Cocoa and Chocolate: Their History from Plantation to Consumer

by Arthur William Knapp

[INDEX]

Asterisks denote illustrations.

• ACCRA, [74], [91], [114], [185] (see also [Gold Coast])
• Acids produced by fermentation, [57]
• Adulterants, [163]
• Adulteration, cocoa, [179]
  • chocolate, [180]
• Agostini cacao picker, [46], [*46]
• Agricultural colleges, [42]
  • education, [90]
• Alcohol produced by fermentation, [52], [57]
• Alkaline treating of cocoa, [173]
• Allen, Grant, [114]
• Altitude, cacao cultivation, [18]
• Alligator cacao, [24]
• Analytical composition—cacao bean, [166]
  • cacao butter, [159]
  • cacao shell, [163]
  • chocolate, [176]
  • cocoa, [168]
  • milk chocolate, [178]
• ARRIBA, [74], [84] (see also [Guayaquil])
• Aztec, [5], [7], [8]

• Bacteria—fermentation, [57]
• Bagging cacao beans, [*107], [*110]
• BAHIA, [74], [87], [114]
• Bainbridge and Davies, [125]
• Baker & Co., Walter, [121]
• Beans, [3], [167], [*129]
  • breaking machine, [130]
  • breaking of, into fragments, [130]
  • changes—fermentation, [57]
  • characteristics of, [75]
  • size and weight of, [74]
  • use as money, [8]
• Bibliography, [191]
• Blending, [133]
• Booth, N.P., [75], [180]
• Botanical description, [25]
• Bournville, [128], [144], [162]
• Boxing chocolates, [*173]
• BRAZIL, [38], [82], [84], [87], [185]
• Breaking cacao pods, [50], [*51]
• Brill, H.C., [59]
• BRITISH GUIANA, [84]
• BRITISH WEST AFRICA, [185] (see also [Gold Coast])
• Buying cacao, [109]
• By-products, [157], [161]

• Cacao beans, (see [beans])
• Cacao butter, [135], [157], [159], [166], [168], [171], [176], [178]
  • keeping properties, [158]
  • melting point, [149], [158]
  • pressing out of, [135]
• Cacao, cultivation, [17], [38], [116]
  • definition, [2]
  • explanation name, [1]
  • introduction into Europe, [10]
  • keeping properties, [122]
  • manufacturers' requirements, [75]
  • picker, [46], [*46]
  • preparations, popularity of, [15]
  • shell, (see [shell])
• Cacauatl, [1]
• Cadbury Bros., [15], [154]
• Cadbury, Richard, [16]
• Caffein, [166], [168], [172], [176], [178]
• Cailler & Co., [154]
• Calabacillo, [23], [*27], [76]
• CAMEROON'S, [74], [82], [91], [105], [114]
• CARACAS, [74], [87]
• Carmody, Professor, [38], [41]
• CARUPANO, [74], [87]
• Catch crop, [36]
• CEYLON, [18], [42], [52], [68], [70], [74], [81], [82], [106], [114], [185]
• Chittenden, Dr., [52]
• Claying, [70], [*71], [76], [88]
• Clearing the land, [*29], [30]
• Clifford, Sir Hugh, [91]
• Climate, cacao cultivation, [17]
• Criollo, [*27], [34], [52], [59], [87], [107]
• Chocolate, [176], [180]
  • ancient usage, [10]
  • covering recipe, [150]
  • covering, suggested legal definition, [182]
  • definition, [3]
  • derivation of word, [8]
  • fascination of, [8]
  • houses and clubs, [12]
  • powder, [180]
  • recipe, [140]
  • suggested legal definitions, [181]
  • sustaining value, [174]
• Chocolatl, [7], [8]
• Chupons, (see [suckers])
• Cocoa, [168], [169]
  • definition, [2]
  • digestibility of, [171]
  • how to make, [170]
  • origin of word, [3]
  • powder, introduction of, [15]
• Coconuts, distinction between and cacao, [3]
• Colouring beans, [72]
• Colour, cacao bean, [25], [77]
  • cacao butter, [158]
  • cacao flowers, [22]
  • cacao leaves, [22]
  • cacao pods, [24], [48]
  • changes during fermentation, [57], [59], [61]
• Columbus, [7]
• Composition, (see [analyses])
• Compressor, chocolate, [148]
• Conching, [145]
• Conche machine, [*147], [*148]
• CONGO, [82], [91], [114]
• Consumption, [15], [184]
  • British Isles, [184]
  • World, [186]
• Contract labour, Cameroons, [106]
  • San Thomé, [103]
• Cortes, [7]
• Covering cremes, [*151]
• CUBA, [82]

