A

a’, aa, aw, all.

a’=every. a’man, I, 68, 27; II, 71, 16; 75, 13; 193, 24; IV, 46, 5, 6; 235, 10; V, [169], 6; [221], 10; [224], 22; [237], 8; 239, 36; 260 b, 5. a’body, V, [273] a.

a, abridgment of have, I, 315, 11; III, 215, 10; 440, 13; 441, 26; V, [55], 26; [79], 33; [213], 10; [224], 28; [251], 36.

a=he, III, 54, 3, 7.

a=I, in the phrase a wat (a wait, a wite, etc.), II, 159, 11, 16, 19; 160, 10-16, 19; III, 299, 9: I know, verily, assuredly. II, 230, 6: used by a mere trick, with hardly a meaning. a’s, V, [266], 9: I’s, I shall, will.

a=of: III, 91, 2; 93, 36; 298, 59; 307, 10; 308, 12, 24; 309, 40 (a trusti tre?); 349, 37, 39; 464, 11; IV, 504, 27.

a=on. a grefe, III, 69, 268. a blode (ablode), I, 244, 9; V, [288] b, v. 16. a row, III, 117, 24.

a=one: I, 126, 4; 326, 7; 327, 24.

a=ae, one single: V, [256] b, 2; [257], 6, 15; [278], 26. a warst, V, [215], 6. V, [239], 36: one and the same. See ae.

a=to. abound, II, 109, 20: to go. a dee, 110, 25: to do. So, perhaps, abee.

a be, abe, a bee, abee, a beene (with let), I, 356, D b 4; II, 29, 5; 108, 5; 159, 25; 185, 27; III, 455, 4, 8; V, [229], 35: be. let abee with, IV, 96 f., D 9, 13. let abee of, IV, 97, E 4, 5; 98, 15; 99, 14, 15.

abeen, abeene, aboon, abone, etc., I, 315, 8; II, 468, 7; IV, 326, 16, 19: above. his hose abeen his sheen, V, [17], 35; [18], 14: his stockings ungartered, falling above, over his shoes.

abide, abyde, III, 67, 219; 73, 345; V, [82], 24, 40: stop, wait. III, 97, 8; 279, 13: withstand. pret. abode, III, 63, 143: waited. p. p. abiden, abyden, III, 57 f., 25, 30: awaited.

able, II, 51, 4: suitable.

ablins, aiblins, III, 467, b 2: perhaps.

aboard, V, [134], 16: alongside; and so 8, 20, 22, or, laid us aboard may be boarded us.

abode, III, 335 a: waiting, delay.

abode, III, 430, 1, burden: endured.

aboone, aboun, abown. See abune.

abound. ill a bound, II, 109, 20: ill (prepared) to go.

about, been, V, [52], 77: been engaged.

abowthe, III, 112, 52: about.

abune, aboone, aboon, abon, abone, abown, aboun, abeen, II, 20, 8; 22, 16; 23, D 7, E 8; 24, F 10; 25, G 13; 27, 21; 28, 25; 29, 19; 30, 12; 145, 20: above (above them).

abyde. See abide.

abyden. See abide.

abye, III, 128, 84; V, [234] b, 3: pay, suffer consequences.

Acaron, III, 149, 32: being the oath of a Turk (36), this may be taken as Alcoran.

acward, ackward stroke, III, 110, 17; IV, 148, 43: described as a backhanded stroke. See aukeward.

advance, V, [147], 8: help on (?).

aduenture, III, 359, 90: hazard.

aduise, II, 436, 63: observe.

ae=one, single: I, 310, 6; 467, 33; 478, 1; II, 77, 29; IV, 257, 10; 260, 10; 261, 9; 262, 24; 445, 1; 476, 3. ae best, I, 465, 13, 17; IV, 479, 13. ae first, I, 426, 7, 8; 494, 22. ae warst (a warst), V, [214] f., 1, 6. the ae ... the ither, III, 500 b, 7: the one ... the other.

