11. What were the Crusades?
12. Who aroused the nations of western Europe to undertake the Crusades?
13. What effect did the Crusades have on the feudal system of land tenure and liberty?
14. What did this enlarged liberty prepare the people for?
15. What event is usually considered the beginning of the Reformation?
16. Give an account of the birth and parentage of Martin Luther.
17. What schools did he attend and with what result?
18. What effect was produced by his visit to Rome?
19. State the origin of indulgences.
20. What doctrine respecting the efficacy of Christ's blood was advanced by Pope Clement VI?