[111] Compare Castañeda, Voyage de Cibola, ii. cap. iv. pp. 171, 172. "There is a piece reserved for the kitchen, and another one for to grind the corn. This last one is apart; in it is found an oven and three stones sealed in masonry." Simpson, Journal, etc, p. 62, description of a fireplace.
[112] Simpson, p. 62, Fireplace and Smoke-escape at the Pueblo of Santo Domingo. The vent was directly over the hearth. I expect to visit Santo Domingo shortly.
[113] Mr. Thomas Munn found about the church a stone hatchet, a fragment of a stone pipe (?), and many arrow-heads. These he kindly promised to me, even authorizing me to get them at the place where he had deposited them, and which lay on the line of my daily tramp to the ruins. Unfortunately, when I reached the place, the objects were already gone.
Mrs. Kozlowski informed me that copper rings (bracelets) were of very common occurrence among the ruins. Her statement was fully confirmed by Sr. Baca and others. She also spoke of "the heads of little idols" having been plentiful at one time. Gaspar Castaño de la Sosa, Memoria del Descubrimiento, etc., Documentos Inéditos, vol. xv. p. 244, speaking of a pueblo which is evidently Pecos, says: "Porque tiene muchos ídolos que atras nos olvidaba de declarar." Antonio de Espejo, El Viaje que hizo ... in Hackluyt's Voyages, Navigations, and Discoveries of the English Nation, 1600 a.d., pp. 457-464. A somewhat abbreviated and frequently unreliable copy of Espejo's letter, dated "Sant Salvador de la Nueva-España, 23 April, 1584," mentions a district two days east from Bernalillo, inhabited by pueblo Indians: "Los quales tienen y adoran ídolos."
[114] On first sight this building appears circular, but I soon became satisfied that it was a rectangle.
[115] They may have been the "almacenas", or granaries (storage-rooms), of which I speak further on. "Outhouses" are referred to by Castañeda. (Part ii. cap. iv. p. 172.)
[116] One or the other may also have been an Estufa, for I saw no round structures about B. Castañeda (part ii. cap. iv. p. 169) says: "There are square and round ones." It is true that the Estufas are usually in the courts; but when there was no court, as in this case, there could be no Estufa inside.
[117] [Pl. I.], Fig. 5, shows cross-sections of the "body" of the mesilla on which A stands, along the lines indicated. The surface of A was therefore very irregular and difficult to build upon for people who could not remove and fit the hard rock.
[118] This may have been caused, in part, by filling with rubbish from the surrounding walls.
[119] Such double houses are mentioned by Castañeda (part ii. cap. v. p. 177). Speaking of "Cicuyé," he says: "Those houses fronting outwards ('du coté de la campagne') are backed up ('adossées') against those which stand towards the court."