ae=mere, sole, ae licht o the moon, IV, 469, 4; 470, 35.

ae=aye, always: I, 245, 7; II, 185, 40; 208, 12; IV, 247, B 11; 265, 13.

aer, I, 16, C 12: ear, plough.

aevery, III, 465, 25: voracious, very hungry. (A. S. gífre.)

afar, afore, affore, I, 438, A 1; II, 21, 15, 16; 138, 8; III, 405, 15; IV, 128 f., 19, 21, 23, 24: before.

aff, I, 346, 12: oft.

affronted, II, 367, 45; IV, 242 b: put to shame, mortified. III, 152, 6: confronted, opposed.

a-fit, V, [115], 7: on foot.

aft, III, 491, 8; V, [299] b, 4: oft.

after, after the way, III, 99, 57: along, on. aftere brade waye, I, 333, 1: along, over. after me, III, 74, 367: according to me, my advice.

against, III, 344, 36: by way of preparation for the case.

agast of him, III, 99, 49: alarmed about him (the consequences to him).

agaste, V, [71], note †: terrified.

agayn(e), ageyn, III, 98, 29; 297, 46: against, a-geyn euyn, III, 13, 3: towards.

agoe, V, [83], 44: gone.

agree, IV, 147, 32: bring to agreement.

a-ȝon, comyn a-ȝon, III, 13, 4: came upon, encountered.

ahind, ahint, ahin, I, 299, 14; II, 105, 11; 315, 5; III, 480, 14; 481, 30; IV, 246, 6: behind. V, [17], 32: over and above.

aiblins, ablins, I, 439, 4: perhaps.

aileth at. See at.

air, in a drowsy air, IV, 20, 11: air seems to mean atmosphere simply; possibly disposition, condition.

air, aire, ayre, by air, by ayre, II, 106, 1; 270, 30; III, 162, 58; 164, b 58; V, [270], 7: early, betimes.

airn, ern, I, 342, 33; 348, 13, 19; 355, 42; III, 474, 39; 481, 35; 505, 21: iron.

airt, art, II, 23, E 5: quarter of the heavens, point of the compass, west-airt lands, II, 73, 30: western. rade the airt o, IV, 27, 31: in the direction of. a’airts o wind, II, 341, Q. been at that art, III, 163, 87.

airted, V, [99], C 4: laid their course.

aith, oath.

a’kin, a’kin kind, II, 114, 2: all kind, every.

’al, that ’al, IV, 17, 3: ’ull, wull, will.

al, al so mote I the, III, 68, 243: absolutely.

al, will.

alaffe, III, 34, 11: aloof.

alane, I, 347, 2. mine alane, I, 332, E 1, F 1. See lane.

alang, along.

albergs, II, 340 b: houses, dwells.

alean, alone.

alee, IV, 516 b, 3: on the lea, a-field, but for the purpose of keeping guard; cf. III, 487, A 15; 492, D 5; 495, B b 4.

aleene, I, 346, 4: alone.

alelladay, I, 220, A 1: exclamation of grief.

algate, IV, 93, note *: anyway.

aliment, IV, 91, a: provision for maintenance; here, apparently, alimony.

alive, I loved ye best ye were born alive, IV, 521, 19: corrupted; the sense appears in IV, 26, A 16, I love best that’s born alive, best of all living things.

all. all and, I, 56, 6, 7; III, 432, 16, 17; all as she stood, I, 117, 16; all in my hand, III, 186, 20; all by the roode, III, 188, 2; all by his side, V, [212] b, 8; all on, IV, 393, 5; 394, B 2, 5; 395 f., B b 2, 3, 5; V, [233] f., 2, 3, 5; all at her head, feet, V, [158], 9; all down, V, [293] b, 5; all oer, 302 b, 2.

allacing, IV, 18, 21: repeating of alace (alas).

allther, III, 57, 9; 70, 283, 284, representing the ancient genitive plural of all, allther moste, allther best: best of all, etc.

along of, III, 279, 8: owing to.

