Traditional and Genealogical Notes.
Wahine-o-Lalohana, connected with Kaiakahinalii. Lalohana, a country “maloko o ke kai” (in the sea). Another story says that she lived at Mauna, a coral reef makai (seaward) of Keauhou, Kona, and that Lono was the mauka (inland) chief.
Another story says the woman lived at Waiakea, Hilo, and the chief was Konikonia. Konikonia’s people went out fishing on the coral reef and their hooks were broken off by the Wahine-o-Lalohana. Her kaikunane, Kuula, was below the water and sometimes lived with Konikonia. This Kuula told Konikonia’s people that there were other people, men and women, living under the water (“he kulanakauhale”), a village, and they had broken the hooks. Kuula, being interrogated by Konikonia as to whether he belonged to that people, said he did and that he had a sister there, whereupon Konikonia told him to fetch her to be his wife. Kuula informed Konikonia of the process how to catch his sister by making images of her husband, Kiimaluhaku, and letting them down in the water, when she would think that he had returned from Kukulu o Kahiki, whither he had gone on a journey. The ruse succeeded and she was led to follow the string of images from below to the canoe and thence to Konikonia’s house, where she fell asleep, and woke up in the afternoon, finding Konikonia with her. She then sent for her food from below. In bringing her coconut shell up the contents were spilled, proved to be the mahina (moon), and flew up to heaven.
Four days she stayed ashore when she wanted to see her parents. Being asked who they were, she said Kahinalii was her father and Hinakaalualumoana was her mother. Being further asked if they would come ashore after her, she said no, not bodily, but that the waters which were then rising had come to search for her, and they would overwhelm every inch of ground, and that her brothers were running ahead of the sea. Then Konikonia and she ran for the mountain and climbed up the tall trees and built a place to stay in. They stayed there ten days, during which time Kahinalii covered the whole earth with the sea and all the people perished; but when it had reached Konikonia’s place it subsided, and he and she and all his ohua (household) were saved, and they returned to terra firma. David Malo thinks it an imported tale though older by far than the arrival of the haole (foreigners) with Captain Cook.
Lihaula was the elder brother of Wakea. They fought and Lihaula was conquered. Afterward Wakea fought with Kaneiakumuhonua and was beaten and driven out of the land and took to the sea. Some say this took place on Hawaii and Wakea was pursued to Kaula when he fled over the sea. Others say they fought in Hikiku and Wakea fled over the sea. Komoawa was the kahuna (priest) of Wakea. Afterwards [[319]]Wakea fought Kaneiakumuhonua and beat him and retained the Aupuni (Government). Popokolonuha was Komoawa’s wife, and some say that Hoohokukalani was their daughter and not Wakea’s.—Wakea’s first son was Haloanaka, who died and grew up as taro. He (Wakea) afterwards begat Haloa.
BIRTHPLACE AND INTERMENT LOCALITIES OF CELEBRITIES.
Kapawa, born in Kukaniloko, died in Lahaina and buried in Iao.
Heleipawa, born at Lelekea in Kaapahu, Kipahulu, Maui, died in Poukela, buried in Ahulili.
Aikanaka, born in Holonokiu, Muolea, Hana, Maui, died in Oneuli, Puuolai, Honuaula, buried in Iao.
(Puna and) Hema, born on Kauiki, Hawaii kuauli, Hana, Maui, died in Kahiki, Ulupaupau.
Kahai, born in Halulukahi, Wailuku, Maui, died in Kailikii, Kau, and buried in Iao.
Wahieloa, born in Wailau, Kau, Hawaii, died in Koloa, Punaluu, Kau, buried in Alae, Kipahulu, Maui.
Laka, born in Haili, Hilo, Hawaii, died in Kualoa, Oahu, buried in Iao.
Luanuu, born in Peekauai, Waimea, Kauai, died in Honolulu, Oahu, buried in Nuuanu.
Pohukaina, born in Kahakahakea, Kahuku, Kau, Hawaii, died in Waimea, Hawaii, and buried in Mahiki.
Hua, born in Kahomaikanaha, Lahaina, Maui, died in Kehoni, Waiehu, Maui, and buried in Iao.
Pau (Kama [child of] Hua), born in Kahua, in Kewalo, Oahu, died in Molokai, buried in Iao.
Hua Kalalai (Kama [child of] Pau), born in Ohikilolo, Waianae, Oahu, died in Lanai, buried in Iao.
Paumakua, born in Kuaaohe, Kailua, Oahu, died on Oahu and buried in Iao.
Haho, no record; also none of Palena except that [he] begat Hanalaanui and Hanalaaiki.
Lonokawai, Laau, Pili, Koa, Kukohau, Kaniuhi, no record, nor of Loe.
