(21) Ptolemy of Mendes, historian, a.d. 1. Wrote a history of Egypt in three (?) books, now lost.
(22) Strabo of Amasia, geographer, a.d. 20. Travelled in Egypt. The last (17th) book of his great work on geography is devoted to Egypt.
(23) Apion of El-Khargeh, grammarian and historian, a.d. 40. Pleaded for the Alexandrines against Philo and the Jews before Caligula. Wrote a history of Egypt in five books, the third of which discussed the Hebrew Exodus; now lost.
(24) Khairêmôn of Naukratis, stoic philosopher, a.d. 50. Was Nero's teacher. Wrote an account of Egypt and an explanation of the hieroglyphics; now lost.
(25) Josephus, son of the Jewish priest Matthias, born a.d. 37, received his freedom and the name of Flavius, a.d. 69. Quotes from Manetho, Lysimakhos, etc., in his Antiquities of the Jews and Contra Apionem.
(26) Plutarch of Khaironeia, moralist, a.d. 125. Wrote at Delphi his treatise on Isis and Osiris, which is of great value for the history of the Osiris-myth.
(27) Ptolemy of Alexandria, geographer, a.d. 160. Egypt is thoroughly and scientifically treated in his great work on geography.
(28) St. Clement of Alexandria, head of the Alexandrine (Christian) School, a.d. 191-220. Many references to Egyptian history and religion in his Strômateis. He divides Egyptian writing into hieroglyphic, hieratic and epistolographic (or demotic), the first being further divided into alphabetic and symbolic, and the symbolic characters into imitative, figurative and rebus-like.
(29) Julius Africanus, Christian apologist, wrote in a.d. 221 his Chronology, in five books; now lost.
(30) Porphyry of Batanea, a.d. 233-305, wrote a history of the Ptolemies; now lost.