Billiards

by William Broadfoot

INDEX

• Aberdovey slates, [73]
• Albert Club, [48]
• Albo-carbon light, [66], [67]
• American handicaps, [40], [43];
  • tournament, [41], [436]
• Angle, half-ball or natural, [101]–103, [123]–124;
  • of deviation, [138];
  • of incidence and reflexion, [139]–140
• Aquarium. See Royal Aquarium
• Association, Billiard. See Billiard Association
• Attitude, [107]
• Balls, billiard, [86]–92;
  • treatment of, [87]–88;
  • weight, [87]n;
  • gauge, [89];
  • tests of, [90];
  • bonzoline, [91]–92;
  • cast steel, [92];
  • dummy, [101];
  • definition of, [105];
  • motion, &c., and division of, [130]–141;
  • impact of, [164]–168;
  • rotation of, [189]–214;
  • surface of, [193];
  • friction of, on cloth, [193];
  • transmitted side, [194]; [443];
  • different qualities of ivory and bonzoline, [266]–267;
  • light, [322]
• Bartley, Mr., [6], [9]
• Basket, pool, [101], [253]–254
• Baulk, meaning of the term, [105];
  • doubles in, [150];
  • playing for safety in, [284];
  • double, [290]
• ‘Baynard Castle,’ [43]
• Bedford, Mr., [9]
• Bell’s Life, [19];
  • quoted, [20]; [21]
• Bennett, Alfred, in handicaps, [36], [38], [40], [41], [47];
  • death, [38]n
• Bennett, Fred, [36], [38]
• Bennett, John, [36], [38]
• Bennett, Joseph 4;
  • his manual, [4];
  • in a four-handed match with John Roberts, sen., [26]; [29];
  • beats Roberts, jun., and beaten by him, [34]; [35], [36], [40], [41], [43], [44];
  • beaten by Roberts, jun., [50];
  • beats Cook for championship, [46];
  • defeats Taylor for championship, [47];
  • Shorter forfeits for championship, [47];
  • introduction of angle for private practice, [124]; [266], [370]
• Bentinck Club, [24], [27]
• Billiard Association of Great Britain and Ireland standard tables, [70], [71], [362];
  • rules of, [374];
  • revision required, [375];
  • examination of — rules, [376]–386;
  • examination of — rules of pyramids, [390]
• ‘Billiard Book,’ Captain Crawley’s, on pyramids, [391];
  • essay on the marker, [445]
• ‘Billiard Review,’ quoted, on the Association Rules, [375]
• Billiard-rooms, [55]–57;
  • in Oriental Club, [57]; [58], [59];
  • Mr. W. H. Fowler’s room, [59];
  • Mr. A. Gibbs’, [55]–56;
  • ventilation of, [61]–66;
  • lighting of, [66]–68;
  • Major Broadfoot’s note on, [67], [68]
• Billiard-tables, [5], [10], [11], [15], [69];
  • pockets, [69];
  • Billiard Association legislation, [70];
  • Standard Association tables, [71];
  • cost, [72];
  • ordinary, [73];
  • championship, [73], [83], [362]–373;
  • frames, [73];
  • slates, [73]–77;
  • plan of table in diagram, [74], [75];
  • cushions, [77]–79;
  • cloths, [79]–80;
  • setting up the table, [79]–83;
  • brushing and ironing, [83]–84;
  • undersized, [84];
  • spot stroke, [85];
  • French tables, [85];
  • hiring, [85];
  • automatic returner, [86];
  • few in London clubs fit for play, [207];
  • easy and difficult—in training, [306]
• Billiard terms in use, [105]–107
• Black and pink pool, description of game, [423];
  • variation in rules, [423];
  • collecting stakes, [424];
  • a useful bye-law, [424]
• Black pool, [408], [418];
  • no regular laws, [418];
  • the game as generally played, [420];
  • special features, [420];
  • variation in rules, [421];
  • points to be held in view, [422]
• Blind pockets, playing hazards into, [146], [150]
• Bonzoline balls, [91];
  • wear, [92];
  • playing hazards with, [170];
  • difference between ivory and, [266];
  • playing double baulk strokes with, [293]
• Bouclée, formation of the bridge, [109], [129]
• Bowles, Alfred, [23];
  • his matches with Roberts, jun., [23], [33], [367]
• Boyd, Mr. A. H., [3];
  • aid from, [3];
  • on implements, [55]–103;
  • on ‘Every-Day Billiards,’ [315]–325
• Break, definition of, [105];
  • higher signification of, [300];
  • average—in classifying players, [302];
  • personal questions: luck and nerve, [303]–306;
