The Rise of the Mediaeval Church / And Its Influence on the Civilization of Western Europe from the First to the Thirteenth Century

by Alexander Clarence Flick

[478:1] Muir, ii., 18, 35; Burckhardt, Travels, 136.

[480:1] Koran, Sura ii., 189, 214; xvii., 4-7.

[481:1] Ockley, Hist. of the Saracens; Bahador, Essays on the Life of Mohammed; Prideaux, Life of Mahomet; Bush, Life of Mohammed; Smith, Mohammed and Mohammedanism; Bate, Studies in Islam; Stobart, Islam and its Founder; Rodwell, The Koran; Palmer, The Koran; Sale, The Koran; etc.

[481:2] Quarterly Review, Oct., 1869.

[483:1] Gibbon, ch. 50.

[485:1] Robinson, Readings, i., 336.

[486:1] Robinson, Readings, i., 337-340.

[486:2] Cutts, Scenes and Characters of the Middle Ages; Milman, bk. vii., 224.

[486:3] Indulgences for fighting heathen had been offered long before this time. See Thatcher and McNeal, No. 276, 277.

[487:1] Cunningham, Western Civilisation, ii., 108.