The great advantage which this telegraph possesses in transmitting messages with the rapidity of lightning, annihilating time and space, would perhaps be much lessened in its usefulness, could it not avail itself of the application of a secret alphabet. We will now proceed to describe some of the various systems by which a message may pass between two correspondents, through the medium of the telegraph, and yet the contents of that message remain a profound secret to all others, not excepting the operators of the telegraphic stations, through whose hands it must pass.
For this purpose let the telegraphic characters representing particular letters be transposed and interchanged. Then the representative of a, in the permanent alphabet, may be represented by y, or c, or x, in the secret alphabet; and so of every other letter. As there are twenty-seven characters in the telegraphic alphabet, they can, by transposition, furnish six hundred and seventy-six different kinds of secret alphabets; nearly two for every day of the year. Two persons have agreed to use, in their telegraphic correspondence, the secret alphabet. From the six hundred and seventy-six combinations, they have selected one for each day in the year, and given each their particular date. In the course of their business, it becomes necessary on the first of July, for one to transmit important information to the other. He then refers to the telegraphic book, for the alphabet belonging to that date, and from it writes his communication, as follows: The firm of G. Barlow & Co. have failed. He runs his eye along the alphabetical column for t, and finds that for the first of July it is e, that h is j, e is n, and in the same manner, he proceeds with the remaining letters of his message, which, when completed, reads as follows: Ejn stwz ys & qhwkyf p iy jhan shtknr. As every person employing the telegraph has his name, occupation and place of business registered in the record book of the office, with his telegraphic number, we will suppose, that Mr. Hammond, Builder, 57 Anson-st. Philadelphia, sends the above communication to the office for Messrs. Talford & Co. Lumber Merchants, 41 Bradford-st. New York. In the record, the former name is numbered 14; and the latter 31. The private message is then directed thus, No. 14 to No. 31, and reads thus: Mr. Hammond, &c. sends the following communication to Messrs. Talford & Co. &c. “The firm of G. Barlow & Co. have failed.” This message, in substituted characters, is copied at the receiving station, and immediately delivered. The messenger returns with the following: Syw fjhe hzyxce. To which is prefixed No. 31 to No. 14. This is sent to Mr. Hammond, who, on translating it, discovers that it must be answered by figures. He then refers to the secret numerals, under the date of the first of July, and finds the private numerals required are 897, 312, adding to it a few letters, when it reads thus, No. 14 to No. 31, 879, 312 rykkm. If it should happen, that on the 6th of December, or 13th of May, it was necessary to send a private communication, the secret alphabets of those dates are used, and so for any date of the year.
| July 1st. | March 28th. | December 6th. | May 13th. | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | change to | H | A | change to | A | A | change to | Q | A | change to | X |
| B | change to | Q | B | change to | N | B | change to | P | B | change to | M |
| C | change to | I | C | change to | O | C | change to | N | C | change to | G |
| D | change to | R | D | change to | V | D | change to | O | D | change to | T |
| E | change to | N | E | change to | P | E | change to | V | E | change to | L |
| F | change to | S | F | change to | C | F | change to | A | F | change to | F |
| G | change to | & | G | change to | Q | G | change to | C | G | change to | & |
| H | change to | J | H | change to | D | H | change to | R | H | change to | K |
| I | change to | T | I | change to | R | I | change to | D | I | change to | S |
| J | change to | B | J | change to | E | J | change to | & | J | change to | N |
| K | change to | U | K | change to | S | K | change to | E | K | change to | Z |
| L | change to | K | L | change to | F | L | change to | Z | L | change to | J |
| M | change to | Z | M | change to | T | M | change to | F | M | change to | P |
| N | change to | C | N | change to | G | N | change to | X | N | change to | E |
| O | change to | Y | O | change to | U | O | change to | G | O | change to | U |
| P | change to | L | P | change to | H | P | change to | W | P | change to | I |
| Q | change to | D | Q | change to | B | Q | change to | H | Q | change to | V |
| R | change to | W | R | change to | I | R | change to | B | R | change to | B |
| S | change to | M | S | change to | & | S | change to | I | S | change to | Y |
| T | change to | E | T | change to | J | T | change to | U | T | change to | O |
| U | change to | X | U | change to | Z | U | change to | J | U | change to | H |
| V | change to | A | V | change to | K | V | change to | Y | V | change to | Q |
| W | change to | F | W | change to | Y | W | change to | K | W | change to | D |
| X | change to | O | X | change to | L | X | change to | S | X | change to | W |
| Y | change to | V | Y | change to | X | Y | change to | L | Y | change to | A |
| Z | change to | G | Z | change to | M | Z | change to | T | Z | change to | R |
| & | change to | P | & | change to | W | & | change to | M | & | change to | C |
| 1 | change to | 5 | 1 | change to | 6 | 1 | change to | 0 | 1 | change to | 7 |
| 2 | change to | 7 | 2 | change to | 1 | 2 | change to | 9 | 2 | change to | 8 |
| 3 | change to | 1 | 3 | change to | 7 | 3 | change to | 4 | 3 | change to | 6 |
| 4 | change to | 8 | 4 | change to | 2 | 4 | change to | 5 | 4 | change to | 9 |
| 5 | change to | 2 | 5 | change to | 8 | 5 | change to | 3 | 5 | change to | 4 |
| 6 | change to | 9 | 6 | change to | 3 | 6 | change to | 8 | 6 | change to | 1 |
| 7 | change to | 3 | 7 | change to | 9 | 7 | change to | 6 | 7 | change to | 0 |
| 8 | change to | 0 | 8 | change to | 4 | 8 | change to | 2 | 8 | change to | 5 |
| 9 | change to | 4 | 9 | change to | 0 | 9 | change to | 7 | 9 | change to | 2 |
| 0 | change to | 6 | 0 | change to | 5 | 0 | change to | 1 | 0 | change to | 3 |
The transposed secret alphabet is not perfectly secure for private messages, when the message contains more than eight or ten words. It is, therefore, necessary to adopt some of the following modes of making it perfectly incomprehensible, and beyond the power of any person to decypher it. Any one or two, or more, of these modes may be selected and combined for this purpose. Let the following key or transposed alphabet, be used in illustrating the following rules:
| A | to | R | F | to | X | K | to | U | P | to | E | U | to | K | Z | to | M |
| B | Y | G | B | L | V | Q | P | V | G | & | I | ||||||
| C | Z | H | T | M | D | R | L | W | N | ||||||||
| D | A | I | W | N | & | S | F | X | J | ||||||||
| E | S | J | C | O | Q | T | O | Y | H | ||||||||
1st. Let the last letter of a word remain unchanged, viz. Rome, transposed, lqde.
2d. Let the first letter of a word remain unchanged, viz. Rome, transposed, rqds.
3d. Let the first and last letter remain unchanged, viz. Rome, transposed, rqde.
4th. Let the middle letter of a word of 5, 7, 9 or 11 letters remain unchanged, viz. First, transposed, xwrfo, and in words of 4, 6, 8, 10 or 12 letters, let the two middle letters remain unchanged, viz. Rome, transposed, loms.
5th. Let the first, middle, and last letters of a word remain unchanged, viz. first, transposed, fwrft.