  • advice to players who cannot undertake close study, [307]–313;
  • advice to a higher class of players, [313];
  • Mr. Boyd’s advice to moderate players, [315]–325;
  • — at the top of the table, by Mr. Rimington-Wilson, [325]–348;
  • nursery cannons, [348]–361
• Breaking the balls, explanation of the phrase, [105]
• Bricole, utility of, [172];
  • the push, [226], [240]
• Bridge, the term, [105];
  • a good, [108], [109];
  • a short, [127];
  • bouclée, [129]
• Brighton, Kentfield’s Subscription Rooms at, [10]
• Broughton, Tom, beaten by Roberts, sen., [16]
• Brunswick-Balke-Collender Co. the, cited, [212], [440]
• Brushing tables, [83]
• Buchanan, J. P., [266]
• Buckland, Frank, test for balls, [90]
• ‘Bumble-puppy,’ [430]
• Burners, gas, for billiard-rooms, [67]
• Burroughes and Watts, aid from, [4], [55];
  • first series of handicaps, [36]; [40], [77], [98]
• Butts, [97]
• Cannons, plain, [172]–186;
  • tendency to supersede losing hazards, [172];
  • general rules for strength in playing, [174];
  • easier than the hazard, [175];
  • in baulk, [210]–212;
  • use of compensation in making, [261]–262;
  • nursery, easy of execution, [326]; [348]–361
• Carr, John, [5];
  • sells twisting chalk, [7]; [8];
  • backed against all comers, [9];
  • challenged by Kentfield, [10]
• Carter, Eugene, American player, [53]
• Cathire More, King of Ireland, his brass billiard balls, [4]
• Chalk, [83], [87], [98], [384];
  • St. Martin, [99]
• Championship, the, &c., [362]–373;
  • Mr. Russell D. Walker’s memorandum on, [367]–370
• Championship matches, remarks concerning, [362]–366;
  • list of, [373]
• Championship table, the, [73], [83];
  • pockets, [362];
  • play on, [370]–373;
  • objections to different tables for ordinary play and for championship matches, [364];
  • genuineness of game, [365];
  • equalisation of amateurs on a, [372];
  • record of championship matches, [373]
• Chimneys of lamps for lighting billiard-rooms, [66]
• Close screws, method of playing, [250]
• Cloths for billiard-tables, [79];
  • nap of, [193];
  • effects on rotation and path of ball, [207]
• Club billiard-rooms, [56];
  • over-ironing of cloth in, [207]
• Coles, Harry, [48], [49]
• Collins, George, [36], [38], [39], [48]
• Combination tables, [85]
• Compensation in play, [260]
• Composition balls, [91]
• Cook, William, [20], [23], [24];
  • Roberts, sen.’s opinion of, [25];
  • first match with and defeat by Roberts, jun., [27];
  • beats him later, [28];
  • rapid rise, [28];
  • beats Roberts, sen., for championship, [29]–31;
  • remarkable breaks, [33], [34];
  • loses championship to Roberts, jun., [33], [41];
  • zenith of his career, [34]; [35], [36];
  • wins handicap, [36]; [39], [40];
  • beaten by Roberts, jun., [41], [42], [43], [46];
  • beaten by Joseph Bennett in championship match, [46];
  • beats and beaten by Roberts, jun., [47], [50];
  • unrivalled style, [120];
  • on the spot stroke, [265], [266], [268];
  • strength and execution, [370];
  • pool record, [412]
• ‘Cork Marker,’ the, his match with Carr, [9]
• Cork pool, description of, [429];
  • variation in play, [430];
  • bumble-puppy, [430]
• Corrugated iron billiard-rooms, [59]
• Cotton’s ‘Compleat Gamester,’ [5]
• Country-house games, [429]–432
• Coup, to run a, explanation of phrase, [105]
• Coups durs, [105], [230]
• Cover, meaning of the term, [105]
• Crawley, Captain, on pyramids, [391];
  • quotation about marker from his billiard book, [445]
• Cues, &c., [93]–103;
  • French butt, [93];
  • English butt, [93];
  • tips, [95], [96];
  • jointed, [96], [388];
  • splicing, [97];
  • mechanical accuracy in delivering, [115]–129;
  • hold of, [125];
  • use of — in the follow, [196];
  • in the screw back, [202];
  • in applying side, [203];
  • in the push stroke, [224];
  • ‘power’ of, [315];
  • necessity for accurate delivery of, [324]
• Cunningham, Colonel Allan, R.E., aid from, [3]
• Cushion-crawling, [283]
