| Koneage[119] | Koneage | Koneage | Koneage | Means[120] of the four from Kodiak Island | Aglegm-jute (Alaska Peninsula) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Skull: | ||||||
| Length | 17.1 | 16.4 | 17.2 | 16.8 | 16.88 | 19.0 |
| Breadth | 13.8 | 15.7 | 15.8 | 14.4 | 14.93 | 13.7 |
| Height | 13.1 | 14.4 | 14.0 | 13.2 | 13.68 | 14.1 |
| Cranial index | 80.7 | 95.7 | 91.8 | 85.7 | 88.4 | 72.1 |
| Nose: | ||||||
| Length | 4.7 | 5.3 | 5.7 | 5.9 | 5.40 | 5.8 |
| Breadth | 2.4 | 2.5 | 2.6 | 2.3 | 2.45 | 2.3 |
| Nasal index | 51.0 | 47.1 | 46.6 | 39.0 | 45.4 | 39.6 |
| Orbital index | 87.5 | 97.6 | 92.7 | 80.9 | 89.7 | 88.1 |
In 1900 Sergi[121] reports on four Kodiak skulls that he examined in Paris. Two of these are probably Aleut (or Indian). The cranial indices were, respectively, 75.8, 78.3, 88, and 88.2.
In 1916 E. W. Hawkes presented a thesis on the "Skeletal Measurements and Observations on the Point Barrow Eskimo, with Comparisons from other Eskimo Groups."[122] The number of skulls measured was 27, of which 14 were identified as adult males, 5 adult females, 6 adolescents, and 2 infants. In addition there are measurements by Ralph Linton of other skeletal parts than the skull of three skeletons.
The measurements, though the first taken by this author, have evidently been taken in a painstaking manner and according to modern methods, and are therefore of some value. An abstract of those on the adults follows:
| Males (14) | Females (5) | |
|---|---|---|
| Vault: | ||
| Length | 18.91 | 17.86 |
| Breadth | 13.73 | 13.58 |
| Basion-bregma height | 13.86 | 13.30 |
| Cranial index | 72.65 | 76.06 |
| Height-length index | 73.24 | 74.45 |
| Height-breadth index | 100.68 | 98.01 |
| Face: | ||
| Diam. bizygom. max | 14.10 | 13.40 |
| BF:BH proportion | 102.6 | 98.7 |
| (6) | (3) | |
| Chin-nasion height | 13.15 | 11.60 |
| (14) | (5) | |
| Alveolar point-nasion | 7.42 | 6.80 |
| Facial index, total | 92.13 | 52.48 |
| Facial index, upper | 86.20 | 54.05 |
| Nose: | ||
| Height | 5.66 | 5.24 |
| Breadth | 2.30 | 2.18 |
| Index | 40.69 | 41.62 |
| Orbits: | ||
| Height | 3.76 | 3.59 |
| Breadth | 4.13 | 4.05 |
| Index | 91.3 | 88.5 |
| Dental arch: | ||
| Length | 5.31 | 6.27 |
| Breadth | 4.96 | 6.06 |
| Index | 93.4 | 96.7 |
In 1923 Cameron[123] published the following data on six western Eskimo skulls from Port Clarence, collected by the Canadian Arctic Expedition:
| Vault | Nose | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Length | Breadth | Height | Cranial index | Length | Breadth | Nasal index | Orbital index |
| Males: | |||||||
| 18.9 | 13.9 | 14.1 | 73.5 | 5.9 | 2.5 | 42.4 | 86.4 |
| 18.7 | 14.3 | 13.7 | 76.5 | 5.3 | 2.5 | 47.2 | 85.7 |
| 18.8 | 13.25 | 14.2 | 70.2 | 6.0 | 2.2 | 36.7 | 86.4 |
| 17.8 | 13.0 | 13.3 | 73.4 | 88.9 | |||
| 19.2 | 13.7 | 71.4 | |||||
| Mean: 18.68 | 13.63 | 13.82 | 72.97 | 5.73 | 2.40 | 41.9 | 86.9 |
| Female: 17.85 | 13.1 | 12.8 | 73.1 | ||||
The last contribution to the craniology of the western Eskimo before the present report are the data embodied in my "Catalogue of Human Crania in the United States National Museum Collections," published in 1924.[124] These data are embodied in those of the present report.