Heath's Modern Language Series: Mariucha - Benito Pérez Galdós

f. gratitude
grato, -a pleasing, acceptable
gratuitamente gratis, free
grave serious; low
gravedad f. gravity
gritar shout, shriek, call out
grito m. cry, shout, shriek
grupo m. group
guante m. glove
guapo m. bold fellow
guardar keep, observe; watch, guard; (also refl.) put away, keep
guardarropa m. wardrobe
guardia m. policeman; f. guard;
la — civil the rural police
güelo, güela = abuelo, abuela
guerra f. war
guisar cook
guitarra f. guitar
gustar please;
no me gusta I don't like
gusto m. pleasure; taste; pl. likes and dislikes;
mucho — pleased to meet you;
tener — en be glad to
H
ha = hay; [III, 38]
¿— lugar? can I come in?
haber have; impersonal
hay, etc. there is, there are;
hay que one must;
— de hacer have to do, must do, will do, be about to do;
dos meses ha two months ago
habitación f. room, apartment
habituar accustom
habladurías f. pl. gossip
hablar speak, talk;
— mal scold
hacer make, do, create, cause;
hace ... ago;
hace tiempo a long time ago;
¿qué tiempo hace? what is the weather like?
—se be made, take place, occur;
hace cuatro meses que estoy pidiendo for four months I have been asking;
—la buena make a break, get into trouble ([cf. note to II, 86])
hacia toward
hacienda f. estate, property; farm, farm lands
hacha f. hatchet
hada f. fairy
¡hale!: — con ellas go at them
hallar find;
—se be
hambre f. hunger;
tener — be hungry
harapiento, -a ragged, in rags
hasta up to, as far as; until; even;
— que until
hectárea f. hectare (about 2 ¹/₂ acres)
hecho m. fact; deed
hechura f. workmanship;
—s de casa homemade model
heredar inherit
herencia f. inheritance
herir wound, strike
hermana f. sister
hermanito m. little brother
hermano m. brother;
—s brother and sister, brothers and sisters
hermoso, -a beautiful
hermosura f. beauty
heroína f. heroine
herramienta f. tool, instrument
hierro m. iron
hija f. daughter, child
hijita f. little daughter
hijo m. son, child; offspring, result; pl. children
himno m. hymn
hiperbólico, -a hyperbolical, exaggerated
hipócrita hypocritical
hipotecario, -a of a mortgage;
con garantía —a with collateral security
historia f. story; history
hogaza f. large loaf of bread
holganza f. idleness, leisure
hombre m. man;
— de bien honorable man;
¡— de Dios! man alive!
hombro m. shoulder
hondo, -a deep, profound
honra f. honor
honradez f. honesty, fair dealing
honrado, -a honorable, honest
honrar honor; p.p. honest, honorable
honroso, -a honorable
hora f. hour; time;
es primera — de la noche it is early evening
horizonte m. horizon
hormigueo m. swarming, movement
horrendo, -a dreadful, hideous
horroroso, -a fearful
hortalizas f.pl. green vegetables
hospitalario, -a hospitable
hostil hostile
hoy to-day
hueco m. hollow, opening
huir (a), (de) flee, run away escape (from); [IV, 398]
— el cuerpo dodge, avoid conflict
hulla f. soft coal, bituminous coal
humanidad f. humanity
humano, -a human
humilde humble
humillación f. humiliation
humillante humiliating
humillar humiliate
humo m. smoke; pl. conceit, presumption
hundir sink, crush, plunge;
—se sink, be ruined
huracán m. storm
I
ídem (Latin) the same (as that just mentioned), ditto
identificarse con (una idea) seize, catch (an idea)
iglesia f. church
ignominia f. infamy, ignominy
ignorancia f. ignorance
ignorar not to know
igual equal, like, the same;
— que just as
igualar equal
iluminar light up, illuminate
ilusión f. illusion
iluso, -a deluded, impractical
ilustre illustrious, noble
imagen f. image
imaginar imagine; intend, think of
imaginativo, -a imaginative, of vivid imagination
imitar imitate
impaciencia f. impatience
impaciente impatient
impávido, -a undaunted, bold
impedir prevent
imperioso, -a imperious
impertinencia f. impertinence
impetuoso, -a impetuous
imponer impose
importancia f. importance
importante important
importar matter
importunar bore, trouble
imposible [IV, 74] hopeless
