibid.
[578] Ibid., 8-6-1784.
[579] Ibid., 8-5-1785.
[580] Min. Goshen Mo. Mtg., 8-11-1786.
[581] Ibid., 8-10-1787.
[582] Ibid., 7-6-1792.
[584] Min. Goshen Mo. Mtg., 4-10-1795.
[585] Ibid., 8-5-1796.
[587] Min. Goshen Mo. Mtg., 8-11-1797.
[588] Ibid.
[589] Ibid., 8-10-1798.
[592] Min. Goshen Mo. Mtg., 1-6-1797.
[593] Min. Chester Q. Mtg., 9-9-1719.
[594] Ibid., 3-10-1725.
[595] See page [122]; also Bunting, 51.
[596] Min. Bradford Mo. Mtg., 6-18-1762.
[597] Ibid.
[598] Ibid., 12-13-1765.
[599] Ibid., 4-7-1767.
[600] Ibid., 8-14-1767.
[601] Min. Bradford Mo. Mtg., 12-15-1778.
[602] Ibid., 2-12-1779.
[604] Min. Bradford Mo. Mtg., 5-12-1780.
[605] Min. Bradford Mo. Mtg., 2-16-1781.
[606] Ibid., 6-16-1781.
[607] Ibid., 2-16-1781.
[608] Ibid., 6-16-1781.
[609] Ibid., 9-14-1781.
[610] Ibid., 2-15-1782.
[611] Ibid., 8-15-1783.
[612] Ibid., 2-13-1784.
[613] Min. Bradford Mo. Mtg., 9-14-1792.
[614] Min. Uwchlan Mo. Mtg., 8-3-1763, 22.
[615] Ibid., 3-1-1765, 66.
[616] Ibid., 11-7-1782, 132.
[617] Ibid., 12-5-1782, 106.
[618] Min. Uwchlan Mo. Mtg., 12-4-1783, 158.
[619] Ibid., 2-5-1784, 162.
[620] Ibid., 2-10-1785, 184.
[621] Min. Bradford Mo. Mtg., 8-9-1787, 235.
[622] Min. London Grove Mtg., 12-3-1794, 56.
[623] Ibid., 3-4-1795, 62.
[624] Ibid., 7-1-1795, 73.
[625] Min. London Grove Mtg., 11-4-1795, 78.
[626] Futhey and Cope, Hist. Chester Co., 239.
[627] Min. Sadsbury Mo. Mtg., 3-6-1739, 7.
[628] Ibid., 6-21-1769, 180.
[629] Ibid., 1-20-1779, 297.
[630] Ibid., 2-20-1779, 298.
[631] Min. Sadsbury Mo. Mtg., 6-19-1782, 337.
[632] Ibid.
[633] Ibid., 3-21-1787, 39f.
[634] Ibid., 6-17-1789, 70.
[635] Ibid.
[636] Futhey and Cope, Hist. Chester Co., 239.
[637] Min. Sadsbury Mo. Mtg., 2-22-1792, 106.
[638] Min. Sadsbury Mo. Mtg., 3-21-1792, 107.
[639] Ibid., 5-23-1792, 109.
[640] Ibid., 7-10-1792, 112.
[641] Min. Sadsbury Mo. Mtg., 4-17-1793. 120.
[642] Ibid., 5-13-1793, 121.
[643] Ibid., 9-18-1793, 125.
[644] Ibid., 12-10-1793, 128.
[645] Ibid., 1-7-1798, 175.
[646] Min. Sadsbury Mo. Mtg., 7-19-1797, 168.
[647] Ibid., 4-24-1799, 187.
[648] Bunting, 40, 39, 19 and 42, respectively; also first vols. of each respective meeting’s records.
[649] Smith, Hist. Del. Co., 138; see also page [41], chapter on Philadelphia.
[650] Ibid., 139.
[651] Clarkson’s Penn, I, 259; Hazard’s Annals, 695.
[652] Rec. Upland Court, 121; Smith, Hist. Del. Co., 121; Hazard, Annals, 462.
[653] Would not likely take the case to court.
[654] It appears from a record of sale that the court house was sold to Robert Wade, 1686. (Record of sale quoted in Jordan, Hist. Del. Co., I, 112.)
[655] Jordan, Hist. Del. Co., I, 104; Smith, Hist. Del. Co., 137.
[656] Smith, Hist. Del. Co., 166.
[657] Rec. of Chester Mo. Mtg., 1687, I.; Smith, 166.
[658] Smith, 188.
[659] Jordan, II, 441.
[660] Jordan, II, 441.
[661] Ibid.
[662] Ibid.
[663] Min. Chester Mo. Mtg., 1-27-1800.
[664] Jordan, II, 43-45.
[665] Ibid.
[666] The absence of any mention of it in the meeting records.
[667] The writer was unable to find a record of this deed.
[668] No committee reports were noted before that date.
[669] See chapter on Negroes, page [228].
[670] Min. Chester Mo. Mtg., 1-28-1782, 87.
[671] Ibid.
[672] Ibid.
[673] Ibid., 4-29-1782.
[674] Ibid.
[675] Ibid., 7-28-1783, 130.
[676] Ibid.
[677] Min. Chester Mo. Mtg., 4-30-1792, 347.
[678] Ibid., 12-26-1796, 447.
[679] Ibid., 1-27-1800, 508.
[680] Ibid., 5-30-1791, 319.
[681] Min. Chester Mo. Mtg.
[682] Ibid., 9-23-1785, 177.
[683] Min. Chester Q. Meeting, 12-3-1689, 7.
[684] Min. Chester Q. Mtg., 6-14-1732, 128.
[685] Ibid., 9-13-1732, 129.
[686] Ibid., 6-13-1739, 154.
[687] Advices, 250.
[688] Min. Chester Q. Mtg., 5-13-1754, 218.
[689] Smith, Hist. of Del. Co., 166.
[690] Ibid.
[691] Ibid.
[692] Min. Darby Mo. Mtg., 7-7-1692, 54.
[693] Ibid., 9-20-1693, 56.
[694] See Falls p. 87f.; Abington, p. 105ff.; and Buckingham, p. 96f.
[695] Min. Darby Mo. Mtg. 7-5-1758, 441; 7-5-1750, 322.
[696] Ibid., 12-3-1778, 263.
