Fig. 31.—Row of Furnaces for the Preparation of Ethylene.
In the manufacture of one ton of mustard gas, about one ton of sulfur chloride and a little less than half a ton of ethylene (12,640 cubic feet) are required.
German Method of Manufacture[19]
Fig. 32.—Preparation of Ethylene at
Badische Anilin und Soda Fabrik. 60 units.
“Preparation of Ethylene—The gas was prepared by passing alcohol vapor over aluminum oxide at a temperature of 380° to 400°. The details of the construction of one of the furnaces are given in Figs. 32 and 33. The furnaces were very small and sixty units were needed to furnish the amount of gas required. The tubes containing the catalyzer were made of copper and were heated in a bath of molten potassium nitrate. It was stated that the catalyzer was made according to the directions of Ipatieff, and that its life was from 10 to 20 days. The gas produced was washed in the usual form of scrubber. The yield of ethylene was stated to be about 90 per cent of the theoretical.
Fig. 33.—Ethylene Production at
Badische Anilin und Soda Fabrik. 1 unit.