ímprobo, -a painful, laborious
impropio, -a (de) unsuited (to)
improvisar improvise
imprudencia f. imprudence
imprudente imprudent
impulsar impel
impulsivo, -a impulsive
impulso m. impulse;
dar — set in motion
impune unpunished
in aeternum (Latin) forever
inaudito, -a unheard of, extraordinary
inauguración f. inauguration
inaugurar inaugurate
incandescente incandescent
incapaz unfit, incompetent
incierto, -a uncertain
incitar urge
inclinación f. inclination
incluso, -a included, including
incoar begin (a lawsuit)
incomodarse object, take offense; p.p. disturbed, irritated
incontrastable irresistible
inconveniente [I, 560] unfortunate; n.m. drawback, objection
incredulidad f. incredulity
incurrir en incur, bring upon oneself
indecente rotten
indecible unspeakable;
gozo lo — I take unspeakable pleasure
indicación f. sign
indicar indicate, suggest, point to; p.p. (medical) indicated
indiferente indifferent
indignación f. indignation
indignado, -a indignant
indignarse get indignant
indiscreción f. indiscretion
índole f. nature, character
indudable undoubted, clear
indulgente indulgent
indulto m. pardon
industria f. industry, business
industrioso, -a industrious
inefable ineffable
inerme defenseless
inesperado, -a unexpected
inexpugnable impregnable
infalible infallible
infamante defaming, dishonoring
infame infamous; n.m. wretch
infantil childish
infeliz wretched, poor, unhappy, unlucky
inferior inferior
infierno m. hades, hell;
del quinto — [see note to III, 76]
infinito, -a infinite; adv.
—o infinitely
inflamar inflame
influencia f. influence, political power
influir en influence
informalidad f. unreliability, breach of faith
informar inform
infortunio m. ill luck, misfortune
infundir instil
ingenioso, -a ingenious
ingenuo, -a ingenuous, candid
ingerencia f. interference, meddling
Inglaterra f. England
ingratitud f. ingratitude, act of ingratitude
ingrato, -a ungrateful, disagreeable
ingreso m. money received, amount to one's credit; entrance, admission
iniciar begin, initiate
inicuo, -a iniquitous, wicked
injurioso, -a insulting
injusticia f. injustice
injusto, -a unjust
inmediatamente immediately
inmenso, -a immense
inmóvil motionless
inquebrantable unconquerable
inquietar worry
inquieto, -a anxious, restless
inquietud f. restlessness, anxiety
inquilino, -a m. and f. tenant
insano, -a insane
inscribir inscribe, record
inseguro, -a uncertain
insistir insist
insolencia f. insolence
insolente insolent
inspiración f. inspiration
inspirar inspire
instalar instal, settle
instancia f.:
juzgado de primera — lowest court, primary court
instante m. instant, moment;
al — at once;
por —s every moment
instinto m. instinct
instrumento m. instrument
insuficiente insufficient
insufrible insufferable
intachable stainless
inteligencia f. intelligence, mind
intensidad f. intensity
intenso, -a intense
intentar try
intento m. intention;
de — on purpose
interés m. interest
interesante interesting;
hacerse el — make oneself an object of attention
interesar interest;
—se por take an interest in
interior inner, interior; n.m. interior
interioridad f. private affair
internarse slip in
interrogar question
interrompir interrupt
íntimo, -a intimate
inusitado, -a unaccustomed
inútil useless
invención f. invention, conception, idea
inventar invent
inverosímil improbable
invierno m. winter
invitación f. invitation
invitar invite
invocar invoke
ir go, be about to; sometimes replaces
ser as an auxiliary;
—se go away, depart;
vase (in stage directions) exit;
vaya I declare, well;
vaya usted con Dios good-bye;
¿Quién va? Who goes there? [I, 364]
vaya que ponerte a hablar to think that you should start talking; see also under [vaya]
ira f. wrath, anger
iracundo, -a angry
irascibilidad f. irritability
irascible irritable
irónico, -a ironical
irreflexivo, -a thoughtless
irrisorio, -a ludicrous
irritar irritate
izquierdo, -a left; f. left hand, left
J
¡ja, ja! ha, ha!
