The class of birds called PERMANENT RESIDENTS includes species which are to be found throughout the year. Dr. Chapman states that comparatively few species of this group are permanent residents in the strictest use of the term. “The Bob-white, Ruffed Grouse, and several of the owls are doubtless literally permanent residents, but it is not probable that the Bluebirds, for example, found here during the winter are the same birds which nested with us in the summer. Doubtless our winter Bluebirds pass the summer farther north, while our summer Bluebirds winter farther south, but as a species, the Bluebird is a permanent resident.”
PERMANENT RESIDENTS
Bob-white Ruffed Grouse 8 species of Hawks Bald Eagle 5 species of Owls Hairy Woodpecker Downy Woodpecker [B]Red-headed Woodpecker [A]Flicker [A]Meadowlark Blue Jay American Crow Fish Crow House Sparrow Purple Finch American Goldfinch Song Sparrow Cardinal [B]Cedar Waxwing Carolina Wren White-breasted Nuthatch Tufted Titmouse Chickadee [A]Robin [A]Bluebird Starling
WINTER RESIDENTS or WINTER VISITANTS are birds that breed farther north and move southward during the winter months to obtain food. They may arrive in the fall and remain until spring.
WINTER RESIDENTS AND VISITORS
Horned Lark American or Red Crossbill White-winged Crossbill Pine Grosbeak [B]Pine Siskin [B]Redpoll Tree Sparrow White-throated Sparrow Northern Shrike [A]Myrtle Warbler Winter Wren Brown Creeper Snowflake Junco Red-breasted Nuthatch Golden-crowned Kinglet
[A]A few in winter.
[B]Rare or irregular in winter.
Grebes, Loons, Auks, Cormorants, Snowy Owls, and several species of Gulls and Ducks may also be found during the winter months in the vicinity of New York City.