Oil of Sav′ine. Syn. Oleum Sabinæ (B. P.), Oleum juniperi sabinæ, O. sabinæ (Ph. E. & D.), L. From the fresh tops or leaves of Juniperus sabina, or common savin. Pale yellow; limpid; acrid, pungent, and stimulant. It possesses the general properties of the plant in a highly exalted degree. Sp. gr. ·915. Prod. Fresh herb, 1·25% to 1·5%; dried do. (recent), 21⁄2% to 3%. Dose, 2 to 6 drops; as an anthelmintic, diaphoretic, and emmenagogue. Its use must be carefully avoided during pregnancy or disease of the abdominal viscera.
Pur., &c. It is less frequently adulterated than the other volatile oils. Its high sp. gr. and free solubility in rectified spirit offer the means of detecting the presence of either oil of turpentine or alcohol, the substances occasionally added to it. A mixture of equal parts of oil of savin and oil of vitriol, by distillation from milk of lime, furnishes an oil apparently identical with oil of thyme. (Winckler.)
Oil of Sen′na. Syn. Oleum sennæ volatile, L. Possesses the nauseous odour and flavour of the leaves, and, as well as the distilled water, is purgative.
Oil of Spear′mint. Syn. English oil of spearmint (B. P.), Oil of mint, Oil of green m.; Menthæ viridis oleum (B. P.); Oleum menthæ viridis (Ph. L., E., & D.),
O. m. sativæ, O. essentiale menthæ s., L. From the fresh flowering herb of Mentha viridis (Linn.) or garden spearmint. Pale yellow; reddened by age; odour and general properties resemble those of oil of peppermint, but it is less grateful. It boils at 320° Fahr. Sp. gr. ·915 (·9394, Brande). Prod. ·2% to ·25%. Its common adulterants are alcohol and oil of turpentine.
Oil of Spike (True). Syn. Foreign oil of lavender; Oleum spicæ, O. s. verum, O. stæchadis, O. lavandulæ s., L.: Huile d’aspic, Fr. Chiefly from Lavandula spica and L. stæchas, or French and Alpine lavenders. It differs from English oil of lavender by its darker green colour and inferior odour. From France. Used by artists to mix their colours in, and to make varnishes. Oil of turpentine scented with lavender is commonly sold for it. Prod. From L. spica (fresh), 3⁄4 to 11⁄2%; L. stæchas (dried), 3⁄4 to 1% (fully).
Oil of Spike′nard. Syn. Oleum nardi, L. The precious oil mentioned under this name in Scripture is supposed to have been derived from Andropogon Iwaracusa. The commercial oil of geranium (see above) is also called by this name.
Oil of Spring Grass. Syn. Oleum anthoxanthi odorati, L. From Anthoxanthum odoratum, or sweet-scented vernal grass. It is this oil that gives the very agreeable odour to new hay.
Oil of Star-an′ise. Syn. Badian oil; Oleum Badiani, O. anisi stellati, L. From the capsules of Illicium anisatum, or star-anise. It continues liquid at 351⁄2° Fahr. This, and its weaker reaction with iodine, distinguish it from the preceding compound, which it is commonly used to adulterate. Prod. 2% (fully).
Oil of Sweet Fen′nel. See Oil of Fennel.