Jacinto m. Hyacinth
jactancia f. boasting, conceit
jactancioso, -a boastful
jamás never; ever
jamón m. ham
jardín m. garden
jefe m. chief, head; [III, 27] chef
Jesucristo m. Christ
Jesús m. Jesus; (as an exclamation) Heavens! gracious!
¡— me valga! Heaven save us!
jornal m. day's earnings, wages
Josefita f. Josie
joven young; m. and f. young man, young woman
jovenzuela f. girl of poor appearance
jovialidad f. joviality
joya f. jewel, gem
júbilo m. joy, jubilation, rejoicing
Judas m. Judas;
más falso que — an utter fraud, utterly false
juececillo m. little judge
juego m. game, gambling
juez m. judge
jugar play
juicio m. wits, judgment, decision;
tener — be sensible
julio m. July
juntar join
junto, -a near, beside; pl. together; prep.
junto a near
juramento m. oath
jurar swear
jurídico, -a legal, juridical
justicia f. justice; forces of the law
justiciero, -a just, with the sternness of a judge
justo, -a just, righteous; exact; adv.
-o just so; right
juventud f. youth
juzgado m. court; courthouse
juzgar judge
L
labio m. lip
laborioso, -a hard-working
lado m. side, direction
lago m. lake
lágrima f. tear
lamentarse complain
lamento m. complaint
lámpara f. lamp
lana f. wool
lanzar utter;
—se a enter
lapis-lazuli m. lapis lazuli
largas f.pl.;
dar — play for time
largo, -a long
lástima f. pity; pitiful object, wreck;
me da — I feel sorry for;
le tengo — I feel sorry for him
lastimero, -a sorrowful, sad, regretful
lateral lateral, side
lavar wash, wash away
lección f. lesson
leer read
legado m. legacy
legítimo, -a legitimate, lawful
lejano, -a distant
lejos far, at a distance
lengua f. tongue, language
lenguaje m. language
lentitud f. slowness
lento, -a slow
leña f. wood, firewood
león m. lion
León m. Leon
letra f. letter, bill of exchange
levantar raise;
—se get up, arise
ley f. law; loyalty; legal standard;
de — genuine
leyenda f. inscription, motto
libertad f. liberty
libertar set free, free
libramiento m. order, draft
librar free, deliver
libre free, rid;
aire — open air
libro m. book
liga f. garter
ligero, -a light, slight;
a la —a hastily
lima f. file
limosna f. alms
limpiar clean, dust
linaje m. lineage, family
lindo, -a fair, pretty, handsome; prosperous
liquidación f. liquidation, settlement (of an account)
liquidar settle (an account), settle up
lobo m. wolf
local m. place of business, premises
loco, -a mad, wild, foolish
locura f. madness, folly; [III, 211] special weakness
lógico, -a logical
lograr succeed, obtain, gain
loquinario m. half-crazy fellow, scatterbrain, loony
lucecita f. little light
lucero m. morning star, bright star
lucir shine, grow light; display; p.p. brilliant
lucha f. struggle
luchar struggle
luego presently, later, very soon; then, therefore;
muy — at once;
hasta — I'll see you soon
lugar m. place, room;
tener — take place
lúgubre gloomy
lujo m. luxury, display
lujoso, -a luxurious
lumbre f. open fire, bonfire, kitchen fire
luminoso, -a luminous, bright
luna f. moon
lunes Monday
lustre m. brilliancy, luster, purity
luz f. light
Ll
llamamiento m. call, knocking
llamar call; knock, ring;
—se be named
