Height of column in feet = pressure in pounds per square foot ÷ 62.355.

Height of column in feet = pressure in pounds per square inch ÷ 0.433.

Height of column in inches = pressure in pounds per square inch × 27.71.

Height of column in inches = pressure in ounces per square inch × 1.73.

By a change in the weights given above, the pressure exerted and height of column may be computed for temperatures other than 62 degrees.

A pressure of one pound per square inch is exerted by a column of water 2.3093 feet or 27.71 inches high at 62 degrees Fahrenheit.

Water in its natural state is never found absolutely pure. In solvent power water has a greater range than any other liquid. For common salt, this is approximately a constant at all temperatures, while with such impurities as magnesium and sodium sulphates, this solvent power increases with an increase in temperature.

[TABLE 12]
BOILING POINT OF WATER AT VARIOUS ALTITUDES
Boiling
Point
Degrees
Fahrenheit 		Altitude
Above
Sea Level
Feet 		Atmospheric
Pressure
Pounds per
Square Inch 		Barometer
Reduced to
32 Degrees
Inches 		Boiling
Point
Degrees
Fahrenheit 		Altitude
Above
Sea Level
Feet 		Atmospheric
Pressure
Pounds per
Square Inch 		Barometer
Reduced to
32 Degrees
Inches
184 15221 8.20 16.70 199 6843 11.29 22.99
185 14649 8.38 17.06 200 6304 11.52 23.47
186 14075 8.57 17.45 201 5764 11.76 23.95
187 13498 8.76 17.83 202 5225 12.01 24.45
188 12934 8.95 18.22 203 4697 12.26 24.96
189 12367 9.14 18.61 204 4169 12.51 25.48
190 11799 9.34 19.02 205 3642 12.77 26.00
191 11243 9.54 19.43 206 3115 13.03 26.53
192 10685 9.74 19.85 207 2589 13.30 27.08
193 10127 9.95 20.27 208 2063 13.57 27.63
194 9579 10.17 20.71 209 1539 13.85 28.19
195 9031 10.39 21.15 210 1025 14.13 28.76
196 8481 10.61 21.60 211 512 14.41 29.33
197 7932 10.83 22.05 212 Sea Level14.70 29.92
198 7381 11.06 22.52

Sea water contains on an average approximately 3.125 per cent of its weight of solid matter or a thirty-second part of the weight of the water and salt held in solution. [Pg 98]
[Pg 99] The approximate composition of this solid matter will be: sodium chloride 76 per cent, magnesium chloride 10 per cent, magnesium sulphate 6 per cent, calcium sulphate 5 per cent, calcium carbonate 0.5 per cent, other substances 2.5 per cent.