3 Gr. petra.

a Some understand ver. 16f. as showing that they had never before believed him to be the Messiah, and so hold that the other Gospels here utterly conflict with John, who represents the first disciples (§§ [28], [35]) as believing Jesus to be the Messiah. But it is easy to suppose that their early faith in his Messiahship was shaken by his continued failure to gather armies and set up the expected temporal kingdom, and while still believing him to have a divine mission they had questioned whether he was the Messiah, as John the Baptist did in prison ([§ 57]). Observe that in Matthew and Luke he long before this time distinctively implied that he was the Messiah, in response to the Forerunner's inquiries ([§ 57]). Besides, at the Baptism and the Temptation, the Synoptic Gospels represent Jesus as the Son of God.

b It is interesting to note that the imagery employed by Jesus here all appears in Ps. 89, a Messianic Psalm built on 2 Sam. 7. Thus note "build" in Ps. 89:4, "rock" in 89:26, "anointed" in 89:38, "the power of Sheol" in 89:48, and the Psalm discusses the perpetuity of the Davidic throne (Kingdom). Jesus applies this imagery to the spiritual Kingdom that He is building.

§ 83. JESUS DISTINCTLY FORETELLS THAT HE, THE MESSIAH, WILL BE REJECTED AND KILLED, AND WILL RISE THE THIRD DAY

Mark 8:31-37Matt. 16:21-26Luke 9:22-25

31 And he began to
teach them, that the
Son of man must
suffer many things,
and be rejected by the
elders, and the chief
priests, and the
scribes, and be killed,
and after three days
rise again. 32 And he
spake the saying
openly. And Peter
took him, and began
to rebuke him. 33 But
he turning about, and
seeing his disciples,
rebuked Peter, and
saith, Get thee behind
me, Satan: for thou
mindest not the
things of God, but
the things of men.
34 And he called unto
him the multitude
with his disciples, and
said unto them, If
any man would come
after me, let him
deny himself, and
take up his cross,
and follow me. 35 For
whosoever would save
his 3life shall lose it;
and whosoever shall
lose his 3life for my
sake and the gospel's
shall save it. 36 For
what doth it profit a
man, to gain the
whole world, and
forfeit his 3life? 37 For
what should a man
give in exchange for
his 3life?
21 From that time
began 1Jesus to shew
unto his disciples,
how that he must go
unto Jerusalem, and
suffer many things of
the elders and chief
priests and scribes,
and be killed, and
the third day be
raised up.
22 And
Peter took him, and
began to rebuke him,
saying, 2Be it far
from thee, Lord: this
shall never be unto
thee. 23 But he turned,
and said unto Peter,
Get thee behind me,
Satan: thou art a
stumbling-block unto
me: for thou mindest
not the things of
God, but the things
of men. 24 Then said
Jesus unto his
disciples, If any man
would come after me,
let him deny himself,
and take up his cross,
and follow me. 25 For
whosoever would save
his 3life shall lose it:
and whosoever shall
lose his 3life for my
sake shall find it.
26 For what shall a man
be profited, if he shall
gain the whole world,
and forfeit his 3life?
or what shall a man
give in exchange for
his 3life?

22 saying, The Son
of man must suffer
many things, and be
rejected of the elders
and chief priests and
scribes, and be killed,
and the third day be
raised up.

23 And he
said unto all, If any
man would come
after me, let him deny
himself, and take up
his cross daily, and
follow me. 24 For
whosoever would save
his 3life shall lose it;
but whosoever shall
lose his 3life for my
sake, the same shall
save it. 25 For what is
a man profited, if he
gain the whole
world, and lose or
forfeit his own self?

1 Some ancient authorities read Jesus Christ.

2 Or, God have mercy on thee.

3 Or, soul.