Chapter I. The Dark Age

[b] J. C. L. S. de Sismondi, The History of the Italian Republics.

[c] Francesco Bertolini, Storia delle Dominazioni in Italia (in Villari’s Storia Politica d’Italia).

[d] Pierre Antoine Daru, Histoire de la République de Venise.

[e] Henry Edward Napier, Florentine History.

f Giovanni Batista Testa, History of the War of Frederic I against the Communes of Lombardy.

[g] Andrea Dandolo, Chronicon Venetum.

[h] Giovanni Diacono, Chronicon.

[i] Heinrich Leo, Entwicklung der Verfassung der Lombardischen Städte.

[k] W. C. Hazlitt, History of the Venetian Republic.

[l] Pasquale Villani, the article “Pisa” in the Ninth Edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica.

[m] Karl Hillebrand, Dino Campagni: Étude Historique et Littéraire sur l’Époque de Dante.

[n] Malaspina Ricordano, Istoria fiorentina, in Muratori’s “Rerum Italicarum Scriptores,” vol. VIII.

[o] E. Proctor, The History of Italy.