Kanipahu lived in Kalae, Molokai, because Kamaiole had brought Hawaii under his sway. Kanipahu was not aware of his being the rightful alii of Hawaii. He had two children on Hawaii, Kalapana and Kalahumoku. Kamaiole did not know that they were Kanipahu’s children or he would have killed them. The Hawaiians were disgusted with Kamaiole’s oppression and went to Paao (who it seems was still alive) for advice and aid. Paao sent messengers to Molokai, to Kanipahu, to tell him to come back to Hawaii. Kanipahu refused, being ashamed of the lump on his shoulders, but told the messengers to go to Waimanu, Hamakua, and they would find his son Kalapana whom they should enthrone as king. Paao sent for Kalapana, and Kamaiole was killed at Anaehoomalu in Kekaha, on his way to Kona.
Paao is said to have lived 680 years (“he lau me na kanaha ehiku”), in the time [[320]]of Laaualii, and he died in the time of Kamakaohua. Kau-a-Kamakaohua, daughter of Kamakaohua, was the wife of Hoalani, and their daughter was Ipuwai-a-Hoalani, the wife of Kaihikapu-a-Kakuihewa. From Laaualii to Kaniakaohua there were fifteen generations.
Paao’s son was Kahuakanani. Paao seems to have been a family name applicable to the descendants of the first Paao. The name as borne by that family of kahunas occurs during several generations.
Paao came in the time of Lonokawai who was after Kapawa; the 26th generation of chiefs. Pili afterwards was brought over to Hawaii from Tahiti by Paao in the vessel called Kanaloanui. The fish opelu and aku came with Pili, hence they were kapued fish. (Hoku Pakipika, Feb. 13, 1862.)
Kalaunuiohua. In his time lived Waahia, a noted prophetess (kaula).
Kamaluohua was king of Maui and fought with Kalau and was beaten. Kalau then fought with Kahokuohua, chief of Molokai, and beat him too. Kalau then fought with Huapouleilei of Oahu. Kalau then fought with Kukona of Kauai, was beaten, taken prisoner and afterward released.
Kauholanuimahu went to Honuaula, Maui, to reside, and while there he built the loko (fish-pond) at Keoneoio. While he was living on Maui his wife remained on Hawaii and took another husband who revolted against Kauhola, who returned to Hawaii, beat his opponent and retook the government.
Liloa was the son of Waiolea and Kiha. Waiolea was the elder sister of Pinea who was Liloa’s wife, and mother of Hakau.
Liloa, [king of Hawaii], gave Kekaha in Kona, Hawaii, to Laeanuikekaumanamana in perpetuity, and it descended to his grandchildren through Kualii, Kauluoaonana, Wahulu, Lonoanahulu, etc. to Kameeiamoku and Kamanawa.
Umi likewise gave Kapalilua, in South Kona, to his child Kapunanahuanui-a-Umi, from whom it descended through Ua, Iwikaualii, Iama to Keeaumoku.
Keakealani likewise gave Kaawaloa, South Kona, to Mahiololi from whom it descended to Keaweaheulu and his descendants.
Luhaukapawa is by some said to have originated the kapu system (ai moku).—D. Malo, Ch. 11.
“Kawelo Aikanaka son (maka ia) of Kahakumakapawea—this from Kalanikukuma, elder brother of Kailelalahai and Aaanuikaniaweki. These three were Makapawea’s children or descendants.”—Kanikau of Kalaiulumoku.
“Aikanaka of Kauai is said to be the grandson of Kahakualamea, contemporary with Kawelonui.
“Land visited by Kualanakila the kahu (lord) of Mokulehua: Laniku, Lanimoe, Laupala, Nihoa, Kamokumanamana, Kuaihelani, Hanakaieie, Onuiki, Onunui, Kapuuoneiki, Kumumahane, Kamohalii, (there was a volcano burning).—
“Kahoukapu is said to have had a brother, Kukaohialaka.”[1] [[321]]
“Kalapana is said to have slain Kamaiole at Anaehoomalu in Kona, and followed him in the noho moi (sovereignty).”—D. Malo, Ch. 38.
