ORANGE DYES. These are produced from mixtures of red and yellow dyes in various proportions; or by passing the cloth, previously dyed yellow, through a weak red bath.
1. A very good fugitive orange may be given with annotta, by passing the goods through a solution made with equal parts of annotta and pearlash, or, still better, through a bath made of 1 part of annotta, dissolved in a lye of 1 part each of lime and pearlash and 2 parts of soda. The shade may be reddened by passing the dyed goods through water acidulated with vinegar, lemon juice, or citric acid, or through a solution of alum. The goods are sometimes passed through a weak alum mordant before immersion in the dye bath.
2. (For Cotton.) For 40 lbs. 21⁄2 lbs. annotta, 24 lbs. of bark, 3 quarts of chloride of tin. Boil the annotta, put off the boil, enter and wince until it has a good body. Then wring out, wash well, wring again, and shake out. Next, in a clean boiler, boil the bark in a bag for a quarter of an hour, add the chloride of tin, and enter, wince at the spring till the required shade is got.
3. (For Silk.) For 10 yards. Annotta, 13⁄4 oz.; bark, 11⁄4 oz.; chloride of tin, 11⁄2 oz. Give a good body of annotta at 212° Fahr.; wash in one water, then top with the bark and chloride of tin.
4. (For Wool.) For 50 lbs. Boil 10 lbs. of bark and 11⁄2 lbs. of cochineal; add 2 lbs. of tartar, 21⁄2 quarts of yellow spirits. Enter at 200° Fahr.; boil 30 minutes. See Annotta, Dyeing, &c.
ORANGE RED. Syn. Sandix. From white lead, by calcination, in a nearly similar manner to that by which red lead is prepared from the protoxide. Brighter than red lead. Used wholly as a pigment.
OR′ANGERY. The gallery, building, or enclosure in a garden, in which orange trees are preserved or cultivated, to shield them from the effects of the external winter, or to assist their growth by artificial heat.
OR′CHARD. See Cider.
OR′CEIN. C7H7NO2. Syn. Lichen lake. A brownish-red powder, obtained by dissolving orcin in ammonia, exposing the solution to the air, and then precipitating with dilute acetic acid. It is nearly insoluble in water, but dissolves freely in solutions of ammonia and the fixed alkalies, with the production of a rich purple or violet colour. It probably constitutes the leading tinctorial ingredient in ARCHIL, CUDBEAR, and LITMUS. (See below.)
OR′CHIL. See Archil.