alongst, V, [267] a, 7, 8: along.

alow, III, 4, 1: below.

alow, aloe, George Aloe, V, [133].

als, alsua, I, 327, 27; IV, 366 D 5: also.

also, I, 328, 46: all so, just as.

althocht, III, 370, 19: although.

amain(e), III, 345, 48; 350, 51: with vigor, strength, force. blew, sound, cald, amain, III, 181, 27; 341, 46; 343, 17; 344, 36: with strength, loudly. II, 385, 24; IV, 13, 2: in force, in numbers. I, 398, 4; III, 176 f., 11, 16; 209, 9: at once, quickly.

amain, V, [134], 7, 16: (Fr. amener) lower, strike.

a-married, IV, 236, 4: married.

a-marvel, II, 386, 12: marvel (Fr. émerveiller).

amense, III, 465, 23: amends. (Should be printed as one word, not a mense as in the MS.)

American leather, I, 494, 14; III, 3, 13; 5, C 2: has been explained as morocco made from American horsehides, for which a patent was obtained c. 1799. See The Scots Magazine, 1799, LXI, 286. But the date of the text at III, 3, is 1780.

amo, V, [306] b, 14: among.

among, II, 451, 89: between.

amoued, II, 442, 9: excited, agitated.

an, II, 75, 20; V, [214] b, 4: one.

-an, -ane, -and, -en, etc., annexed to the definite form of the superlative of the adjective (preceded by the, her, etc.) or to numerals, or following separately, seems to be an=one. (The history of this usage has not been made out.) The firstan, nextan, firsten, nexten, passim (the seconden only at I, 507, 3); the firstand, I, 135, O 18; the nextand, II, 94, 6; her firsten, thirden, etc., II, 161, 9-12; her nexten, II, 164, 19; the firstin, the nextin, II, 380, 22; the first an, the niest an, I, 351, 45; the warst in, the best in, II, 98, 43, 44; the third ane, the fourth ane, etc., II, 71, 5, 6; 78, 8-11; the third one, fourth one, etc., II, 72, 5-7; the first ae, IV, 490, 20; the first y, III, 3, 15; the firsten ane, II, 370, 16. So, that samen, II, 475, 17.

an, I, 295, 30; 468, 6, 9; 480, 6, 7; II, 21, B 11: and, if.

ance, anse, I, 341, 9; 342, 23; 344, 21, 22; V, [9], 2, 4: once.

anchor, did on anchor rise so high, III, 344, 34 (c, g, have ride): the ship is in full sail; no apparent sense.

ancient, ancyent, III, 286, 40; 340, 37; 341, 46; 406, 30, 31, 39; 420, 20; 422, 65, 66: ensign.

and, superfluous (as in “when that I was and a tiny little boy,” and two other songs in Shakspere), see II, 57 b; II, 58, 7, 8; 59, 22, 27; 60, 39; 87, 31; III, 145, 6; 277, 16; 419, 8; IV, 448 a, 1, 2. The same usage in German, Swedish, and especially Dutch ballads.

and, if.

-and, -end, termination of the present participle: whissland, singand, cumand, seekand, etc., I, 326-329; II, 268, 17; IV, 195 f., D 2, 7, 10, 14; V, [192] f., 35, 49.

ane=a, I, 327, 11.

ane=alone. me ane, I, 333, 1.

ane, II, 191, 37=en, end.

aneath, aneth, II, 185, 29; 191, 23; V, [224], 17: beneath. aneath the sun, III, 5, D 7: sheltering the eyes with the hand. So, below the sun, III, 6, 6; 8, 6.

anent, I, 222, 8; II, 166, 21; 191, 24; 391, 20: over against, in the face of.

anew, I, 305, 1; III, 495, B b 3-5; IV, 249, 10; 271, B 4: enough, enow.

angel(l), II, 444, 55; 449, 61; 453, 32; III, 156, 4; V, [101], 4: a gold coin, of value varying from 6s. 8d. to 10s.