• Cushion nursery cannons, [348]–361;
  • breaks of — often spurious, [363]
• Cushions, [77];
  • covering with cloth, [81];
  • difficulty of square-cut, [145];
  • side acquired by friction with, [206];
  • nurseries, [348]–361
• Davis, George, [25]
• Dawson, Charles, [49], [51], [120];
  • simplicity of his game, [128]; [367]
• Defensive play, where advisable, [283]
• Diagrams, explanation of, [138]–139
• Diggle, Edward, [51], [120], [367]
• Double baulk, [105]
• Doubles, value of, [150];
  • in baulk, [150];
  • simple, [152]; [398], [400], [413], [416]
• Drag strokes, [116], [196];
  • used to overcome irregularities in ball or bed, [197]
• Dufton, John, [20]
• Dufton, William, ‘tutor to the Prince of Wales,’ [20];
  • match with Roberts, sen., [22];
  • his long jennies, [25];
  • an overrated player, [25]
• Dufton’s ‘Practical Billiards,’ on skittle pool, [435]
• Dummy balls, [101]
• Egan, Pierce, [9]
• Egyptian Hall, [51]
• Electric light in billiard-rooms, [61], [66], [67]
• Elementary instruction, [104];
  • mode of entering room, [104];
  • technical terms, [104]–106;
  • attitudes, [107];
  • formation of bridge, [108], [109];
  • the bridge bouclée, [109], [129];
  • cue delivery, [109];
  • practice with one ball, [110]–115;
  • strength, [112];
  • use of the rest, [113]–115;
  • use of the half-butt and long-butt, [115];
  • Mr. Pontifex’s memorandum, [115]–129;
  • a remarkable amateur feat, [116], [126]
• English butt, [93]
• Erection of billiard-table, [80]
• Etiquette of the billiard-room, [3], [104], [388], [440]–442
• Evans, Harry, [25], [26];
  • champion of Australia, [39]
• Feather stroke, [370]
• Fleming, John, defeats Roberts, sen., [16]
• Follow, the, importance of, [194];
  • increasing artificially, [195];
  • chief use, [196]
• Forcing hazards, [170]
• Ford, Mr., on markers, [428]; [445]
• Foul, definition of a, [105]
• Four-handed game, a bad school, [318];
  • a substitute for, [439]
• Fowler, Mr. W. H., his outside billiard-room, [59], [103]
• French butt, [93]
• French players on the game, [1]
• Gaiety Restaurant, matches at, [41], [43]
• ‘Game of Billiards,’ Kentfield’s, [10]
• Gas in billiard-rooms, [61]
• Gate-money, [365], [366]
• Gibbs, Mr. A., his billiard-room at Tyntesfield, [61]
• Gillows’ tables, [15]
• Green, W. E., [25], [53]
• Guildhall Tavern, matches at, [37]
• Half-butts, [97]
• Half-push, the, [228]
• Handicaps, [36], [39];
  • American system of, [40], [41], [43]; [436];
  • the same guiding rules for framing, [439]
• Hazards, winning, [142]–153; [320], [404];
  • plain strokes, [142];
  • middle pocket, [159], [422].
  • See Losing
• Herst, John, [21], [22], [25]
• Hiring billiard-tables, [85]
• Hitchin, W. C., [25]
• Hughes, Alfred, [25], [26], [36], [39]
• Hughes, Charles, [23], [24], [25], [26], [27], [367]
• Impact, divergence between point of aim and point of, [133]–135;
  • points of, [143];
  • rebound following, [164], [167]
• Implements of the game, [55] et seq.
• In hand, definition of the term, [105]
• Incandescent gas light, [66]
• India-rubber cushions, [77]
• Ironing billiard-table cloths, [79], [83]
• Ives, Frank, his matches with Roberts, jun., [53], [365], [372];
  • cannon play, [359];
  • makes 1,267 consecutive cannons, [369]
• Ivory balls, [86];
  • expense of, [91];
  • differ from bonzoline, [266]; [293]
• Jennies, [160];
  • method of playing, [239]
• Jump stroke, [250]
• Kentfield, Edwin (otherwise Jonathan), champion, [10];
  • his improvements, [10];
  • his book, [11];
  • his game 11; [12], [13], [14], [15];
  • interviewed by Roberts, sen., [17], [18];
  • refuses to play Roberts, [19]; [367]
• Kilkenny, Lewis, [25], [36], [38], [40]
• Kiss, the term explained, [105];
  • mode of playing the — stroke, [230]; [406]
• Knightsbridge, matches at, [53]
• Ladies, billiards as a game for, [440]
• Lamps, oil, for lighting billiard-rooms, [66]
• Leap stroke, method of making, [250]