Names of lands and islands known to the ancient Hawaiians, and mentioned in the mele, kaao, pule or moolelo: Kahiki was the general name for all foreign lands outside of Hawaii nei; lands or places said to have been visited by Kaulu, or Ulu, the brother of Nanaulu, children of Kii in the genealogy of Welaahilaninui (although in the mele of Kaulu, in which these places recur, Kaulu calls himself the “Kama a Kalana”[2]) are as follows: Wawau, Upolu (Upolo), Pukalia-iki, Pukalia-nui, Alala, Pelua, Palana, Holani, Kuina, Ulunui, Uliuli, Melemele, Hii-kua, Hii-alo, Hakalauai-apo, Kukulu-o-Kahiki, Moanawaikaioo (maelstrom); Kapakapakaua and Ulupaupau were places in Kahiki visited by Hema and by Kahai-a-Hema, nephew of Puna-imua; Kahiki-ku and Kahiki-moe were visited by Kila, Moikeha’s son. Thence came Laa, or Laa-mai-kahiki, his brother.
Tahiti lands, from which Olopana came when he settled on Oahu and married Hina, and built the Heiau of Kawa’ewa’e in Kaneohe, include the following: Keolewa; Haenakulaina; Kauaniani; Kalakeenuiakane; Nuumehelani; Kuaihelani; Kapaahu, the place of Kapuheeuanui who fished the islands out of the sea; Moaulanuiakea, Nuuhiwa and Polapola, known in the tale of Moikeha—see the mele of Kamahualele; Keapapanuu and Keapapa-lani, in the mele of Pakui said to have been created after Kahiki-ku and Kahiki-moe and before Hawaii, by Papa and Wakea; Kahiki-nui-kaialeale, supposed to be New Zealand.
Kauhiakama, the son of Kamalalawalu was carried prisoner from Maui by the Oahu chiefs and burnt at Apuakehau, in Waikiki, and his skull was used as an ipu honowa (excrement receptacle), hence the vindictiveness of Kahekili to the Oahu chiefs.
Keelanihonuaiakama was the daughter of Peleioholani and was killed by the Molokai chiefs, hence Peleioholani’s wars and vindictiveness toward them.
Peleioholani was son of Kualii, king of Oahu. He conquered Molokai in the time of Keawa, and put his son Kumahana as king of Maui, say 1764.
Kapiiohokalani was a brother of Peleioholani; Kaneoneo was the son of Kumahana.
Kumahana, son of Peleioholani, followed him as king of Oahu, about 1770, and three years afterward he was dethroned (wailana-ia), when Kahahana was sent for from Maui and became king of Oahu.
Keeaumoku rebelled against Kalaniopuu in Hawaii and went over to Maui, about 1765. In 1767 he rebelled against Kahekili and was defeated at Waihee, afterwards off Molokai whither Kahekili had pursued him, and he fled to Hana where Kaahumanu was born to him and his wife, Namahana, about 1768. Mahihelelima was then chief of Hana.
Hoapilikane, the son of Kameeiamoku and his wife Kealiiokahekili was born about 1776. [[322]]
Hoapiliwahine, daughter of Keeaumoku and Namahana, and younger sister to Kaahumanu, was born about 1778.
Kekuaokalani, or Kepookalani Kalaninuimalokuloku, popularly known as Keliimaikai, called a younger brother of Kamehameha I.; it was he who fought for the maintenance of the kapu under Liholiho I. His wife was Manono.
Kamehameha’s wives, hooipo, were Peleuli, Keopuolani, Kai and Kaahumanu; his wahine hoao was Kaheiheimalie, daughter of Keeaumoku, born about 1778. His children were Kamehamalu, Kahoanoku. He had another wife Kahoa (?) another called Kaneikapolei and Kalola.
Kekela (who died last year) [about 1870] was the daughter of Kalaniwahikapaa, the granddaughter of Kanealai; she was hoomoeia (espoused) by Kamehameha to Kamaholelani, a Kauai chief.
Manono, wife of Kekuaokalani, was Kekuanaoa’s sister.
Manono’s mother was Luahiwa. Kaukuahi was Manono’s child.
Manonokauakapekulani was elder brother of Kekuanaoa; they were grandchildren of Kanealai.
P. Kanoa is from Molokai, a grandson of Peekua who descended from Kanealai on the side of Pailili. Also C. Kanaina. Their grandmother was Kaha.
Kanealai was Keawe’s wife; they had four children: Hao, Awili, Kaililoamoku and Kumukoa. Kanealai was connected with Kahekili. So was Pehu. Kalaniwahiikapaa’s wife was Mulehu. Kawao’s wife was Kalanihelemailuna; their child was A. Paki. Kumukoa’s wife was Kaulahoa. Kumukoa’s child was Kalaikuahulu, who was connected on Molokai somehow.
