ANALYTICAL TABLE OF CONTENTS

STREET CLEANING
PAGE
Contract versus Municipal Cleaning[5]
Philadelphia, experience of[5]
Washington, experience of[5]
Elements of Street Cleaning Program[3]
Classes of street litter[4]
Lack of accurate data[4]
Records[4]
Methods of Reducing Litter[5]
Carelessness of Citizens[6]
How public and officials can cooperate[8]
Philadelphia’s plan[7]
Preventive work[8]
Educational campaigns[6]
Street Cleaning Factors and Standards[9]
Conditions and factor[9]
Horse traffic[10]–[11]
Paving and repair policy[11]–[12]–[13]
Quantity and volume of dirt[11]
Schedule of Street Cleaning[14]
Amount and character of cleaning affected by kinds of pavement[15]
Assignments[16]
Block system[14]
Organization of employees[15]
Unit of work[15]
Spring Cleaning[16]
Character of pavement a factor[17]
Rates per man[17]
Number of men required in gang[16]
Unit cost according to character and kinds of pavement[17]
Sprinkling[17]
Bureau of Municipal Research, Milwaukee, Wis., Cost data[19]
Dust prevention[17]
Effect on pavement[18]
Experts, opinions of[18]–[19]
Ordinances and regulations[20]
Practices in various cities[21]
Sprinkling by railway companies[20]
Methods[22]
Patrol system[22]
Area a sweeper can clean[22]
Philadelphia’s system[24]
Machine Sweeping[24]
Cost[26]
Experts, opinions of[25]
Los Angeles, Cal., report[28]
Oakland, Cal., experience of[27]
Pomona, Cal.[28]
Flushing[29]
Atlanta Sanitary Dept., report of[29]
Bureau of Municipal Research, Milwaukee, Wis., report of cost data[31]–[32]
Experts, opinion of[29]–[30]
Effect on pavement[31]
Machine[30]–[31]
Railway car flushing[32]
Hose Flushing[33]
New York City, experience of[33]–[34]
Squeegeeing[34]
Horse drawn squeegees, cost of operation[35]
Methods[34]
Milwaukee, report of[35]
Motor drawn squeegees[35]–[36]
Square yards per day cleaned[37]
Combination of methods[37]–[38]
Danger of clogging sewers[35]–[36]–[37]
Disposal of Street Refuse[38]
Experience of cities[38]
Length of haul[38]
Used as fill[38]
Relative Cost of Street Cleaning[39]
Experts, opinions of[39]
U. S. Census Bureau, investigation of[39]
SEWAGE DISPOSAL
Bureau of Surveys, Philadelphia Testing Station[72]
Composition of Sewage[72]
Importance of Sewage Disposal Problem[71]
Massachusetts State Board of Health conclusions[72]
Preliminary Study[72]
The Sewerage System[73]
Authorities, opinion of[73]–[74]
Domestic Wastes[74]
Degree of Purification[75]
Trade and industrial wastes[77]
Processes of Treatment[78]
Main group[78]
Chemical precipitation[91]–[92]
Colloidal tanks[85]
Dilution[80]–[81]
Grit Chambers[82]–[83]
Plain sedimentation[84]–[85]
Preliminary or preparatory[78]
Screening[81]–[82]
Septic tank treatment[85]
  Imhoff tanks[87]–[88]–[89]–[90]–[91]
  Cameron tanks[85]–[86]–[87]
Single contact beds[93]–[94]
Straining or roughing[83]–[84]
Slate beds[92]–[93]
Final process[78]
Dosing chambers[93]
Double contact beds[93]–[94]–[95]–[96]
Trickling-sprinkling filters[96]–[97]
Intermittent sand filters[98]–[99]
Broad irrigation[100]–[101]
Disinfection[100]
Hypo-chlorite of lime[101]
Liquid chlorine[101]
Activated sludge process[101]–[102]–[103]–[104]
Combination of processes[79]
Electrolytic process[104]
Efficiency of processes[80]
Management and supervision[108]–[109]
Miles acid sludge process[105]
Sludge disposal and value[106]–[107]–[108]
Trade wastes[105]
ASHES AND RUBBISH
Collection Systems:
Types of systems[120]–[121]
Combined[121]–[122]–[123]
Separate[120]–[122]–[123]
Method of collection:
Municipal[123]–[124]
Contract[124]
Private[123]
Districting the city[124]–[125]
Organization of force[125]
Type of equipment[126]–[127]–[128]
Cans[126]
Vehicles[127]–[128]
Location of receptacles[128]–[129]
Time of collection[129]–[130]
Frequency of collection[130]–[131]
Enforcement of regulations[131]
Disposal of Ashes and Rubbish[132]
Dumping[132]
Burning[132]–[133]
Revenue from By-Products[133]–[134]
Specifications[135]–[136]–[137]
Efficiency Tests and Suggestions[138]–[139]
Per Capita Production[139]
Cost data[140]
GARBAGE COLLECTION AND DISPOSAL
Types of Collection Systems[152]–[153]–[154]
Combined[153]
Separate[153]
Method of Collection[154]–[155]–[156]
Scavengers[154]
Contract[154]–[155]
City[154]–[155]
Organization[156]–[157]–[158]
Districts[156]
Force[157]–[158]
House treatment[156]
Receptacles[158]
Vehicles[159]–[160]
Motors vs. horse drawn[160]–[161]–[162]–[163]
Collection Regulations[164]–[165]–[166]
Cost of Collection[166]–[167]
Per Capita Production[167]–[168]
Garbage Disposal[168]–[169]
Feeding to swine[169]–[170]–[171]–[172]–[173]–[174]
Dumping on land[175]
Dumping in large bodies of water[175]
Disposal by sanitary fill[175]–[176]–[177]
Burial[178]
Disposal Plants[178]–[179]–[180]–[181]
Incineration[181]
Crematories[181]–[182]–[186]
Destructors[183]–[184]–[185]–[186]–[187]
Reduction[187]–[190]
Cooking[188]–[189]
Drying[189]
By-Products[190]–[191]–[192]
CARE AND DISPOSAL OF MANURE
Methods of Collection[203]
Municipal[204]–[205]
Private[204]
Contract[204]
Municipal Regulations[206]–[207]–[208]–[209]–[210]
For care and storage of manure[206]–[207]–[208]–[210]
For transportation of manure[206]–[207]–[208]
For disposal of manure[206]–[207]–[208]
MUNICIPAL CLEAN-UP CAMPAIGN
History of the Movement[213]–[214]
Initiating a Campaign[214]–[215]
Organization[215]–[216]–[217]
Publicity plans[217]–[218]–[219]–[220]–[221]–[222]
Cooperating forces[222]–[223]–[224]–[225]–[226]–[227]
Work of children[222]–[223]–[224]–[225]–[226]
Work of organizations[225]–[226]–[227]
Special Activities[227]–[228]
Cleaning roofs[227]
School gardens[228]
Planting trees[228]
Fire Prevention and Inspection[228]–[229]
Sanitary Inspectors[230]
Flies and Mosquitoes[230]–[231]
Results of Campaigns[231]–[232]