llamativo, -a loud
llanto m. weeping;
romper en — burst into tears
llave f. key
llegar (a) arrive (at), come (to), reach; happen
llenar fill, comply with
lleno, -a full
llevar carry, bring, carry away; follow; lead, escort; experience, suffer;
—se carry off, lead away
llorar cry, weep, mourn
lloroso, -a tearful
M
madre f. mother
Madrid the capital city of Spain, with about 1,000,000 inhabitants
Madril = Madrid
madrugar rise early; (figuratively) be on the watch
maestro, -a m. and f. teacher, master; adj. masterly
magia f. magic
magnificencia f. magnificence
magnífico, -a magnificent
majo, -a gay, fine looking
mal adv. ill, badly, wrong; n.m. evil, disease, harm;
del — el menos I must make the best of it
maldad f. evil, wickedness; trouble
maldito, -a cursed
malhumorado, -a ill-humored
malicioso, -a malicious
malo, -a bad, evil, wrong; weak, wretched, petty, poor
mamá f. mother
mampostería f. rubblework
mancha f. spot
manchar stain, disgrace; streak
mandar command, order, send
mandón m. man in power, boss
manera f. manner, way
maniatar handcuff
manifestación f. declaration, explanation
manifestar declare, express, tell, show
Manila f. Manila;
mantón de — see
mantón
mano f. hand
manojito m. small bunch
manojo m. handful, bouquet
mansedumbre f. mildness, gentleness
manteca f. butter
mantener keep, maintain; support, pay living expenses
mantilla f. mantilla (lace scarf for the shoulders or head)
mantito m. cloak
manto m. cloak
mantón m. shawl;
— de Manila embroidered silk shawl, [see note to III, 215]
manutención f. support
mañana f. morning; adv. to-morrow;
pasado — day after to-morrow
mar m. and f. sea
maravilla f. marvel
maravilloso, -a marvelous
marcha f. march;
en — come on
marchar walk, progress, march;
—se go away
marfil m. ivory
María f. Mary;
— Santísima the Holy Virgin
marido m. husband
Mariquita f. dim. of
María
Mariucha f. (affectionate dim. of
María) Mollie
marqués m. marquis; pl. marquis and marchioness
marquesa f. marchioness
mártir m. martyr
martirio m. martyrdom
martirizar torment
mas but
más more; other; plus;
—— bien rather;
—— que except;
no —— que only;
por —— que in spite of the fact that, however much
masa f. mass; [849]
en —— general
máscara f. mask
matalotaje m. mess
matar kill
materia f. matter, material
material m. stock
matrimonio m. marriage, matrimony
máximum m. maximum
mayor greater, greatest; larger, largest; elder, eldest; head, chief
mayoral m. stage driver
mecánico, -a mechanical
mediador m. mediator, instrument
medianería f. partition wall
mediano, -a medium, moderate, ordinary
medio, -a half; n.m. midst, environment; means
mediodía m. noon
medir measure, measure out
meditabundo, -a thoughtful
meditación f. meditation
meditar ponder, meditate
mejor better, best
mejorar improve
melancolía f. melancholy
melancólico, -a melancholy
meloso, -a honeyed
memoria f. memory;
de — by heart
mendigar beg
mendigo m. beggar
menester m. need; employment, occupation;
haber — need
Menga f. Dominica
mengua f. disgrace, shame
menguado, -a mean, cowardly
menor less, slighter
menos less, least; except;
al —,