[697] Min. Darby Mo. Mtg.
[698] Ibid.
[699] Ibid., 2-25-1779, 259.
[701] Ibid., 3-1-1781, 319.
[702] Ibid., 3-29-1781, 320.
[703] Ibid., 1-1-1784, 10.
[704] Ibid., 7-29-1784, 22.
[705] Min. Darby Mo. Mtg., 3-29-1787, 68.
[706] Ibid., 11-1-1787, 79.
[707] Ibid., 4-2-1789, 99f.
[708] Min. Darby Mo. Mtg., 1-28-1790, 114. (For entire report see page [23]).
[709] Ibid., 8-2-1792, 157.
[710] Ibid., 11-29-1792, 160.
[711] Ibid., 3-28-1793, 165.
[712] Ibid., 5-2-1793, 166.
[713] Ibid.
[714] Ibid., 7-26-1796, 207.
[715] Min. Darby Mo. Mtg., 8-2-1798, 243.
[716] Jordan, II, 432.
[717] Min. Darby Mo. Mtg. 1739, 258; 7-5-1750, 322.
[718] Ibid., 8-3-1797, 226.
[719] Ibid., 8-2-1798, 243.
[720] Min. Darby Mo. Mtg., 1739, 258. (Other bequests were made by Blunston and ... the value of which in 1791, amounted to £97 15/6; the committee reporting thereon, add: “we are united in opinion it will be best to lay out the money in a building on the meeting lot and in order thereto have had an estimate made for a house 16 ft. by 26 ft. from out to out, two stories high with a cellar under the whole, which amounts to £160 or thereabouts.” A Committee was appointed to see whether this would be according to the wish of the donor, Darby Minutes 12-29-1791, 145. In 1792 the committee reported it would be best to build the house for the master’s accommodation with the money of the legacies, and use the rents arising therefrom for the schooling of poor children, Darby Minutes, 2-2-1792, 147.)
[721] Smith, Hist. of Del. County, 347.
[722] Min. Radnor Mo. Mtg., 1-11-1731, 189.
[723] Ibid., 1-11-1757, 300.
[724] Min. Radnor Mo. Mtg., see also page [228], chapter on Negro education.
[725] Min. Radnor Mo. Mtg., 4-10-1759, 28.
[726] Ibid., 12-8-1768, 220.
[727] Ibid., 1-7-1759, 18.
[728] Advices, 250.
[729] Min. Radnor Mo. Mtg., 8-14-1778, 133.
[730] Min. Radnor Mo. Mtg., 10-13-1778, 139.
[731] Ibid., 7-13-1779, 169.
[732] Ibid., 7-10-1781, 233.
[733] Min. Phila. Q. Mtg., 8-6-1781, 235.
[734] Min. Radnor Mo. Mtg., 9-7-1782, 260.
[735] Ibid., 7-11-1786, 4.
[736] Ibid., 7-13-1790, 8.
[737] Min. Radnor Mo. Mtg., 7-12-1791, 24.
[738] Jordan, II, 429.
[739] Min. Concord Mo. Mtg., 8-4-1779, 94.
[740] Jordan, II, 430.
[741] Min. Concord Mo. Mtg., 8-4-1779, 94.
[742] Ibid., 12-5-1781, 193.
[743] Ibid.
[744] Ibid., 3-3-1784, 275.
[745] Ibid., 8-4-1779, 94.
[746] Ibid., 8-9-1786, 370.
[747] Min. Concord Mo. Mtg., 8-8-1787, 397.
[748] Ibid., 6-5-1782, 213.
[749] Ibid., 8-9-1786, 370; see page [164].
[750] For example, the plan suggested in 1746 and elaborated in the years following.
[751] Advices, 250.
[752] Advices, 250.
[753] Min. Concord Q. Mtg., 8-12-1754, 218.
[754] Ibid., 8-10-1778, 358.
[755] Ibid., 8-9-1784, 413.
[756] Ibid., 8-12-1793, 477; Min. Warrington and Fairfax Q. Mtg., 9-20-1784, 175ff.
[757] Phila. Q. Mtg. in the earliest years transacted considerable detail business, which, years later, it did not touch.
[758] Several definite references are: Min. Middletown Mo. Mtg., 6-6-1778, 409 and 12-4-1783, 562; Min. Horsham Mo. Mtg., II, 12-28-1796.
[759] Min. London Grove Mo. Mtg., 11-4-1795, 78; Min. Darby Mo. Mtg., 2-3-1791, 133.
[760] To turn to the text of a plan of subscription, see “school support” in index.
[762] Min. Kennett Mo. Mtg., 12-15-1796, 146.
[763] Ibid., 8-16-1798, 199.
[764] Min. London Grove Mo. Mtg., 11-4-1795, 78.
[765] Min. Darby Mo. Mtg., 2-3-1791, 133.
[766] Min. Sadsbury Mo. Mtg., 12-10-1793, 128.
[767] Min. Buckingham Mo. Mtg., 4-1-1793, 302.
[768] Min. Kennett Mo. Mtg., 12-15-1796, 146.
[769] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 10-26-1701, 316.
[770] To find the text of legacies granted, turn to legacies, in the index.
[771] Min. Uwchlan Mo. Mtg., 8-3-1763, 22.
[772] Attention is called to the fact that during the years mentioned in the following table currency greatly depreciated. This depreciation was most marked in 1779, when, in January, the ratio was 8 to 1; and in November of the same year 38½ to 1. See Dewey, D. R., Financial History of U. S., 39; also page [212].
[773] Min. Penn Charter School Overseers, I, 301.
[774] Buckingham Mo. Mtg., 12-7-1778, 194.
[775] Ibid., 4-1-1793, 302.
[776] Min. Wrightstown Mo. Mtg., 12-7-1790, 60.
[777] Min. Falls Mo. Mtg., 11-6-1799, 288.
[778] Min. Uwchlan Mo. Mtg., 2-5-1784, 162.
[779] Min. Horsham School Committee, 3-18-1793.
[781] Min. London Yr. Mtg., 3-16-1692, 68.
[782] The yearly meetings also established schools; such was the case in London Yearly, and Philadelphia followed in 1799 with the establishment of Westtown Boarding School in Chester County. Justice cannot be done to that institution in this work. The reader is referred to Dewes, A History of Westtown Boarding School.