• Lighting billiard-rooms, [66], [83]
• Lloyd, winner of 1895 Association Tournament, [54]
• Long-butts, [97]
• Losing hazards, short and long, [153]–172;
  • half-ball strokes, [154]; [156];
  • middle-pocket, [158];
  • jennies, [160];
  • long, [162];
  • care required in playing, [168];
  • forcing, [170];
  • inferiority to winning hazards, [172];
  • by use of follow, [218]–221; [371]
• Luck in playing, [303]
• MʻNeil, Hugh, [51]
• Mannock, J. P., [52]
• Mardon, Mr., writer on billiards, [8], [12], [17], [18], [19], [20]
• Marker, duties of the, [412], [414], [415], [428], [445];
  • services should be devoted to game and players alone, [446]
• Marking-boards, [99];
  • nickel-plated, [100]
• Massé stroke, method of playing, [255], [353]
• Matches, championship, [373]
• Measurements in billiards, approximate, [146];
  • how made, [147]
• Memmott, Charles, champion of Australia, [26], [39];
  • record of screw back spots, [48]; [52], [274]
• Miss, must be played with the point of cue, [284]
• Miss-cue, meaning of the term, [106]
• Mitchell, William, [43]–46;
  • as spot player, [44]–48;
  • beaten by Roberts, jun., even, [50]; [52], [228], [367]
• Mode of entering a billiard-room, [104], [441]
• Morris, Tom, [25], [26], [39]
• Moss, W., [35]
• Mulberry, George, [25]
• Nap of cloth, effect of playing with or against, [193], [207], [208], [270]
• Nearest ball pool, [431]
• ‘Nell Gwynne,’ Strand, match at, [24]
• Nerve in playing, [3], [305]–306
• North, John, his style, [47], [48], [119]
• Nursery cannons, [348]–361;
  • value of — on three-inch pocket table, [363]
• Oil lamps for lighting billiard-rooms, [66]
• One-ball practice. See Elementary instruction
• Oriental Club, plan of room, [57], [62]
• Orme & Sons, their automatic arrangement for returning balls, [86]; [323]
• Over-caution in playing, evils of, [318]
• Partie Américaine dite du cadre, [364]
• Peall, W. J., aid from, [4]; [44];
  • remarkable breaks, [45]; [46], [48];
  • defeats Roberts, jun., [49], [50];
  • present position, [51]; [52];
  • weight of his cue, [94];
  • consecutive screw back spot strokes, [274]; [282];
  • turning a corner at cushion nurseries, [359]; [367]
• Peall cushion rest, [98] n.
• Pendleton, Tom, [16]
• Penrhyn slates, [73]
• Pipeclay for marking baulk-lines, [83]
• Piqué strokes, mode of playing, [256]
• Plain strokes, [142]–188
• Plan of billiard-table, [74], [75]
• Plants, definition of, [106];
  • method of playing, [244];
  • laws which govern them unknown, [246];
  • in pyramids, [400]
• Players, system of classifying, [302];
  • difference in, [303];
  • luck, [303]
• Pneumatic cushions, [79]
• Pockets of billiard-tables, [11], [69];
  • blind, [146], [150];
  • Billiard Association standard, [362], [368]
• Pontifex, Mr. Dudley D., aid from, [3];
  • memorandum by, [115], [325]
• Pook, John, Kentfield’s manager, [18]
• Pool basket, [101], [253]–254
• Pool, importance of playing for position in, [145];
  • useful as winning hazard practice, [320];
  • description of the game, [408];
  • rules and penalties, [410];
  • safety and hazards, [411];
  • starring, [411];
  • playing for cannons, [411];
  • measuring distances, [412];
  • marker’s duty, [412];
  • the opening stroke, [412];
  • Cook’s record, [412];
  • doubles, [150], [400], [413];
  • story concerning consecutive doubles, [413];
  • anecdote about sharpers, [413], [414];
  • for other varieties of the game, see Black pool, Black and pink, Cork, Nearest ball, Selling, Single, Skittle, Snooker, Three-pool
• Porker, Mr., his match with Mr. Mardon, [12]
• Position mère, [329]; [351]
• ‘Practical Billiards,’ Dufton’s, on skittle pool, [435]
• Pratt, his style, [9];
  • match with a stranger, [10]
• Precautions in play, [259]
• Prince of Wales, the, See Wales, Prince of
• Prince of Wales’s Hotel, Moss Street, Manchester, matches at, [28]
• Professionals, rate of scoring, [307]
• Push stroke, the, [52];
