Varnish, Body. Prep. 1. From the finest African copal, 8 lbs.; drying oil, 2 galls.; oil of turpentine, 312 galls.; proceed as for AMBER VARNISH. Very hard and durable.

2. Pale gum copal, 8 lbs.; clarified oil, 2 galls.; dried sugar of lead, 12 lb.; oil of turpentine, 312 galls.; proceed as before, and mix the product, whilst still hot, with the following varnish:—Pale gum animé, 8 lbs.; linseed oil, 2 galls.; dried white copperas, 14 lb.; oil of turpentine, 312 galls.; the mixed varnishes are to

be immediately strained into the cans or cistern. Dries in about 6 hours in winter, and in about 4 hours in summer. Used for the bodies of coaches and other vehicles.

Varnish, Bookbinder’s. Prep. Take of pale gum sandarach, 3 oz.; rectified spirit, 1 pint; dissolve by cold digestion and frequent agitation. Used by binders to varnish morocco leather book-covers. A similar varnish is also prepared from very pale shell-lac and wood naphtha.

Varnish for Boots and Shoes. See Boots and Shoes.

Varnish, Cabinet-maker’s. French polish is occasionally so called.

Varnish, Carriage. Prep. 1. (Spirit.) Take of gum sandarach, 114 lb.; very pale shell-lac, 34 lb.; very pale transparent resin, 12 lb.; rectified spirit of ·8221 (64 o. p.), 3 quarts; dissolve, and add of pure Canadian balsam, 112 lb. Used for the internal parts of carriages, &c. Dries in 10 minutes or less.

2. (Oil.)—a. (Best pale.) Take of pale African copal, 8 lbs.; fuse, add of clarified linseed oil, 212 galls.; boil until very stringy, then add of dried copperas and litharge, of each 14 lb.; again boil, thin with oil of turpentine, 512 galls.; mix, whilst both are hot with the following varnish, and immediately strain the mixture into a covered vessel:—Gum animé, 8 lbs.; clarified linseed oil, 212 galls.; dried sugar of lead and litharge, of each 14 lb.; boil as before, thin with oil of turpentine, 512 galls. Dries in 4 hours in summer, and 6 in winter. Used for the wheels, springs, and carriage parts of coaches, and other vehicles, and by house painters, decorators, &c., who want a strong, quick-drying, and durable varnish.

b. (Second quality.) From gum animé (‘sorts’), 8 lbs.; clarified oil, 3 galls.; litharge, 5 oz.; dried and powdered sugar of lead and white copperas, of each 4 oz.; boil as last, and thin with oil of turpentine, 512 galls. Used as the last.

Varnish, Chinese. Prep. From mastic and sandarach, of each 2 oz.; rectified spirit (64 o. p.), 1 pint; dissolve. Dries in 6 minutes. Very tough and brilliant.