[783] Min. London Yr. Mtg., 3-17 to 24-1703, 114; 5-26 to 31-1760, 339.
[784] Min. London Yr. Mtg., 3-16 to 19-1692, 68.
[785] Ibid., 4-2 to 7-1745, 268.
[786] Ibid., 4-9 to 11-1690, 52; 4-1 to 4-1691, 60.
[787] Ibid., 3-13 to 17-1695, 89.
[788] Ibid.
[789] Ibid., 4-2 to 10-1718, 160.
[790] Ibid., 5-31 to 6-5-1773, 399.
[791] Ibid., 3-29 to 4-3-1732, 210; 4-9 to 11-1690, 52.
[792] Min. Phila. Yr. Mtg., 7-16 and 17-1694, 39.
[793] Advices from Burlington and Philadelphia Yr. Mtg., 1746, 1750, 1753, 1755, 1777, and so forth, page [250ff.] Also the yearly meeting minutes records for those years, deposited at 304 Arch Street, Phila. (The first reference is the more accessible.)
[794] The reader is referred to the account of establishing schools in Bucks, Montgomery, Delaware Counties, etc.
[795] These references are, respectively, to the five points stated below:
a. Min. Westland Mo. Mtg., 11-11-1786, 12; 3-10-1787, 19.
b. Min. Horsham Mo. Mtg., 4-28-1784.
c. Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 11-29-1719, 57.
d. Min. Kennett Mo. Mtg., 12-15-1796, 146.
e. Min. Chester Mo. Mtg., 1-27-1800, 508; Min. Concord Mo. Mtg., 8-9-1786, 370.
[796] See the Advices, 250; or the Book of Discipline which has, under the head of schools, a statement of the various recommendations of the yearly meetings. See also Yearly Meeting Minute Books at 4th and Arch Streets, Phila., for years 1746, 1753, 1755, 1777, and 1778.
[797] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 2-29-1698, 229; P. C. S. M., I, 13.
[798] Deed No. 33, mentioned in P. C. S. M., I, 13.
[799] Ibid., 40.
[800] Ibid., 147.
[801] Friends’ Intelligencer, 8-15-1896, 539; Min. Abington Mo. Mtg., 1-26-1722, 124.
[802] Min. Warrington and Fairfax Q. Mtg., 9-20-1779, 73.
[803] Ibid., 77; Warrington Mo. Mtg., 8-7-1779, 46.
[804] Deed No. 88 New Garden Township, Chester County. (The original is in Orthodox Friends Meeting House, West Grove, Pa.)
[805] Min. New Garden Mo. Mtg., 8-6-1785, 256.
[806] Min. Kennett Mo. Mtg., 1-12-1792, 14.
[807] Min. Goshen Mo. Mtg., 4-10-1795.
[808] Ibid., 3-8-1782.
[809] Min. Darby Mo. Mtg., 3-28-1793, 165.
[810] Min. Buckingham Mo. Mtg., 4-10-1794, 314.
[811] Jenkins, Historical Col. of Gwynedd, 396.
[812] Ibid.
[813] Min. Middletown Mo. Mtg., 12-1-1693-4, 64.
[814] Ibid., 1-1-1699, 114.
[815] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 5-25-1740, 318.
[816] In 1701 they had begun a school house which was to be 60 by 24 feet. Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 4-27-1701, 298.
[817] The schoolroom described is in Merion Meeting House, which may be reached from Philadelphia via P.R.R. to Narberth, Pa.; from thence a ten-minute walk.
[818] Min. Goshen Mo. Mtg., 3-8-1782.
[819] Min. Falls Mo. Mtg., 12-3-1794, 169; for value of money see page [212].
[820] Ibid., 9-4-1799, 283.
[821] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 4-27-1701, 298.
[822] Ibid., 11-25-1744, 379; P. C. S. M., I, 40. Parts of the school buildings were at times used as tenant property thus affording a supporting income, P. C. S. M., I, 22.
[823] P. C. S. M., I, 56.
[824] Ibid., I, 39.
[825] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 9-25-1715, 10ff.
[826] P. C. S. M., I, 95 and 37.
[827] Min. Bradford Mo. Mtg., 6-18-1762; 4-7-1767; 8-14-1767.
[828] P. C. S. M., I, 29 and 25.
[829] Ibid., 31.
[830] Ibid., 95.
[831] Ibid., 37.
[832] P. C. S. M., 72.
[833] Ibid., 151ff.
[834] Ibid.
[835] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 1-30-1784, 123ff.
[836] P. C. S. M., I, 76 and 79; also I, 198.
[837] P. C. S. M., see list of scholars; number is approximate.
[838] Pemberton Mss., Vol. 3, p. 2.
[839] P. C. S. M., I, 102f. (Rules adopted in 1748.)
[840] Robert Proud Mss. Collection, No. 20, pp. 3-7. The rules, he states, were drawn up for his use in the school in 1780.
[841] The rules presented, taken from records of the Overseers of the Schools in Philadelphia, are quite like those later drawn up by Horsham School Committee. There is nothing additional in the later ones and they were doubtless patterned after them. (Horsham Sch. Com. Min., 1-27-1783).
[842] Robert Proud Mss., No. 156, 45.
[843] Logan Mss. Letter for 4th month, 12th, 1704. Vol. I, 49. (J. Dickinson was away on a voyage of some length.)
[844] Vaux, Memoirs of Benezet, 15f.
[845] Watson, Annals, I, 291-2.
[847] P. C. S. M., I, 137.
[848] Ibid., 150.
[849] Min. Horsham Sch. Com., 3-16-1792.
[852] See list of printed rules for the school in custody of P.C.S.
[853] Min. Horsham Sch. Com., 1-27-1783 (also mentioned in the monthly meeting minutes very frequently).
[855] P.C.S.M., I, 84.
[856] Pa. Gazette, No. 1449, 1756.
[857] Ibid., No. 824, 1744.
[858] Pa. Pocket and Daily Advertiser, No. 2385, 1786.
[859] Ibid., No. 2386, 1786.
[860] A list of printed rules issued by the Board, found in the depository for the P.C.S.M., in the Provident Life and Trust Building, Phila.
[861] Darby Meeting employed B. Clift to teach a whole year with the exception of two weeks. (Darby Min., 7-7-1692, 54).
[862] Ibid.
