Receptacle conical. Leaves opposite, simple.

Achene obovoid. Involucre a leafy cup 45

Achene 4-angular. Involucre of separate scales 47

Receptacle flat. Leaves opposite and simple 46, 51

Rays pistillate and fertile; the disk-flowers staminate and sterile (pistil imperfect).

Receptacle chaffy 36–41

1. ELEPHÁNTOPUS, L. Elephant's-foot.

Heads discoid, 2–5-flowered, several together clustered into a compound pedunculate head; flowers perfect. Involucre narrow, flattened, of 8 oblong dry scales. Achenes 10-ribbed; pappus of stout bristles, chaffy-dilated at the base.—Perennials, with alternate leaves and purplish flowers. (Name composed of ἔλεφας, elephant, and ποῦς, foot.)

[*] Stem leafy; upper leaves very like the basal.

1. E. Caroliniànus, Willd. Somewhat hairy, corymbose, leafy; leaves ovate-oblong, thin.—Dry soil, Penn. to Ill. and Kan., and southward.