Fig. 15a. AN ISOMETRIC PERSPECTIVE DRAWING OF A BOX
Fig. 15. B, A TOP PLAN VIEW OF THE BOX. C, A SIDE PLAN VIEW OF THE BOX. D, AN END PLAN VIEW OF THE BOX
To show the top, bottom, sides and ends of a box, or other device, you don’t need to draw out the whole thing in perspective but you can make a flat, or plan view of each part as shown at B, C and D in Fig. 15, that is an outline drawing shown as though you were looking squarely at it in the center and with the measurements marked upon it.
If now you will make a set of these working drawings of, say, a box and draw each part to scale, that is measured off in proportion, as shown in B, C and D, and saw out of a board the top, bottom, sides and ends and nail them together you will have a box like that shown in perspective at A.
Fig. 15. E, A CROSS SECTION VIEW OF THE BOX. F, DETAILED DRAWING OF THE HOOK
Plan views are easy to draw because they are formed of horizontal and vertical lines, and wheels are shown as true circles. After making your plan views, though, the safest way is to make a perspective drawing to the same scale for when you are looking at a square object as it really is it always appears larger than the plan views would indicate. But this is ahead of the story.
Now suppose you wanted to show how the box would look if it was sawed lengthwise through the middle. You simply make a cross-section view of it as shown at E and any one who knows how to read drawings will understand it. To show the hook on the front of the box more clearly it can be drawn separately as at F and this is called a detail drawing.
Exactly in the same way any device, apparatus or machine can be shown by top, side and end views and by cross-section and detail drawings.