[864] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 1-30-1784, 123ff.
[865] P. C. S. M., I, 117.
[866] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 1-30-1784, 123ff.
[867] Some copies and volumes of these illustrious news sheets are found in the Norris Ms. Collection.
[868] Norris Ms. Collection—The Student’s Magazine. The little volumes are unpaged; page references are impossible.
[869] Norris Ms. Collection.
[870] Ibid.
[871] P. C. S. M., I, 135.
[872] Phila. Mo. Min., 1-25-1771, 430.
[873] London Yr. Mtg. Min., 4-2 to 10-1718, 160. Phila. Advices XXX, page [250] (for years from 1746-1778). Also a copy of the Discipline containing the digested recommendations on schools, p. 386ff. (In first National Bank, Newtown, Pa.).
[874] Col. Rec., I, LXVI.
[875] Extracts from London Yr. Mtg. Min., pub. 1802, 124.
[876] Crouch, Collection of His Papers, 183.
[877] Col. Rec., I, 36.
[878] P. C. S. M., I, 33.
[879] P. C. S. M., 14.
[880] Ibid., 90.
[881] Ibid., 117.
[882] Ibid., 145.
[883] Ibid., 221.
[884] A letter written to John Penn, Penn Ms. Collections, I, 233.
[885] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 7-30-1779, 151; 1-30-1784, 123ff. Also, Min. Horsham Sch. Com., 1-27-1783; Min. Horsham Prep. Mtg., 1-24-1783, and Min. Darby Mo. Mtg., 2-28-1793, 165, give some of the books which were used in the schools.
[886] P. C. S. M., I, 138.
[887] Hildeburn, II, 332.
[888] Ibid., I, 39.
[889] Pa. Gaz., No. 1245, 1752.
[890] Ibid., No. 1499, 1757.
[891] Ibid., No. 1861, 1764.
[892] Ibid., No. 1556, 1758.
[893] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 3-30-1770, 370.
[894] P. C. S. M., I, 138.
[895] Min. Darby Mo. Mtg., 2-28-1793, 165.
[896] Min. Horsham Sch. Com., 1-11-1793.
[897] Min. Sadsbury Mo. Mtg., 2-20-1793, 118.
[898] Min. Byberry Prep. Mtg., 12-26-1792.
[899] Ibid., 8-26-1789.
[900] Min. Radnor Mo. Mtg., 5-8-1789, 55.
[901] Min. Sadsbury Mo. Mtg., 6-17-1789, II, 70.
[902] Hildeburn, I, 39 (published in London 1697).
[903] Ibid., II, 100.
[904] Prowell, I, 540.
[905] In 1689 Phila. Mo. Mtg. authorized W. Bradford to print certain of G. Fox’s papers. These are not named and it hardly seems probable that Fox’s Primmer was in the list. Bradford’s request for permission (Genealogical Publications, II, 139), H. S. P.
[906] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 12-25-1697-8, p. 227 (G. S. P. P.)
[907] Hildeburn, I, 38.
[908] Smith, Supplement to Catalogue of Friends Books, 262.
[909] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 11-29-1696-7, 211. (G. S. P. P., Vol. 4).
[910] Pastorius’s Common Place Book (Mss.) H. S. P.
[911] The Primer of Stephen Crisp is also mentioned frequently with that of Fox, as being used in the schools. (Min. Abington Mo. Mtg., 8-27-1735, 207).
[912] Hildeburn, II, 21, 114, 341, 340, and 343, respectively.
[913] Hildeburn, I, 318.
[914] P. C. S. M., I, 240.
[915] Prowell, I, 541.
[917] Chiefly in the Norris Mss. Collections.
[918] A scale, having units of known value, which is used in measuring accomplishment in handwriting.
[919] Hildeburn, II, 164.
[920] Prowell, I, 540.
[921] Elihu Underwood was teacher at Warrington in York County in 1784 (See Warrington Mo. Mtg. Min., 1-10-1784, 47.)
[922] Norris Ms. Collection, H. S. P.
[923] P. C. S. M., I, 64.
[924] Ibid., 26; also Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 7-30-1779, 151.
[925] In 1741 Buller advertised the teaching of writing, arithmetic, merchants’ accounts, navigation, algebra, and other parts of the mathematics to be taught at the “Public School.” (Pa. Gaz. No. 673, 1741).
[926] Ibid., 84.
[927] Ibid., 101.
[928] Ibid., 122.
[929] Ibid., 131.
[930] Ibid., 133.
[931] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 1-30-1784, 123ff.
[932] Ibid., 7-30-1779, 151.
[933] P. C. S. M., I, 33.
[934] Ibid., 14.
[935] Alexander Seaton, who came to the English School about 1754 (P. C. S. M. I, 117) had been teaching a school of the same nature in the upper part of the city, in which he taught mathematics. That school was also under the direction of the Board. (P. C. S. M., I, 90).
[936] Ibid., 80.
[937] Ibid., 104f.
[938] Ibid.
[939] A list of the rules for the government of the schools, printed, in the P. C. S. depository.
[941] Hildeburn, II, 266.
[942] Ibid., 464.
[943] P. C. S. M., I, 235.
[945] Pa. Gaz., Apr. 16, 1730.
[946] Hildeburn, II, 342.
[947] Pastorius, Common Place Book (Mss.) H. S. P.
[948] Books of Charles and Isaac Norris in Norris Ms. Collection.
[949] Books chiefly of Norris, I. Griffiths, and King, in the Norris Ms. Collection.
[950] P. C. S. M., I, 104f.
[952] See Norris Ms. Collection, H. S. P.
[953] P. C. S. M., I, 239.
[954] Ibid., 75.
[955] For instance, F. D. Pastorius, Anthony Benezet, Robert Proud, Christopher Taylor, and many others.
[956] Min. London Yr. Mtg., 4-9 to 11-1690, 52; 4-1 to 4-1691, 60; 3-13 to 17-1695, 89; also collected Advices of Philadelphia and Burlington Yr. Mtg., 250ff.
[957] Min. Byberry Prep. Mtg., 2-22-1786.
[958] Min. Goshen Mo. Mtg., 7-6-1792; Min. Kennett Mo. Mtg., 5-12-1785, 814; Min. Radnor Mo. Mtg., 7-11-1786, 4; Min. Uwchlan Mo. Mtg., 12-5-1782, 136; 11-7-1782, 132.
