[70]. Published by Meissner, Beiträge zum altbabylonischen Privatrecht, No. 43 (with corrections by Pinches); a translation is given by Peiser, Keilschriftliche Bibliothek, iv. pp. 23-25.
[71]. Gen. xxiii. 18. The Hebrew expression ‘In the presence of’ is the same as that which is translated ‘Witnessed by’ in the Babylonian documents.
[72]. Babylonian shaqâlu kaspa, Hebrew shâqal [eth-hak-] keseph.
[73]. According to Professor Flinders Petrie, the heavy maneh or mina as fixed by Dungi and restored by Nebuchadrezzar weighed 978,309 grammes. An example of it is now in the British Museum. See Lehmann in the Verhandlungen der Anthropologischen Gesellschaft, 1893, p. 27.
[74]. The identification is, however, doubtful, since only potsherds of the Roman period are visible at Umm Jerâr, which, moreover, according to Palmer (Name-lists in the Survey of Western Palestine, p. 420), is merely Umm el-Jerrâr, ‘the mother of water-pots.’
[75]. Beti-ilu (Winckler’s Tel el-Amarna Letters, Nos. 51, 125) is associated with Tunip and the country of Nukhassê. The reading of the name is not quite certain, however, as it may be transcribed Batti-ilu or Mitti-ilu. A Babylonian of the Abrahamic age also has the name of Beta-ili.
[76]. The title seems to have been of Horite origin (see Gen. xxxvi. 21, 29, 30).
[77]. It is noticeable that the Edomite leader who was carried captive to Egypt by Ramses III. after he had destroyed ‘the tents’ of ‘the Shasu in Seir,’ is entitled ‘chieftain,’ and not ‘king.’ There is a portrait of him on the walls of Medînet Habu at Thebes.
[78]. For another explanation of the name, see Gen. xxv. 26; Hos. xii. 3.
[79]. Jacob-el is written Ya’akub-ilu; Joseph-el, Yasupu-ilu and Yasup-il, which is found in a list of slaves of the same early age (Bu. 91-5-9, 324). In the same list mention is made of land belonging to Adunum, the Heb. adon, and to Nakha-ya, which is a parallel formation to the Heb. Noah. In a tablet dated in the reign of Zabium, the founder of the dynasty to which Khammu-rabi or Amraphel belonged, we find the name of Ya-kh-ku-ub-il, i.e. Ya’qub-il (Bu. 91-5-9, 387).