a lo — at least;
a — que unless
menosprecio m. contempt
mensaje m. message
mensajero, -a m. and f. messenger
mensual monthly, a month
mente f. mind
mentecato m. fool, imbecile
mentir lie
mentira f. lie;
parece — it seems impossible
menú m. (French) bill of fare
mercado m. market
mercancía f. merchandise, articles
mercantil commercial
merecedor, -ra deserving
merecer deserve
merienda f. afternoon tea, (light) lunch
mérito m. merit
mesa f. table, desk;
— de noche night stand
mesmamente (dialect) even
mesmo = mismo
metálico, -a metallic
meter put, put in, set;
—se en enter into, concern oneself with
mí me;
de — for my part
miá = mira
miedo m. fear
mies f. harvest
mil a thousand

milagro m. miracle
millón m. million
millonaria f. millionairess
milloncejo m. a trifle like a million
mina f. mine
minero, -a mining
ministro m. minister; secretary (in a government cabinet)
minucioso, -a minute, careful
mío, -a my, mine, of mine;
el —o, etc. pron. mine;
lo —o what is mine
mirada f. glance, look
mirar look, look at; regard, consider;
mire usted you see, see here;
— por look out for
misa f. mass;
— mayor high mass
miserable wretched, in poverty
miseria f. poverty; bits, wretched trifles
misericordia f. mercy
mísero, -a wretched
mismo, -a same, very, own, self;
lo — the same thing;
mañana — no later than to-morrow
misterio m. mystery
mitad f. half, middle
mito m. myth; legendary person
mixto, -a mixed;
tren — train with freight and passenger cars
mocoso, -a (literally, with running nose) dirty, too young to take care of himself
moda f. fashion
modales m. pl. manners
modelo m. model
moderno, -a modern
modestia f. modesty
modesto, -a modest, requiring little
modista f. dressmaker, modiste
modisto m. ladies' tailor, designer
modo m. way, manner;
de otro — otherwise;
de — que so that
molestar trouble, pester, irritate;
—se put oneself out, trouble oneself
molestia f. trouble, annoyance
momentáneo, -a momentary
momento m. moment;
al — in a moment, at once;
de un — a otro at any moment
monaguillo m. acolyte, assistant in church service
mono, -a m. and f. monkey; adj. pretty, cute
monte m. mountain, wooded hill
Montevideo the capital of Uruguay; 350,000 inhabitants
montón m. heap
morir die
moscón m. bluebottle fly; bore, nuisance, pest
mostrar show, display
mote m. nickname
mover(se) move, stir
movimiento m. movement, gesture; impulse
mozo, -a youthful; n.m. youth; porter, waiter, man of all work; n.f. girl
mozuela f. wench, (country) girl
muchacha f. girl
muchacho m. boy, youth
muchedumbre f. crowd
mucho, -a much, much of a, great; many, many a, long; adv.
—o very; hard;
¡—! good! yes indeed!
por — que however much
mudar change;
—se move
mudo, -a dumb, silent
mueblaje m. furnishings
muebles m. pl. furniture
muela f. molar
muerte f. death
muesama f.
= nuestra ama, nuesama madame, mistress
muestrario m. collection of samples, show case
mugriento, -a dirty, greasy
mujer f. woman; wife
mujercita f. [170] narrow woman
multiplicar multiply
multitud f. multitude
mundo m. world;
todo el — everybody; the whole world
municipal city (used as adj.)