[959] Deed No. 88, New Garden, Tp., Chester Co. (In Fireproof of Orthodox Friends in West Grove, Pa.).
[960] Min. Goshen Mo. Mtg., 8-11-1797; Min. Ken. Mo. Mtg., 3-14-1793, 39.
[961] Min. Goshen Mtg., 8-5-1796.
[962] P. C. S. M., 1, 3, 33, and 90; Min. Darby Mo. Mtg., 7-17-1692, 54; Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 1-29-1700, 254; 4-24-1720, 63.
[963] Col. Rec. I, 36.
[964] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 6-26-1784, 64.
[965] P. C. S. M., I, 58.
[966] Ibid., 5f.
[967] Ibid., 175.
[968] Ibid., 208.
[969] Ibid., 139.
[970] Ibid., 141.
[971] Ibid., 265.
[972] P. C. S. M., I, 237.
[973] Ibid., 245.
[974] Ibid., 116.
[975] See Yearly Meetings’ Advices, 250.
[976] Min. Darby Mo. Mtg., 7-7-1692, 54; 9-20-1693, 56.
[977] 2 Pa. Arch. XIX, 248.
[978] Bean, 680.
[979] There is found no record of his removal by letter, though he may have done so without, which, however, was not according to practice.
[980] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 5-26-1689, 154.
[981] Ibid., 3-29-1691, 146.
[982] Weekly Mercury, Nov. 29, 1733.
[983] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 11-28-1697, 227.
[984] Ibid., 1-29-1700, 254.
[985] P. C. S. M., I, 64.
[986] Ibid., 101.
[987] Ibid., 90.
[988] Ibid., 266.
[989] Ibid., 175.
[990] Ibid., 334.
[991] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 1-30-1784, 123.
[992] P. C. S. M., I, 33.
[993] Simpson’s Lives of Eminent Philadelphians, 53. Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 1-30-1784, 128.
[994] Ibid., 1-31-1699, 244.
[995] Ibid., 1-27-1702, 326.
[996] P. C. S. M., I, 126.
[997] Ibid., 221.
[998] P. C. S. M., I, 130.
[999] Ibid., 161.
[1000] Ibid., 158.
[1001] Min. Darby Mo. Mtg., 7-7-1692, 54.
[1002] P. C. S. M., I, 133.
[1003] Ibid., 274.
[1004] Ibid., 131.
[1005] P. C. S. M., I., 123.
[1006] Ibid., 131.
[1007] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 5-26-1689.
[1008] In the references at the right hand margin of the table “Ph” refers to Minutes of Philadelphia Monthly Meeting for the date given; Darby refers to Minutes of Darby Monthly Meeting.
[1009] Futhey and Cope, 308.
[1010] From an old account book in possession of Albert Cook Myers, Moylan, Pa.
[1011] Dewey, D. R., Financial History of the U. S., 39.
The reader is reminded of the fact that because of greatly depreciated currency the amounts paid, as shown in the above table, did not represent so much absolute increase. That some exact idea of the extent of depreciation of the continental currency may be gained, there is given the following table for the year 1779, when the depreciation became most marked.
| Jan. 14, 1779 | 8 to 1 |
| Feb. 3 | 10 to 1 |
| Apr. 2 | 17 to 1 |
| May 5 | 24 to 1 |
| June 4 | 20 to 1 |
| Sept. 17 | 24 to 1 |
| Oct. 14 | 30 to 1 |
| Nov. 17 | 38½ to 1 |
The fact of such depreciation was not officially recognized by Congress until March 18, 1780, it being then provided that paper be accepted for silver at a ratio of 40 to 1.
[1013] Min. London Grove Mtg., 3-4-1795, 62.
[1014] Ibid., 1-31-1699, 244.
[1015] Ibid., 1-27-1702, 326.
[1016] P. C. S. M., I, 130.
[1017] Ibid., 158.
[1018] P. C. S. M., I., 126.
[1019] Ibid., 130.
[1020] Ibid., 128.
[1021] Ibid., 145.
[1022] Ibid., 216.
[1023] Ibid., 221.
[1024] Ibid., 239.
[1025] Ibid., 266.
[1026] Ibid., 288.
[1027] Ibid., 276, 277, 279.
[1028] P. C. S. M., I., 309.
[1029] Ibid., 288.
[1030] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg. 7-30-1779, 151.
[1031] Ibid. (An extract of the report to the monthly meeting is given on page [71ff.], chapter on Philadelphia, showing the state of schools in 1784.)
[1032] Ibid., 1-30-1784, 123ff.
[1033] Ibid., 1-25-1793, 184.
[1034] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 2-23-1798, 149.
[1035] Quoted in Jenkins’ Hist. Collections of Gwynedd, 396-7.
[1036] The works from which the notices were taken: Watson, Annals of Philadelphia; Simpson, Lives of Eminent Philadelphians; Jordan, Colonial Families of Philadelphia; Oberholtzer, Philadelphia City and Its People; W. Thompson, History of Philadelphia.
[1037] Vaux, Memoirs, p. 7; also Keyser, Old Germantown, I, 79.
[1038] P. C. S. M., I, 33.
[1039] Ibid., 117.
[1040] Oberholtzer, I, 233.
[1041] P. C. S. M., I, 117.
[1042] Vaux, Memoirs, p. 8
[1043] P. C. S. M., I, 114.
[1044] Ibid., 115.
[1045] Ibid., 161.
[1046] Ibid., 244.
[1047] Ibid., 311.
[1048] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 5-31-1782, 28.
[1049] For list of his works, see Hildeburn or Smith.
[1050] P. C. S. M., I, 21.
[1051] Pa. Gaz., No. 673, 1741.
(Advertising for pupils in newspapers was not the usual rule among Quaker masters in early Pennsylvania, though some cases occurred. 345 advertisements from 1730 to 1790 have been noted in various newspapers of the period. Of a list of seventy Quakers who are known to have taught school, only 15 were found in the list of advertisers. The papers examined were the Weekly Mercury, Pennsylvania Gazette, Freeman’s Journal, Evening Post, Pennsylvania Journal and Weekly Advertiser, Pa. Packet, and the Pa. Chronicle; also the Courrier Francais (which is not mentioned in the bibliography).)