  • method of playing, [224]; [370];
  • its permissibility, [382];
  • character defined, [383];
  • so-called proofs of foulness, [383], [384];
  • objections to striking twice, [385], [386];
  • the case for and against, [386]
• Pyramids, [33];
  • importance of playing for position in, [145];
  • general hints concerning, [388];
  • salient points of the game, [389];
  • rules regarding, [390];
  • handicapping players, [390];
  • setting up the balls, [391];
  • ways of playing the first stroke, [391];
  • safety, [392];
  • making a series of hazards, [392];
  • plants and doubles, [394];
  • when the object ball is close to a cushion, [396];
  • useful strokes, [396]–406;
  • good break by an Undergraduate, [407]
• Queen’s Club, [116]
• Quill stroke, [370]
• Rebound following impact, [164], [167]
• Referees, duties of, [444]
• Rencontres, [105], [230]
• Rests, [98], [115]
• Richards, matches with Roberts, sen., [367]
• Richards, D., [25], [27], [41], [120]
• Right-angled screw, the, [198]
• Rimington-Wilson, Mr. R. H. R., aid from, [4];
  • on the top-of-the-table game, [325];
  • on cannon nurseries, [359];
  • on the professional championship, [366]
• Roberts, John, jun., [11], [23], [25], [26], [27], [28];
  • beats Cook for the championship, [33];
  • beats A. Bowles, [33];
  • beaten by Joseph Bennett, [34];
  • defeats Bennett, [33], [34]; [40];
  • again beats Cook for championship, [41]; [43], [46];
  • in India, [47];
  • defeats and is beaten by Cook, [47]; [48];
  • beaten by Peall, [49];
  • beats Cook and Joseph Bennett for championship, [50];
  • beats Mitchell, [50];
  • beaten by Peall, spots only, [50];
  • challenged by Peall, [51];
  • his wonderful play, [51];
  • matches with Ives, [53], [359], [365];
  • his long spot-barred breaks, [54];
  • weight of his cue, [94];
  • admirable cue delivery, [116];
  • ease and grace of style, [119];
  • skill, [121], [125], [127], [128], [212], [268];
  • good at the spot stroke, [274]; [370];
  • offer to assist in recasting rules of the game, [375];
  • on the push stroke, [386]
• Roberts, John, sen., [12], [13];
  • contrasted with Kentfield, [14], [15];
  • rapid rise, [16];
  • taught the spot stroke by Mr. Lee Birch, [16];
  • interviews Kentfield, [17], [18];
  • champion, [19]; [21];
  • lessee of Saville House, Leicester Square, [22];
  • his famous break of 346 in a match with William Dufton, [22];
  • matches with Alfred Bowles and Charles Hughes, [23], [24]; [26], [28];
  • defeated by Cook, [31];
  • endurance match with an amateur, [32]; [367]
• Rotation of ball, [189]–214;
  • cause of, [192];
  • round horizontal axis, forward, [194];
  • backward, [196];
  • round vertical axis, [202]
• Royal Aquarium, Westminster, [43], [44], [45], [49], [50], [368]
• ‘R.-W. Billiard Diagram Notebook,’ [398]
• Rudolph, match with Cook, [40]
• Rules of billiards, [374];
  • defective character, [374];
  • proposed revision, [375];
  • penalties for infringing, [375];
  • suggestions respecting, [376]–386;
  • discriminating between the act of aiming and the act of striking, [377];
  • playing a miss otherwise than with the point of the cue, [378];
  • playing with the wrong ball, [378];
  • foul strokes, [379];
  • when player’s ball touches another ball, [379];
  • offences committed by persons other than the players, [380];
  • spectators offering advice, [376], [380];
  • obstructing players, [380];
  • obstruction of the striker by the non-striker, [381];
  • how far the marker may assist either player, [381];
  • the push stroke, [382];
  • the half-push, [384];
  • striking a ball twice, [384];
  • chief objections to the push stroke, [385], [386]
• Safety, when to be sought for, [283];
  • pocketing an adversary’s ball, [285];
  • double baulk, [290]
• St. James’s Hall, [30], [47], [368]
• St. Martin chalk, [99]
• Sala, J. G., record of consecutive screw back spots, [48]; [274]
• Samson, Mr., architect, [60], [62];