• Dancing, cacao beans, [72]
• De Candolle, [94]
• Decauville railways, [52]
• DEMERARA, [114]
• Diseases, cacao tree, [43]
• DOMINICA, [82], [88]
• Drying, [62], [*63], [64], [*64], [*65], [*68], [*69], [*85], [*98], [*105]
• Dryers, artificial, [66], [*67]
• Duty, [13], [185]
  • cacao beans, [14], [185]
  • cacao butter, [14]
  • cacao shell, [14]

• Earle, Dr. Gastineau, [174]
• ECUADOR, [52], [81], [82], [84], [185]
• Enrobing machine, [152], [*152]
• Enzymes, [59], [61], [66]
• Exports, cacao butter, [160]
  • Exports, beans, [84]
• Extracting beans from pod, [50]

• Faber, Dr. von, [22]
• Faelli, Professor, [164]
• Fat (see [cacao butter])
• Fermentation, [52], [56]
  • changes during, [55]
  • control of, [63]
  • good effects of, [60]
  • loss of weight, during, [64]
  • period of, [52]
  • temperature of, [53], [55], [59], [61]
• Fermenting boxes, [*54], [*58]
• FERNANDO PO, [82], [91]
• Fickendey, Dr., [55], [59], [61]
• Flavouring chocolate, [146]
• Flowers, [*21], [22], [74]
  • percentage fruiting, [74]
• Food value, cacao bean, [166]
  • chocolate, [173], [176]
  • cocoa, [168]
  • milk chocolate, [178]
  • old opinions, [165]
• Forastero, [*27], [34], [53], [59], [77]
• Forster, J., [171], [172]
• Freeman, W.G., [34]
• FRENCH COLONIES, [82]
• Fritsch, J., [173]
• Fruit, cacao, [21]
• Fry, J.S., & Sons, [14], [15], [122], [134]
• Fry, Joseph, [3], [13]
• Fungi, [44]

• Gage, Thomas, [8], [10]
• Gathering, [45], [*47], [*49], [*85]
• Geographical distribution, [18]
• Germ, cacao, [59], [*129], [131]
  • screens, [*131]
  • separation of, [131]
• Germination, prevention of, [61]
• GOLD COAST, [18], [42], [74], [81], [82], [91], [94], [107] (see also [Accra])
  • native industry, [94]
• Gordon, W.J., [10]
• Gouveia, Dr., [105]
• Grafting and budding, [34], [75]
• GRENADA, [30], [38], [74], [76], [81], [82], [88], [90], [114]
• Grinding, [120], [134], [*143]
  • mill, cocoa, [*133], [134], [*135]
  • machine, chocolate, [140], [*142], [*145]
• Grousseau & Viconge, [163]
• GUAYAQUIL, [32], [76], [84], [109], [114] (see also [Arriba] and [Machala])

• HAITI, [82], [88]
• Hart, J.H., [34]
• Height, cacao tree, [20], [36]
• Historicus, [16]
• History, cocoa and chocolate, [1]
• Home of cacao, [5]
• Husk, (see [shell])
• Hutchison, Dr., [170], [175]