[1052] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 1-30-1784, 123.
[1053] Ibid., 1-25-1793, 184.
[1054] Ibid., 2-23-1798, 149.
[1055] Ibid., 11-28-1800, 300.
[1056] Oberholtzer, I, 181.
[1057] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 1-29-1700, 254.
[1058] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 2-24-1702, 329.
[1059] Ibid., 6-27-1703, 376.
[1060] Am. Wk. Mercury, Nov. 29, 1733.
[1061] Watson I, 287.
[1062] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 3-29-1691, 146.
[1063] Collections of the Protestant Episcopal Historical Soc., 1851, Vol. I, XIX to XX.
[1064] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 1-30-1784, 123ff.
[1065] Moses Patterson was the first teacher in the Negro School. Phila. Mo. Mtg. Min., 6-29-1799, 398.
[1066] P. C. S. M., I, 274.
[1067] P. C. S. M., I, 208.
[1068] Ibid., 272.
[1069] Ibid., 288.
[1070] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 6-26-1748, 64.
[1071] P. C. S. M., I, 101.
[1072] Ibid., 84.
[1073] Ibid., 122.
[1074] Ibid., 131.
[1075] Ibid., 133.
[1076] Pa. Gaz., No. 1403, 1755.
[1077] P. C. S. M., I, 133.
[1078] P. C. S. M., I, 106.
[1079] Ibid., 122.
[1080] Ibid., 131.
[1081] Ibid., 141.
[1082] Ibid., 188.
[1083] Simpson, 912-13.
[1084] P. C. S. M., I, 175.
[1085] Ibid., 234.
[1086] Ibid., 334.
[1087] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 1-30-1784, 123.
[1088] Robert Proud Ms. Col., No. 20, 27.
[1089] Watson, I, 282.
[1090] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 7-30-1779, 151.
[1091] The Public School Gazetteer, 1777, in Norris Ms. Collections, H. S. P.
[1092] P. C. S. M., I, 90.
[1093] Ibid., 117.
[1094] Ibid., 198.
[1095] Ibid., 199.
[1096] Ibid., 266.
[1097] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 7-30-1779, 151.
[1098] Ibid., 1-30-1784, 123f.
[1099] Watson, I, 290f.
[1100] Ibid., 292.
[1101] Ibid., 290.
[1102] Ibid., 291.
[1103] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 7-30-1779, 151.
[1104] P. C. S. M., I, 24.
[1105] Ibid., 165.
[1106] Pa. Gaz., No. 1951, 1766.
[1107] Ibid.
[1108] Pa. Gaz., No. 1865, 1764.
[1109] P. C. S. M., I, 164.
[1110] Ibid., 173.
[1111] The last eight mentioned are named as teachers in Gwynedd neighborhood school, by Joseph Foulke. (Jenkins, 396-7.)
[1112] Min. Abington Mo. Mtg., 4-25-1711, 73.
[1113] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 2-27-1722, 83.
[1114] Min. Abington Mo. Mtg., 10-29-1753, 111.
[1115] Pa. Gaz., No. 2371, 1774. Ibid., No. 2147, 1770. Ibid., No. 2118, 1769. Ibid., No. 1821, 1763.
[1116] Wickersham, 26.
[1117] Ibid., 27.
[1118] Prowell, I, 539.
[1119] Ibid., 541
[1120] Name found in the account book for the Jonathan Walton Fund used for that meeting, p. 1. (Deposited at Friends Meeting House in Quakertown, Pa.)
[1121] Min. Horsham Mo. Mtg., 4-28-1784.
[1122] Ibid.
[1123] Min. Horsham Sch. Com., 1-11-1793.
[1124] Min. Horsham Mo. Mtg., 4-28-1784.
[1125] Min. Exeter Mo. Mtg., 4-28-1784, 510f.
[1126] Ibid.
[1127] Ibid., 10-31-1787, 60f.
[1128] Pa. Mag. Hist., XXV, 3.
[1129] Proud, Hist. of Pa., I, 233 and 109f. See Ms. description of the province of Pennsylvania written by William Penn relating to the first settlement written 1682. A copy in Logan Ms. Collections, Vol. 1.
[1130] 2 Pa. Archives, XVI, 234.
[1131] Hazard, Annals of Pa., 331. N. Y. Col. Doc. II, 213-14.
[1132] Col. Rec., XII, 99.
[1133] Laws of Pa., III, 269-272; 3 Pa. Archives, XVIII, 303-430.
[1134] Ms. Ancient Rec. of Phila., July 28, 1702.
[1135] Turner, The Negro in Pa., 79.
[1136] London Yr. Mtg., Epistles, 1772, 394.
[1137] 3 Pa. Archives, XVIII, 303-430.
[1138] Turner, The Negro in Pa.
[1139] Stat. at Large of Pa., II, 107, 285.
[1140] Ms. Bd. of Trade Papers, Proprieties, IX, Q, 39, 42; Stat. at Large of Pa., II, 543-4.
[1141] Watson, Annals of Phila., II, 264.
[1142] Ms. Bd. of Trade Papers, Proprieties, IX, Q, 39, 42; Stat. at Large of Pa. II, 543-4.
[1143] Votes and Proceedings, 1726-1742, 31.
[1144] Smith, Hist. of Del. Co., 261; Kaln, Travels, I, 391.
[1145] Pa. Gaz. and Wk. Advt., 1779, No. 2580.
[1146] Col. Rec., XII, 99.
[1147] The quality of the clothing on their backs does not necessarily mean they enjoyed a good location. It was in many cases stolen goods.
[1148] Pa. Gaz., No. 2568, 1779.
[1149] Watson, Annals, I, 406.
[1150] Heatwole, Hist. of Ed. in Va., 299.
[1151] Pa. Mag. of Hist., XXIX, 363.
[1152] Smith, H. W., Life of W. Smith, I, 238.
[1153] Pa. Gaz., 1740, 624; Am. Wk. Mer., 1740, No. 1097.
[1154] Am. Wk. Mer., 1722-3, IV, 16.
[1155] Ibid.
[1156] Pa. Archives, XVIII, 303-430. Ibid., XXI, 165-324. Ibid., XVII, 489-685.
[1157] Christian Doc. Prac. and Dis. Relig. Soc. of Friends, 1727, 122, (published 1861). Ibid., extract of 1758.