angerly, III, 286, 55; 361, b 21: angrily.

ankir, III, 66, 198: recluse, hermit.

another, III, 138, 8, 12, 13: corrupt, or verbiage.

anse, IV, 518, 3: once.

answere your quarrel, I, 411, 18: be responsible for, take on me to settle, your difference.

answery, v., V, [283], 12: answer.

ant, I, 244; V, [288] b: and.

antine (Fr. antienne), IV, 439 b, 6: anthem.

anunder, I, 302, A 9: under.

aout, V, [304] b, 7: out.

apayd, euelle apayd, III, 322 a: ill satisfied, displeased.

ape, lead an ape in hell, penance for old maids: I, 232, 14.

apparent, III, 451, note *: heir apparent. (parand, II, 447, 2, 4.)

applyed, p. p., V, [51], 67: plied.

appone, I, 327, 14, 28: upon.

apurn, V, [304] b, 3: apron.

ar, I, 244, 18; III, 110, 18: or, before.

arblast, I, 311 a: cross-bow.

archborde, III, 340, 23, 29 (in 29, MS. charke-bord): may be a misspelling of hachebord, st. 36 (hatch-bord, p. 342, 70). Barton grappled the ship to his archborde, from which we should infer that the word meant the side of the ship, as hatch-bord would naturally signify at p. 342, 70. But archborde might of itself mean the stern of the ship, a timber at the stern being still so called, and German hack-bord meaning the upper part of the stern of a ship. (It is singular that none of the difficult words archborde, hachebord, hall (III, 340, 29) occur in the York copy, IV, 503, which, however, has difficulties of its own.)

archery, III, 309, 41: collected archers.

arches, II, 307, 29: aims, shoots.

are, I, 327, 23: before.

armorie, I, 285, 34, seems to be employed in the sense of armament, men at arms.

armorye, III, 286, 56: armor.

arselins, V, [124], 12: backwards.

art, airt, quarter of the heavens. been at that art, III, 163, 87: in that quarter, at that place. See airt.

as, pron., I, 477, 6, 7, 13, 15; II, 4, D 4; 452, 14; V, [206] a, 1; b, 6: that, who.

as, conj., I, 477, 5, 18, 19; II, 453, 28: that.

as, V, [218] b, D 1: was.

as ever, III, 281, 10: as long as.

asay, p. p., III, 112, 48: tried. [Read asayed?]

asembled, III, 164, b 15: met (encountered).

ask, I, 353, H 11; 355, 41; II, 504, 32: newt, lizard. (A. S. áðexe.) Cf. ass.

askd, my father he askd me an acre o land, I, 17, D 9: askd seems to be an erroneous repetition from 8; aucht, owned, would be expected; or left, gave, as in K, L.

asking, asken, askend, askent, II, 91, D 27, 28; 92, 22-25; 192, 7, 14; 194, 23; 359, 7-10; V, [221] f., 27, 29, 30, 32; [223], 5, 7; [418], 8: boon, request.

askryede, I, 326, 4: described.

ass, I, 349, 11, 15: ask, newt.

assoyled, absolved.

aste, I, 217, 1: east.

astoned, astonied, V, [76], 24; [82], 35: astonished, amazed.

asurd, I, 334, 5: of azure; should probably be asur.

at. reade must rise at, II, 53, 34, 35; take councell at, III, 405, 17, 23; take leaue att, III, 357, 42: from. ask at, beg at, spear at, I, 497, L 5-8, M 2-5; III, 161, 32; 330, 15; IV, 331, 10: of, from. ails ye at, aileth thee at, II, 72, 3; 78, 7; 80, 3; IV, 95, 12; 96, 4; 99, H 7: with (what ail comes to you from me?). see at me, IV, 345, 8: in. come atte, IV, 507, 81: to, to the presence of. I was at thee, IV, 436, 1: (apud) with.

at, IV, 331 b, 8: out (?).

at, jobbing at, I, 104, A b 10: jogging off, away (?).

