[1657] Dio Cass. xlix. 15.
[1658] On Gordian’s revolt in Africa the laurelled fasces were immediately assumed (Herodian vii. 6; Vita Maximini 14).
[1659] Originally twelve, later twenty-four (Dio Cass. lxvii. 4).
[1660] Dio Cass. li. 19.
[1661] ib.
[1662] For the reverence to the statue of the deified Emperor see Suet. Tib. 58 “genus calumniae (sc. majestatis) eo processit ut haec quoque capitalia essent: circa Augusti simulacrum servum cecidisse, vestimenta mutasse, nummo vel annulo effigiem impressam latrinae aut lupanari intulisse.” For the right of asylum attaching to the living Emperor’s image see Tac. Ann. iii. 36; Gaius Inst. i. 53.
[1663] Tertull. Apol. 28 “citius ... apud vos per omnes deos quam per unum genium Caesaris pejeratur.” In the official oath taken by the magistrates of Salpensa and Malaca the deified Caesars and the genius of the living Caesar come between Jupiter and the di Penates. (Bruns Fontes.)
[1664] On Seneca’s question with reference to Agrippina (59 A.D.) “an militi imperanda caedes esset,” the answer is “praetorianos toti Caesarum domui obstrictos ... nihil ... atrox ausuros.” Caligula specifically included the names of his sisters in the sacramentum (Dio Cass. lix. 9)
[1665] Mommsen Staatsr. ii. p. 831.
[1666] Mon. Ancyr. iii. 5; Dio Cass. lix. 8.