[1158] Friends’ Lib., I, 79.
[1159] Woolman’s Works, 15.
[1160] Turner, Negro in Pa., 67.
[1161] Woolman’s Words, 156-7.
[1162] Ibid., 78.
[1163] Ibid., 44.
[1164] Woolman’s Works, 96-7.
[1165] Ibid., 244.
[1166] Most significant works are given in the [bibliography].
[1167] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 1-30-1784, 128.
[1168] Ibid., 6-29-1770, 398.
[1169] Benezet, A Short Account of the People Called Quakers, 81-2.
[1170] Vaux, Memoirs of Lay and Sandiford.
[1171] Pa. Mag. of Hist., XIII, 265; Old Germantown, Lippincott’s Mag., Feb., 1884, 118ff., containing an account of the protest; Phila. Quarterly Meeting would not take action, it being considered too weighty a question (Min. Phila. Q. Mtg., 4-4-1688, 136.)
[1172] Pa. Mag. of Hist., 266, 268.
[1173] Christian Doc. Prac. and Discipline, 1727, pub. 1861, 122.
[1174] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 4-30-1756, 215.
[1175] Epistles London Yr. Mtg., 1772, 394.
[1176] Christian Doc. Prac. and Discipline, 1758, pub. 1861, 122.
[1177] Extracts Buckingham Mo. Mtg., 12-6-1762, 107.
[1178] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 4-30-1756, 215; Concord Mo. Mtg., 6-9-1779, 86; Horsham Sch. Com, 8-17-1792; Chester Mo. Mtg., 10-25-1779, 31; Uwchlan Mo. Mtg., 9-9-1779, 65f.; Sadsbury, 7-17-1782, 340.
[1179] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 4-30-1756, 215 and 1-25-1765, 7.
[1180] Ibid., 7.
[1181] Ibid., 1-26-1770, 371; (Proud in his Ms. History of Philadelphia gives Benezet the whole credit of establishing the Negro school. There were two branches, one for boys and one for girls, taught by different tutors. He says the successful outcome of this school of Benezet’s was the incentive which caused the Abolition Society to establish others.) See Proud’s Ms. History, p. 64. H. S. P.
[1182] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 2-23-1770, 376.
[1183] Ibid., 3-30-1770, 379.
[1184] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 3-30-1770, 379.
[1185] Ibid.
[1186] Ibid., 1-25-1771, 430.
[1187] Ibid., 6-29-1770, 398.
[1188] Ibid., 1-25-1771, 430.
[1189] Ibid., 2-28-1777, 438.
[1190] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 5-31-1782, 28; 1-25-1793, 184; 3-30-1770, 379.
[1191] Ibid.
[1192] Ibid.
[1193] Ibid.
[1194] Ibid.
[1195] Dewey, p. 39.
[1196] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 3-30-1770, 379.
[1197] Ibid., 4-26-1771, 444, and 21-25-1772, 145.
[1198] Ibid., 7-28-1786, 271.
[1199] Ibid., 1-30-1784, 128.
[1200] Ibid., 1-25-1793, 184.
[1201] Ibid.
[1202] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 1-25-1793, 184.
[1203] For an insight to the real value of the money see [note] p. [212] of this work; also Dewey, p. 39.
[1204] Ibid.
[1205] Ibid., 2-23-1798, 149.
[1206] Ibid.
[1207] Ibid.
[1208] Ms. Minutes of the Committee on Negro Education, I, 19; other expenditures mentioned are for copy books, ciphering books, child’s spelling books, lessons for youth, writing paper, red blotting paper, slates, quills, ink, tutors’ assistants, Cheap Repository, 4 volumes, and one set Murray’s Introduction, I, 138.
[1209] Min. Phila. Mo. Mtg., 11-28-1800, 300; Ibid., 2-23-1798, 149.
[1210] Ibid.
[1211] Min. Exeter Mo. Mtg., 7-26-1764, 519.
[1212] Min. Uwchlan Mo. Mtg., 9-9-1779, 65; Min. Sadsbury Mo. Mtg., 7-17-1782, 340.
[1213] Min. Uwchlan Mo. Mtg., 9-9-1779, 65f.
[1214] Ibid.
[1215] Min. Deercreek Mo. Mtg., 7-24-1779, 304.
[1216] Ibid., 11-23-1776, 274.
[1217] Ibid.
[1218] Min. Sadsbury Mo. Mtg., 7-17-1782, 340.
[1219] Min. Chester Mo. Mtg., 10-25-1779, 31.
[1220] Extracts, Buckingham Mo. Mtg., 12-6-1779, 202; (this was a part of the discipline).
[1221] Ibid., 12-6-1762, 107.
[1222] Min. Uwchlan Mo. Mtg., 9-9-1779, 65f.
[1223] Cf. Report on Philadelphia, pp. 68f.
[1224] Min. Exeter Mo. Mtg., 7-26-1764, 519.
[1225] Ibid., 10-26-1758, 301.
[1226] Min. Radnor Mo. Mtg., 10-12-1756, 287.
[1227] Ibid., 1-11-1757, 300; 4-10-1759, 28; 6-8-1764, 54; 7-8-1766, 139.
[1228] Ibid., 7-8-1766, 139.
[1229] Min. Radnor Mo. Mtg., 7-12-1768, 209.
[1230] Ibid., 7-10-1770, 286.
[1231] Ibid.
[1232] Ibid., 10-8-1776, 102; 8-13-1779, 171; 11-12-1779, 179.
[1233] Ibid., 12-10-1778, 145.
[1234] Ibid., 11-13-1778, 140.
[1235] Ibid., 7-1-1780, 198.
[1236] Ibid., 7-13-1790, 7.
[1237] Ibid.
[1238] See p. [228ff.]; also Davis, Hist. Bucks Co., II, 294.
[1239] Col. Rec. XII, 99.
[1240] Davis, Hist., II, 297.
[1241] Davis, Hist., II, 295.
[1242] Ibid.
[1243] Min. Middletown Mo. Mtg., 8-1-1782, 535.
[1244] Ibid., 8-7-1783, 557.
[1245] Extracts, Min. Buckingham Mo. Mtg., 12-6-1762, p. 107.
[1246] Ibid., 11-2-1778, 181.
[1247] Min. Bucks Q. Mtg., 8-28-1777, 29.