at, with ellipsis of the door, rappit at, clappit at, I, 105 a, 29; IV, 444, 16, 35; V, [173], 1; [306] b, 1.

at, att, pron. and conj., II, 472, 24; III, 488, 19; IV, 348, 1; 446, 6; 469 b, 10, 12; V, [79], 31; [118], B 12; [220] b, 5; [224], 28; [236], 114; [256], 8: that, (it, V, [236], 112, may be for this at.)

a ta, III, 464, 1: at all.

athort, I, 305, 3: across (upon). far athort, V, [164], D b 13: a long way.

attempt, III, 39, 110: tempt.

attemptattis, III, 451 b: enterprises.

atteynt, I, 328, 34: (here) lay hands on.

attoure, III, 458 b: outowr, over and above.

atweel, I, 22, 2, 3: I wot well, assuredly.

atween, I, 466, 11; II, 315, 6; V, [156], 11, 13: between. atween hands, II, 139, 6: meanwhile.

atwyn, V, [80], 57: from one another.

aucht, aught. wha’s aucht?=who is it owned (owns)? whose is (are)? I, 22, 4; 472, 1; II, 114, 11; 164, 8, 11; IV, 32, C 6; 194, 8; 199, 21; 202, 9; 203, 17. aught a bairn, II, 494, 4: had. where is the knight aught me for wedding, IV, 182, F 6: who was (is) under obligation to marry me? (This is my ransome I ought to him to pay, I, 294, 12.) It is not unlikely that aucht in the phrase wha’s aucht is present in sense. Indeed we have aughts, II, 336, Q 5. Cf. who owes? whose is? IV, 205, 27.

aught, v., suld hae come and aught a bairn to me, II, 494, 4: had (a child by).

aukeward, awkwarde stroke, II, 59, 23; III, 93, 40: backhanded. See acward.

auld son, without regard to absolute age: I, 79, 58; 184, 8, 9; IV, 94, A 4; 97, F 4. So old sister for elder sister, eldest of three: I, 175, 8; auld dochter, II, 462, 33. auld son, of child just born and the only one, II, 105, 7; 107, 3-6, 17; IV, 206, 15. So at II, 95, 11, called young son immediately after. Of babe in the cradle, II, 325, 10. See old.

aull, auld, old. I, 359, 6, 9, in four nights auld: at the age of four days. II, 80, 9, in twall years auld.

aussy pan, I, 301, 6: ash pan.

austerne, I, 134, N 3: austere, harsh. See osterne.

ava, II, 189, 33; 323, 25; III, 7, 13, 14; IV, 257, 12; 300, 3: of all. II, 360, 10; V, [112], B b 7: at all.

avayle, II, 436, 70: put down, doff.

avow, IV, 240, 7: seems to be used as consent rather than own, confess; but cf. IV, 56, A 8; V, [252] a.

avowe, n., III, 65, 180, 187, 190; 68, 240; 73, 346; 297, 44; 307, 1: vow.

avowë, avower, III, 67, 232; 520 a, No 161: patron, protector.

avoyd, V, [53], 102: begone.

aw, all.

await, lie at await, III, 409, note *: in wait.

awaite, awayte, III, 72, 330; 84, 330; 88, 331: lie in wait for. awayte me scathe, III, 66, 202: lie in wait to do me harm.

awende, I, 244, 9: weened, imagined.

awet, III, 112, 64: know. Perhaps, await, descry.

awkwarde stroke, III, 93, 40: a backhanded stroke. See aukeward.

awsom, V, [193], 49: awful.

ay, I, 333, 1, 2, 3: a.

ayenst, III, 76, 420: against, towards, about.

ayon, ayone, ayont, I, 301, 1; 302, 1; 428, 20; II, 133, D 4, 6; IV, 412, 6: beyond. IV, 330 a, appendix, 1: and oddly of the man, as farther from the wall. III, 392, 20, 21: beyond, across. I, 220, A 2; IV, 8, 46: over against, in the face of.

ayre, eare, ere: heir.