VERBS WITH INCEPTIVE ENDINGS
This type consists of verbs whose infinitives end in —cer and —cir preceded by a vowel. In these verbs a z is inserted before c in the present indicative and subjunctive, in all forms whose endings begin with o or a; that is, in the first person of the present indicative, and all six forms of the present subjunctive. All other forms are regular.
39. Conocer, to know.
Presente de Indicativo: conozco.
Presente de Subjuntivo: conozca, conozcas, conozca, conozcamos, conozcáis, conozcan.
40. Traducir, to translate.
Presente de Indicativo: traduzco.
Presente de Subjuntivo: traduzca, traduzcas, traduzca, traduzcamos, traduzcáis, traduzcan.
Certain verbs ending in —iar and —uar require an accent on the i or the u in the present indicative and subjunctive, all of the singular and the third person plural, and in the imperative singular. There is no rule to determine what verbs are treated in this way. For example, enviar makes the change and estudiar does not.
41. Enviar, to send.
Presente de Indicativo: envío, envías, envía; envían.
Presente de Subjuntivo: envíe, envíes, envíe; envíen.
Imperativo: envía.
42. Continuar, to continue.
Presente de Indicativo: continúo, continúas, continúa; continúan.
Presente de Subjuntivo: continúe, continúes, continúe; continúen.
Imperativo: continúa.