murmullo m. murmur, whisper
murmurar murmur, whisper
muro m. wall
musgoso, -a mossy
música f. music; empty phrases, nonsense
músico m. musician
mutuo, -a mutual
muy very
N
nacer be born; arise
naciente growing, newborn
nacimiento m. birth
nada nothing; anything; not at all; at all;
—, — never mind;
— más que only;
— de carta let's not use a letter
nadie no one; any one
nariz f. nose, nostril
natural natural, native
naturaleza f. nature
navaja f. knife, razor
necedad f. folly
necesario, -a necessary
necesidad f. necessity, need
necesitar need
necio, -a foolish; m. and f. fool
negativa f. refusal
negociar trade
negocio m. business
negro, -a black; n.m. negro
nene m. baby
nervioso, -a nervous
ni neither, nor; not even;
— siquiera,
— tan siquiera not even
Nicolás m. Nicholas
nido m. nest
ningún, ninguno, -a none, not any, not one; no one
niña f. girl, child
niño m. boy, child; pl. children;
muy niño very young
nivel m. level
no no, not;
— más only
nobilísimo, -a most noble
nobleza f. nobility, generosity
nocturno, -a night (used as adv.), nocturnal
noche f. night;
de — at night, nighttime
nogal m. walnut
nombrar appoint, name, mention
nombre m. name, Christian name
noramala (= enhoramala):
— con confound ...!
norte m. North; polestar, guiding star; direction
nota f. note, tone;
tomar — de take account of
notar observe, notice
noticia f.(also pl.) news;
tener — learn
novecientos, -as nine hundred
novedad f. novelty;
de gran — the very latest style
noventa ninety
novia sweetheart, fiancée, "girl"
novio m. lover, fiancé
nube f. cloud
nuevecito, -a brand new
nuevo, -a new;
de —o again
número m. number
nunca never; ever
O
o or;
— bien or else
obedecer obey
obediencia f. obedience
obispo m. bishop
objeto m. object
obligación f. duty; debt
obligar oblige, force, compel
obra f. work; deed
obrar act, work, operate
obscuridad f. obscurity, darkness
obscuro, -a obscure, dark
obsequiar entertain, treat
observación f. observation
observar observe
obstáculo m. obstacle
obstante: no — nevertheless
obstinarse persist
obtener obtain
ocasión f. occasion, opportunity
ocultar hide, conceal
ocupación f. occupation
ocupar occupy, occupy one's attention;
—se be occupied, pay attention;
—se en look after; p.p. busy
ocurrencia f. occurrence, whim
ocurrir occur, happen
ochenta eighty
ochocientos, -as eight hundred
odio m. hatred
odioso, -a odious
oficialidad f. body of officers
oficio m. trade, profession
oficioso, -a officious
ofrecer offer
oído m. ear; hearing
oír hear
ojo m. eye;
¡—! take care!
ola f. wave
olvidar,
—se de forget
omitir omit
omnipotente omnipotent
opinión f. opinion
oponer oppose;
—se a oppose
oportuno, -a happy, fitting
oprimir oppress, weigh down
oprobio m. opprobrium, disgrace
opulento, -a rich
Ora pro nobis (Latin) pray for us (a response; cf. note to III, [224-225])
oración f. prayer
orar pray
orden m. order, system; f. order, command
ordenar order
ordinario, -a ordinary, common
organizar organize
orgullo m. pride
orgulloso, -a proud
origen m. origin
originar cause
orla f. border
oro m. gold
ostentación f. show, display
ostentar display
otro, -a another, any other, other; else; different;
—a vez again
P
pa = para
paciencia f. patience
pacífico, -a peaceful, quiet
padecer suffer
padre m. father; pl. parents
pagar pay, repay, pay for;
—se de be pleased with; p.p. pleased, tickled
pago m. payment
país m. country, nation
paiz = parece
paja f. straw
pájaro m. bird; fellow
palabra f. word; floor (turn in speaking)
palabrería f. empty talk
palacio m. palace, mansion
palaciote m. huge house
palmadita f. pat
palo m. stick; blow with cudgel
palo-tarja m. see
tarja
palpar feel, feel about
pan m. bread, loaf
pana f. corduroy