  • designs by, [64]–65
• Scoring, different rate of, between amateurs and professionals, [307]
• Screw, the, [196], [197], [247];
  • right-angled, [198];
  • regulation of strength necessary in playing, [198];
  • importance of regulating, [200];
  • close, [250]
• Selling pool, principle of the game, [429]
• Seymour, William, [116]
• ‘Sharping’ in billiard-rooms, [413], [414]
• Shell-out, the game of, [407], [408]
• Shorter, Fred, wins love game from Bennett, [41]–42;
  • beats Cook, [42];
  • beats Taylor, [42];
  • forfeits to Bennett, [47]
• Side, transmission of, [194], [202];
  • acquired by friction with cushion, [206];
  • imparting, [315];
  • can it be communicated by one ball to another?, [443].
  • See Rotation
• Skittle pool, description of, [431];
  • rules, [432];
  • usual way of playing, [434]
• Skylight sashes for ventilating billiard-rooms, [62]
• Slates for billiard-tables, [73]–77
• Smoking in billiard-room, [442]
• Snooker, [408];
  • variations in rules, [424];
  • general method of play, [424];
  • penalties, [425], [426];
  • main object of player, [427];
  • the element of luck, [427]
• Spiller, William, [52]
• Spot stroke, the, [11], [16];
  • agitation against, [39];
  • result of barring, [172];
  • constant practice required for success, [264];
  • danger of using, [265];
  • its genuineness, [266];
  • ivory and bonzoline balls in playing, [266];
  • use of chalk, [267];
  • method of playing, [268];
  • its limits, [269];
  • the screw back, [273];
  • the stab, [276];
  • must be taught by a master, [279];
  • methods adopted to continue break or obtain safety, [279];
  • invaluable as practice for winning hazard play, [282]; [320]
• Spot-barred breaks, [45]
• Spot stroke tables, [85]
• Spots, inadvisability of altering, [153]
• Stab, the, use of in playing cannons, [182];
  • and spot stroke, [276]
• Stakes, advantages and disadvantages of playing for, [436]
• Stammers, [36], [39]
• Standard Association tables, [71]
• Stanley, S. W., [25], [33], [36], [37], [38], [39], [40], [41]
• Starke, defeated by Roberts, sen., [19];
  • further matches with him, [21]
• Stevenson, H. W., [27], [52]
• Strength, definition of, [106]
• String, to, meaning of, [106]
• Strokes, following, [194];
  • screw, [196], [247];
  • practising, [208];
  • massé, [214], [255];
  • miscellaneous, [215];
  • fine, [222];
  • push and half-push, [224];
  • bricole, [226], [242];
  • kiss, [230];
  • jennies, [239];
  • plants, [244];
  • close screws, [250];
  • leap or jump, [250];
  • piqué, [255];
  • compensations, [260];
  • spot, [264]
• Style, [112]
• Tables. See Billiard-tables
• Taylor, Tom, [36], [37], [39], [40], [41], [42], [44], [47], [48], [368]
• Templates, [71]
• Terms, billiard, technical, explained, [104]–106
• Three-ball practice, [142] et seq.
• Three-inch pocket table. See Championship table
• Three-pool, [413];
  • strange occurrence at, [413];
  • principles of the game, [415], [416]
• Thurston, John, [10];
  • his improvement of tables, [11]
• Thurston & Co., [55]
• Timbrell, William, [40], [43]
• ‘Times,’ the, quoted on the push stroke, [386]
• Tips of cues, [95];
  • process of tipping, [95];
  • cleaning, [95];
  • renovating, [96]
• Tobin tubes for ventilating billiard-rooms, [61]
• Top-of-the-table game, the, [325]–348
• ‘Twisting chalk,’ Carr’s, [7]
• Two-ball practice, [130]–141
• Union Club, Manchester, [14], [16]
• Ventilation in billiard-rooms, [59], [62]
• Vignaux, M., aid from his book, [3];
  • cited, [189], [206], [259], [327], [351], [440]
• Vulcanite cushions, [77]
• Wales, Prince of, [20];
  • at championship match, [29];
  • at match Roberts v. Cook, Newmarket, [47]
• Walker, Mr. Russell D., aid from, [3];
  • on the championship, [366], [367]
• Warming billiard-rooms, [60], [63]
• White, Fred, [49]
• Wilson, R., [44]
• Winning hazards, [142]–153;
  • confidence required, [320]
• Wright & Co., [55], [71]

