Oil, Rag. See Oil, Paper, above.
Oil, Rock. See Naphtha, Oils, Mineral, Petroleum.
Oil, Shale. See Oils, Mineral.
Oil of Soot. Syn. Oleum fuliginis (Ph. L. 1746), L. From wood-soot. Fetid; reputed antispasmodic and nervine.
Oil of Tar. Syn. Spirit of t.; Oleum pini, O. p. rubrum, O. tædæ, O. picis liquidæ, L. By simple distillation from wood-tar. Reddish and strong scented. By one or more rectifications it becomes colourless and limpid. It soon gets thick. Used in ringworm and several other skin diseases, made into an ointment with lard. It is poisonous if swallowed in large doses.
Oil of Tobac′co (Empyreumatic). Syn. Oleum tabaci empyreumaticum (Ph. U. S.), L. From tobacco, in coarse powder, gradually heated in a green-glass retort to dull redness, and kept at that temperature as long as any oil passes over; the oily portion is then separated from the water in the receiver, and kept for use. Highly narcotic and poisonous.
Oil of Wax. Syn. Oleum ceræ, L. From beeswax and sand distilled together; the product is rectified once or oftener. Reputed diuretic.—Dose, 3 to 6 drops.
OILS (Fixed). Syn. Fat oils, Unctuous o.; Olea fixa, O. expressa, L.; Huiles grasses, Fr. The fixed oils are compounds of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen (oxyhydro-carbons), obtained from the organic kingdom, and characterised by their insipidity, unctuosity, insolubility in water, and being lighter than that fluid. Olive oil, which is obtained from the vegetable kingdom, and spermaceti oil, which is obtained from the animal kingdom, may be taken as types of the rest.
The fixed oils are chiefly found in the fruit and seeds of plants, and in thin membranous cells, forming what is called the adipose tissue,
in the bodies of animals. According to their consistence, they may be classed into ‘OILS,’ ‘BUTTERS,’ and ‘TALLOWS,’