Six chiefs of Hawaii, whose bones were in the basket of Lonoikamakahiki and exhibited before Kakuhihewa of Oahu, are called kaikaina of Keawe-nui-a-Umi. (See Kaao of Lono.) Their names are as follows:
| Palahalaha, | son of Wahilani | —Kohala. |
| Pumaia, | son,, of,, Wanua | —Hamakua. |
| Hilo-Hamakua, | son,, of,, Kulukulua | —Hilo. |
| Lililehua, | son,, of,, Huaa | —Puna. |
| Kahalemilo, | son,, of,, Imaikalani | —Kau. |
| Moihala, | son,, of,, Heapae | —Kona. |
“The ends of the earth and of heaven were created (hanau ia) by Kumukanikekaa (w) and her husband Paialani.
“Others say that Kamaieli (w) whose other name was Haloihoilalo, begat the foundation of the earth, and that Kumuhonua was her husband.
“In the mookuauhau of Kumulipo it is said that the earth and the heaven grew up of themselves (ulu wale).
“In the mookuauhau of Wakea it is said that his wife Papa begat a calabash (ipu)—the bowl and the cover—Wakea threw the cover upward and it became the heaven; from the inside meat and seeds Wakea made the sun, moon, stars and sky; from the juice he made the land and the sea.
“In the moolelo of Moi, the prophet of Keoloewa-a-kamau, of Molokai; in the prophecies and sayings of Nuakea, the prophetess of Luhaukapawa, Kapewaiku, Kapewalani, [[323]]of Kauai; of Maihea and Naulu-a-Maihea, the prophet race of Oahu in the time of Lonohoonewa (the father of Paumakua); of Luahoomoe, the prophet of Hua of Maui—in all these prophecies—it is said that the gods (na akua) created heaven and earth. The gods who created heaven and earth were three, Kane, Ku, and Lono. Kanaloa was the great enemy of these three gods. Before this creation of heaven, earth, etc., everything was shaky, trembling and destitute, bare, (naka, olohelohe); nothing could be distinguished, everything was tossing about, and the spirits of the gods were fixed to no bodies, only the three above gods had power to create heaven and earth. Of these three Kane was the greatest in power, and Ku and Lono were inferior to him. The powers of the three joined together were sufficient to create and fix heaven and earth.
“Their creation commenced on the 26th day of the month, on the day called Kane and was continued during the days called Lono, Mauli, Muku, Hilo and Hoaka.
“In six days the creation was done and the seventh day, the day called Ku, became the first kapu day (la kapu), day of rest. The first and the last of the seven days in every month have been kept kapu ever since by all generations of Hawaiians.” (Mookuauhau o Puanue. Au Okoa Oct. 14, 1869.)
In an ancient prayer reference is made to the subversion of the creed of religion (kapu) of Kahai by Lono.
When Moikeha came from Tahiti (Moaulanui) he brought with him his kilokilo, called Kamahualele, who followed him to Kauai; also his two sisters, named Makapuu and Makaaoa; also his two brothers named Kumukahi and Haehae; also his kahuna named Mookini. When he arrived at Hilo in Hawaii, Kumukahi and Haehae wished to stop there and they were put ashore. (Is Lae Kumukahi called after the first and Haehae after the other?—probably.) When Moikeha got off at Kohala, Mookini and Kaluawilinau left there. (Is the old heiau of Mookini called after Moikeha’s kahuna?—probably.) At Hana another follower named Honuaula was left. At Oahu his two sisters Makapuu and Makaaoa were left, hence probably “Lae Makapuu,” East Cape of Oahu. Kamahualele was an adopted son of Moikeha.—He traveled in a double canoe (kaulua). Moikeha was a red-haired, florid man (ehu kumuuli).
In the Hawaiian priesthood, (oihana kahuna) there were ten branches or colleges. He who was master of, or proficient, in all was called a high priest (kahuna nui.) The names of these branches of learning, or colleges were: (1) Anaana, (2) Hoopiopio, (3) Hoounauna—these three connected with the practice of sorcery, by prayer and signs, for the death or injury of another. (4) Hookomokomo, (5) Po’i-uhane, connected with divination by causing spirits of the dead to enter the body of a subject and possess it. (6) Lapaau maoli, medicine generally. (7) Kuhikuhi-puu-one, consulted about building temples, their location and prosperity. (8) Oneoneihonua, (9) Kilokilo, (10) Nanauli, soothsayers, diviners, prophets.
Each one of these ten was again subdivided in classes and occupations of detail. The priesthood was governed by rules and regulations of its own, stringent oaths were exacted before admission and heavy penalties upon infraction.
A number of gods were invoked by the different classes and subdivisions of the priesthood, but the principal god, who seems to have been the presiding and tutelar deity of the entire body of priests was called Uli, the blue sky, the vault of heaven. [[324]]
[1] See Kaao of Keamalu. Hoku Pakipika, July 12, 1862. [↑]
[2] For part of the mele of Kalana see Kuokoa, Dec. 29, 1866. [↑]