Only one genus is represented in the British Isles.

Apothecia growing singly.
Thallus with Trentepohlia gonidia.
Paraphyses numerous, unbranched, free.
Spores colourless.
Spores elongate, 2- or multi-septate1.*Ocellularia Spreng.
Spores muriform2.Thelotrema Ach.
Spores brown.
Spores elongate, septate3.*Phaeotrema Müll.-Arg.
Spores muriform4.*Leptotrema Mont.
Paraphyses scanty, branched.
Spores muriform, brown5.*Gyrostomum Fr.
Thallus with Phycopeltis gonidia6.*Phyllophthalmaria A. Zahlbr.
Apothecia in pseudostromata.
Apothecia united in tubercles7.*Tremotylium Nyl.
Apothecia united by the margins8.*Polystroma Clem.
XXVII. Diploschistaceae

Scarcely differing from the preceding family except in the gonidia which are Protococcaceous algae. The thallus is crustaceous and non-corticate. The apothecia have a double margin but the outer thalline margin is less overarching than in Thelotremaceae. The spores in the two genera are somewhat peculiar: in Conotrema they are exceedingly long and divided by parallel septa into thirty to forty small cells; in Diploschistes (Urceolaria) they are large, muriform and brown. Conotrema contains two corticolous species; Diploschistes about thirty species mostly saxicolous. Both genera are represented in the British Isles.

Spores elongate, multi-septate, colourless1. Conotrema Tuck.
Spores muriform, brown2. Diploschistes Norm.

XXVIII. Ectolechiaceae

A family of tropical epiphyllous lichens that are associated with Protococcaceous gonidia. The thallus is primitive in character, mostly a weft of hyphae with intermingled algal cells, described as homoiomerous.

The apothecia are without a thalline margin, and with a scarcely developed proper margin: their affinity is with the Lecideaceae, though in two genera, Lecaniella and Arthotheliopsis, there are gonidia below the hypothecium, a character of Lecanoraceae. The genera are nearly all monotypic; in Sporopodium has been included Lecidea phyllocharis Wainio (Sect. Gonothecium), which is distinguished by hymenial gonidia.

Apothecia at first covered by a “veil.”
Spores elongate, colourless, septate1.*Asterothyrium Müll.-Arg.
Apothecia uncovered from the first.
Gonidia not present below the hypothecium.
Paraphyses unbranched, free.
Spores muriform2.*Lopadiopsis Wain.
Paraphyses branched.
Spores 1-septate3.*Actinoplaca Müll.-Arg.
Spores elongate, multi-septate4.*Tapellaria Müll.-Arg.
Spores muriform5.*Sporopodium Mont.
Gonidia present below the hypothecium.
Spores elongate, 2-septate6.*Lecaniella Wain.
Spores muriform7.*Arthotheliopsis Wain.