Latin names. As C, for carbon; Fe (ferrum), iron; O, oxygen, &c.
Symbols, Alchemical[217]—
[217] This list of alchemical and botanical symbols and abbreviations is a reprint of that contained in the ‘Lexicon of Terms used in Medicine and the Allied Sciences,’ now being published by the New Sydenham Society, under the Editorship of Henry Power, M.B., and Leonard W. Sedgwick, M.D.
| Acetum | |
| Acetum destillatum | |
| Acidum | |
| Aër | |
| Aerugo | |
| Alumen | |
| Alembic | |
| Æther | |
| Amalgama | |
| Ammonium | |
| Aqua | |
| Aqua fortis | |
| Aqua pluvialis | |
| Aqua regia | |
| Arena | |
| Argentum | |
| Arsenicum | |
| Auripigmentum | |
| Aurum | |
| Aurantium | |
| Baln. arenæ | |
| Baln. mariæ | |
| Baln. vaporis | |
| Baryta | |
| Bismuth | |
| Borax | |
| Calcaria | |
| Calcaria usta | |
| Camphora | |
| Cancer | |
| Caput mortuum | |
| Carbo | |
| Carbonicum | |
| Carduus benedictus | |
| Card. marianus | |
| Cera | |
| Cinis clavelatum | |
| Cinis | |
| Cinnabar | |
| Cornu cervi | |
| Cristalli | |
| Crucibulum | |
| Cuprum | |
| Distillare | |
| Ferrum | |
| Fictile | |
| Fixum | |
| Flores | |
| Gummi | |
| Hora | |
| Hydrargyrum | |
| Hydr. chloridum | |
| Hydr. corrosivum | |
| Ignis | |
| Kali | |
| Lapis | |
| Lithargyrum | |
| Magnet | |
| Magnesia | |
| Menstruum | |
| Natrum | |
| Nitrum | |
| Oleum | |
| Oxidatum | |
| Oxidulatum | |
| Per deliquium | |
| Plumbum | |
| Precipitare | |
| Preparare | |
| Pulvis | |
| Regulus | |
| Resina | |
| Retorta | |
| Saccharum | |
| Sal | |
| Sal kali | |
| Sal ammoniac | |
| Sal medius | |
| Sapo | |
| Spiritus | |
| Spiritus vini | |
| Spiritus rectificatissimus | |
| Spiritus rectificatus | |
| Stannum | |
| Stibium | |
| Stratum super stratum | |
| Sublimare | |
| Succinum | |
| Sulphur | |
| Tartarus | |
| Terra | |
| Terra foliata | |
| Tinctura | |
| Vitriolum | |
| Vitrum | |
| Volatile | |
| Urina | |
| Ustare | |
| Zincum |
Symbols and Abbreviations, Botanical.
| Monocarp. A plant which produces seed only once during its life. The symbol representing the sun. | |
| Annual. A monocarp which dies in the same year that it germinated, e.g. Mustard. | |
| Biennial. A monocarp which produces leaves only the first year and perfects its seed the next, e.g. Mullein. | |
| P | Perennial. A plant which produces seed for an indefinite number of years, e.g. Apple. |
| Rhizocarp. A perennial the stems of which die down to the ground every year, e.g. Rhubarb, Mint. The symbol representing Jupiter, which has a period of revolution round the sun of 12 years. | |
| Caulocarp. A perennial, the stems of which are persistent throughout the whole of its life, e.g. Apple. The symbol representing Saturn, the period of revolution of which round the sun is 30 years. | |
| H | Herb. A plant, the stems of which remain soft or succulent, e.g. Mint or Rhubarb. |
| Shrub. A plant in which the stems are woody, and which usually divide near the ground into numerous branches and twigs, e.g. Lilac. | |
| Under shrub. A small shrub; one that does not grow more than 3 feet in height, e.g. Gooseberry. | |
| Tree. A plant which grows to 20 feet or more in height, having a woody stem forming a distinct trunk, e.g. Oak. | |
| A climbing plant which follows the sun, e.g. Hop. | |
| A climbing plant which moves against the sun, e.g. Scarlet-runner. | |
| Flowers having stamens only (unisexual, staminiferous, or male), e.g. male flowers of Box. The symbol representing Mars, the period of revolution of which is 2 years. | |
| Flowers having pistils only (unisexual, pistillate, or female), e.g. female flowers of Box. The symbol representing Venus. | |
| Flowers having both stamens and pistils (bisexual or hermaphrodite), e.g. Buttercup. | |
| Abortive staminiferous flowers (neuter). | |
| Abortive pistillate flowers (neuter), e.g. the florets of the ray in Daisy. | |
| Monœcious plants, producing male and female flowers upon the same individual, e.g. Box. | |
| Diœcious plants, producing male and female flowers, but upon separate individuals, e.g. Willow. | |
| Polygamous plants, which produce hermaphrodite and unisexual flowers upon the same or different individuals, e.g. Atriplex. | |
| Indefinite in number; applied to stamens and other parts of flowers. | |
| Cotyledons accumbent, radicle lateral. | |
| Cotyledons incumbent, radicle dorsal. | |
| Cotyledons conduplicate, radicle dorsal. | |
| Cotyledons twice folded, radicle dorsal. | |
| Cotyledons thrice folded, radicle dorsal. | |
| Trimerous, applied to flowers when the whorls of the flower are multiples of three, as in most endogens. | |
| Pentamerous, applied to flowers when the whorls of the flower are multiples of five, as in exogens generally. |
Bab., Babington. Berk., Berkeley. Br., Brown. Cal., calyx. Caul, caulis, stem. Cl., Classis, class. Cor., corolla. Cuv., Cuvier. D. C., or De Cand., De Candolle. Endl., Endlicher. Fam., family. Fr., fructus, fruit. Gen., genus, genus. Hook., Hooker. Juss., Jussieu. D. or Linn., Linnæus. Lindl., Lindley. Nat. Ord., Natural order.
O. or Ord., ordo, order. Per., perianthus, perianth. Rad., radix, root. Rich., Richard. Sp. or Spec, species, species. Subord., Suborder. Subk., Subkingdom. Var., varietas, variety, V. s. c., vidi siccam cultam, a dry cultivated plant seen. V. s. s., vidi siccam spontaneam, a dried specimen seen. V. v. c, vidi vivam cultam, a living cultivated plant seen. V. v. s., vidi vivam spontaneam, a living wild plant seen. Willd., Willdenow. With., Withering.
SYMPATHET′IC INK. See Ink.
SYN′APTASE. Syn. Emulsin. The name given by Robiquet to the Emulsin, a nitrogenised or albuminoid principle existing in both the bitter and sweet almond. It possesses the remarkable property of converting amygdalin, in the presence of water, into hydrocyanic acid and the essential oil of bitter almonds. 100 gr. of amygdalin yield, under the influence of synaptase and water, 47 gr. of raw oil, and 5·9 gr. of anhydrous hydrocyanic acid. (Liebig.)