5. [Berberidaceæ] ([p. 52]). Sepals and petals imbricate, each in two rows of three (rarely in twos or fours). Stamens opposite the petals. Pistil solitary, becoming a berry or pod. Shrubs or low herbs.
6. [Nymphæaceæ], in part ([p. 54]). Sepals and petals each 3, or many in several rows. Pistils becoming coriaceous and indehiscent. Aquatics; floating leaves peltate.
[*] 2. Carpels (2 or more) united into a compound ovary with parietal, often nerve-like placentæ (or the seeds covering the inner surface in Nymphæaceæ, and the placentæ axile in Sarraceniaceæ). Herbs (some Cistaceæ somewhat shrubby).
[+] Fruit 5–many-celled; calyx or whole perianth persistent; embryo small, at the base of fleshy albumen.
6. [Nymphæaceæ] proper ([p. 54]). Sepals 2–6. Petals and stamens numerous, on a thick hypogynous receptacle or inserted upon the ovary. Capsule 8–30-celled. Aquatics, with peltate or cordate leaves.
7. [Sarraceniaceæ] ([p. 57]). Sepals and petals 5. Capsule 5-celled. Marsh plants, with pitcher-shaped leaves.
[+][+] Fruit 1-celled, or spuriously 2–more-celled by partitions connecting the placentæ.
[++] Embryo minute at the base of fleshy albumen; perianth deciduous; sepals 2.
8. [Papaveraceæ] ([p. 57].) Flowers regular. Sepals fugacious. Petals 4–12. Stamens and seeds numerous. Capsule 2–several-valved. Juice milky or colored.
9. [Fumariaceæ] ([p. 59].) Flowers irregular. Petals 4, in dissimilar pairs. Stamens 6, diadelphous. Fruit 2-valved (indehiscent and 1-seeded in Fumaria). Juice watery; leaves dissected.