Some four hundred miles northwest of Baghdád.
Shikastih—broken—a cursive or half-shorthand script, is thought to have been invented at the close of the seventeenth century, in Hirát.
Gawhar Khánum’s marriage to Bahá’u’lláh took place in Baghdád. She remained with her brother in that city when Bahá’u’lláh left ‘Iráq and later proceeded to Akká at His instruction. While traveling from Baghdád to Mosul, she was made captive together with other believers, among them Zaynu’l-Muqarrabín. Bahá’u’lláh makes reference to this captivity in His Tablet to the Sháh.
Gawhar Khánum broke the Covenant of Bahá’u’lláh following His passing. She passed away during the ministry of ‘Abdu’l-Bahá.
Qur’án 76:9.
A famed calligrapher who lived and wrote at the court of Sháh-‘Abbás, the Safaví (1557–1628).
Mishk is musk. Mishkín-Qalam means either musk-scented pen, or jet black pen.
Qur’án 61:4.
In some of this artist’s productions, the writing was so arranged as to take the forms of birds. When E. G. Browne was in Persia, he was told that “these would be eagerly sought after by Persians of all classes, were it not that they all bore, as the signature of the penman, the following verse:
Dar díyár-i-khaṭṭ sháh-i-sáhib-‘álam