1. What centuries may be considered as the age of moral and spiritual darkness?
2. What power was supreme in those ages?
3. Give an instance illustrating the pride and insolence of the popes. (Note 1.)
4. What was Henry IV's offense?
5. From what period do historians date the "revival of learning?"
6. What several inventions and circumstances contributed to the intellectual awakening of Europe?
7. What effect did the fall of the eastern division of the Roman empire have on the west?
8. What was the influence of ancient literature on the west? (Note 2.)
9. What circumstances led to the enlargement of the liberty of the masses?
10. Describe land tenure under the feudal system.