PRINTED BY

SPOTTISWOODE AND CO., NEW-STREET SQUARE

LONDON

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[1]. If a man wants to play fast he would surely select the worst—not the best—player as antagonist.—Ed.

[2]. It is difficult to believe in the possibility of scoring over 700 points in an hour with the imperfect implements then in use; half that number is probably nearer the truth.—Ed.

[3]. Alfred Bennett died after these lines were in type.

[4]. Roberts twice in 1894, during exhibition games, exceeded 1,000 in spot-barred breaks, making 1,033 and 1,392.

[5]. The raised woodwork above the leads.

[6]. I do not, of course, mean that the spot stroke is a one-position stroke—far from it; but from an ordinary spectator’s point of view it is summed up in the words ‘potting the red ad infinitum.’

[7]. Formerly only four slates were used, with the result that a joint ran straight across the table from the centre of one middle pocket to the other. If, then, warping or subsidence of the floor ensued, an ugly ridge arose opposite the pocket, making it unmissable from one side, and almost impossible from the other.

[8]. Battens are screwed to the slates in order to take the tacks which fasten down the cloth.

[9]. Each ball weighs about 4⅔ ounces.

[10]. The jointed cue with a spare top joint renders the above devices unnecessary, and they are all open to some objection.

[11]. An excellent cushion rest, capable of being used as an ordinary rest, is that known as the Peall Cushion Rest, which possesses the advantages of simplicity and ease of handling.

[12]. See illustration, p. [129].

[13]. Often called the half-ball angle, both definitions being very inaccurate; but they are in common use, and generally understood.

[14]. Or restitution, the effect of compression.

[15]. The Americans term what we call side ‘English’ or ‘twist.’

[16]. Delarue, Paris.

[17]. Memmott has made, we believe, the extraordinary number of 423 consecutive screw back spot strokes.

[18]. For a description of this game, see pp. [29]–31.

[19]. Taylor’s cannons were made on balls jammed in the jaws of the pocket; Ives’ cannons were made on balls well outside of the jaws.

[20]. The numbers quoted are those of the Billiard Association’s Rules.

[21]. The rules do not say for how many balls the offender has to pay: presumably all that are left on the table are scored to his adversary.

[22]. See pp. [148] and [244].

[23]. Published by Webster, 60 Piccadilly.

[24]. The numbers quoted are those of the Association Rules.

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TRANSCRIBER’S NOTES

1. P. [302], changed “à force de forger on devient forgeron” to “à force de forger en devient forgeron”.
2. Silently corrected obvious typographical errors and variations in spelling.
3. Retained archaic, non-standard, and uncertain spellings as printed.
4. Re-indexed footnotes using numbers and collected together at the end of the last chapter.