[1248] Min. Buckingham Mo. Mtg., 12-6-1779, 202.
[1249] Min. Bucks Q. Mtg., 2 vols., 1684-1804. Newtown First Nat’l Bank.
[1250] Ibid., 6-27-1730.
[1251] Ibid.
[1252] Ibid., 8-28-1766.
[1253] Ibid., 8-27-1772.
[1254] Ibid., 8-28-1777, 29.
[1255] Min. Bucks Q. Mtg., 8-28-1777, 29.
[1256] Ibid., 11-27-1777, 33.
[1257] Ibid., 8-27-1795.
[1258] Ibid., 2-28-1799, 289.
Ibid., 2-7-1758.
[1259] Min. Falls Mo. Mtg., 2-2-1757.
[1260] Ibid., 8-7-1771, 86; 8-5-1772, 105; 9-6-1780, 275; 8-6-1783, 350.
[1261] Ibid., 8-1-1781, 301; 3-2-1763; 2-4-1767; 7-2-1769.
[1262] Min. Buckingham Mo. Mtg., 11-2-1778, 181; 8-1762, 107.
[1263] Davis, Hist. Bucks Co., II, 297.
[1264] Ibid., 296.
[1265] Ibid., 297.
[1266] Min. London Mo. Mtg. 1792, I (deposited at L. G. Mtg.).
[1267] Min. Kennett Mo. Mtg., 8-16-1770—439.
[1268] Ibid., 10-16-1777, 619.
[1269] Ibid., 1-14-1779, 658.
[1270] Min. Kennett Mo. Mtg., 8-14-1788, 887.
[1271] Futhey and Cope, 424.
[1272] Min. New Garden Mo. Mtg., 12-5-1778, 419 (committee had been appointed in 1774).
[1273] Ibid., 5-5-1781, 108.
[1274] Ibid., 9-1-1781, 119.
[1275] Ibid., 8-6-1785, 256.
[1276] Ibid., 9-5-1789, 419.
[1277] Futhey and Cope, Hist. of Chester Co., 424.
[1278] Min. Uwchlan Mo. Mtg., 3-1-1765, 66.
[1279] Min. Uwchlan Mo. Mtg., 9-9-1779, 65f.
[1280] Ibid.
[1281] Ibid.
[1282] Min. Middletown Mo. Mtg., 1-7-1699, 113.
[1283] Min. Sadsbury Mo. Mtg., 7-17-1782, 340.
[1284] Ibid.
[1285] Ibid.
[1286] Col. Rec., XII, 99; Laws of Pa., III, 268-272.
[1287] Futhey and Cope, 424.
[1288] Min. Chester Mo. Mtg., 10-25-1779, 31.
[1289] Ibid.
[1290] Ibid., 7-30-1781, 73f.
[1291] Ibid., 9-23-1785, 177.
[1292] Min. Concord Mo. Mtg., 6-9-1779, 86.
[1293] Min. Goshen Mo. Mtg., 10-18-1756.
[1294] Ibid., 7-18-1757.
[1295] Ibid., 7-17-1758.
[1296] Ibid., 2-5-1762.
[1297] Ibid., 8-6-1762.
[1298] Ibid., 2-10-1764.
[1299] Ibid., 4-5-1776.
[1300] Ibid., 3-7-1777.
[1301] Min. Goshen Mo. Mtg., 7-10-1778.
[1302] Ibid., 12-11-1778.
[1303] Ibid., 8-11-1780.
[1304] Futhey and Cope, 424.
[1305] This statement is based on the results of G. Cope’s study of local history.
[1306] Bunting, Recs., Mtg. Phila. Yr. Mtg., 24.
[1307] Rec. Horsham School Com., 11-15-1793.
[1308] Martindale, Hist. of Byberry and Moreland, 49.
[1309] Ibid., 50. (The sources used by Martindale are not found.)
[1310] Min. Byberry Prep. Mtg., 9-15-1779.
[1311] Min. Gwynedd Mo. Mtg., 4-25-1756, 215.
[1312] Min. Gwynedd Mo. Mtg., 7-27-1756, 164.
[1313] Ibid., 7-28-1767, 13.
[1314] Ibid., 7-26-1768, 40.
[1315] Min. Gwynedd Mo. Mtg., 8-27-1775, 202.
[1316] Ibid., 5-25-1779, 306.
[1317] Ibid., 8-26-1783, 172.
[1318] Ibid., 7-27-1790, 112.
[1319] Kaln, P., Travels into North America, I, 390, 394.
[1320] Min. Warrington and Fairfax Q. Mtg., 9-16-1776, 11.
[1321] Ibid., 9-20-1779, 73. (Warrington Meeting, in the County of York.)
[1322] Applegarth, Quakers in Pa., Johns Hopkins Univ. Studies, VIII-IX, 56.
[1323] Mention should also be made of the Friendly Ass’n for Preserving Peace with the Indians. For reference see Vol. 3, Penn’s MS., relating to Indian Affairs, pp. 17-18, an address to Governor Dewey, 1757; also p. 89, an address to Proprietaries Thomas Penn and Richard Penn on same subject.
[1324] Col. Rec. II, 16.
[1325] Ibid., III, 356.
[1326] Bowden, II, 70.
[1327] London Yr. Mtg. Epistles, 1795, 487.
[1328] Conduct of the Society of Friends towards Indians, 98-99.
[1329] Ibid.
[1330] A brief account of the Committee’s proceedings (pub. in Phila.), 7.
[1331] Ibid.
[1332] Ibid.
[1333] Ibid.
[1334] Conduct of the Society of Friends towards Indians, 10.
[1335] Ibid., 8, 9, 10.
[1336] Ibid., 11.
[1338] No summary is given of conditions in each of the meetings; if desired, see in index, “[negro education].”
[1339] The digest of the standards to be attained may be seen on pages [172f.]
[1340] Bowden, II, 247ff. (tables showing the particular monthly, and quarterly meetings, etc.).
[1341] See in index: [Merion and Valley], for example.
[1342] Bowden, II, 157.
[1343] Ibid., 156; quoted from Oldmixon, I, 304.
[1344] 6,200 new settlers came in 1729 (Bowden, II, 156).
[1345] Ibid., 157.
[1346] Winterbotham, II, 438-439; also, census report, 1790.