pandereta f. tambourine
pantano m. swamp, slough
paño m. cloth
pañuelo m. handkerchief; kerchief
papá m. papa, father
papaíto m. daddy
papel m. paper; stock; part, rôle;
hacer mal — make a poor appearance;
yo no hago —es I don't pretend what isn't so
paquete m. parcel, bundle
par equal, alike; n.m. pair, couple; peer;
sin — peerless, unequaled
para to, in order to, for, toward;
— mí in my opinion;
— que in order that;
— sí to himself, yourself
parálisis f. paralysis
paralizar paralyze
parar stop, stay; end, land, remain;
venir a — land;
parado en firme stock-still
pararrayos m. lightning rod
parásito m. parasite
parecer appear, seem; refl. resemble;
al — apparently
parecido, -a like, resembling; n.m. resemblance
pared f. wall
paroxismo m. paroxysm
parque m. park
párroco m. parish;
cura — parish priest
parroquia f. parish
parroquial parochial
parte f. part; place, side;
en todas —s everywhere;
la mayor — the majority, most
particularmente especially
particular private
partida f. game; lot
partidita f. small amount
partir start, set forth; split
pasa f. raisin;
— de Corinto (dried) currant
pasacalle m. passacaglia (name of an old Spanish dance, of a slow and rather solemn nature; now applied to a quick march tune)
pasado, -a past, last;
— mañana day after to-morrow
pasamanería f. passementerie, lace
pasar(se) pass, come in; happen; undergo, suffer;
— de be more than;
—lo,
—se get along; p.p. last, past
pasear(se) stroll, loiter, walk about
pasión f. passion
pasito m. short step
pasivo, -a passive
paso m. passage; step; right of way; incident;
abrir el — make way, clear a path
pastor m. shepherd;
— de almas spiritual guardian
paterno, -a paternal
patio m. inner court of a house
pato m. duck
patria f. country, native land
pausa f. pause
pavipollo m. young turkey
pavonearse strut about, put on airs
paz f. peace
pechera f. shirt front
pecho m. breast, chest, bosom
pedacito m. tiny piece
pedazo m. piece;
— de bárbaro = bárbaro
pedido m. order (commercial)
pedir ask, beg, require
pedrería f. jewelry, gems
Pedro m. Peter
pegar hit; stick, glue
peignoir m. (French) wrapper, dressing gown
peine m. comb
peldaño m. step
pelo m. hair
pena f. sorrow, trial
penar suffer
penetrante penetrating
penetrar penetrate
penoso, -a painful, hard
pensamiento m. thought
pensar think, intend; expect; consider, think over, think up
pensativo, -a thoughtful
pensión f. pension, board
penuria f. penury, extreme poverty
peña f. cliff, rock
peor worse, worst
pequeño, -a small
perchero m. clothes rack
perder lose; ruin, waste; p.p. wicked, dissolute;
loco perdido hopelessly insane
perdición f. perdition, evil
perdonar pardon, forgive
pérfidamente treacherously
perfil m. profile
Perico m. dim. of
Pedro
periódico m. newspaper
perla f. pearl
permanecer remain
permiso m. permission
permitir permit
pero but
perpetuo, -a perpetual
perro m. dog
perseguir pursue, persecute
persistir persist, continue
persona f. person
personaje m. personage, character
perspicacia f. clear-sightedness
pertenecer belong
pertenencia f. holding, property
perturbación f. disturbance
perverso, -a perverse
pesar m. sorrow;
a — de in spite of
peseta f. peseta (the unit coin of Spain; worth about 20 cents; it is divided into 100
céntimos)
pesimismo m. pessimism
pesimista pessimistic
peso m. weight; dollar
petición f. asking, request
petitorio m. begging, constant asking
pez m. fish
picar bite, sting; vex; smart; breakup;
— alto have lofty aims
picardía f. malice
picaresco, -a mischievous
pícaro, -a rascally, wretched, confounded, mischievous
pie m. foot;
de — standing, able to be about, on foot; [80] on their feet;
en — standing
piedad f. pity; piety
piedra f. stone, rock, gem
pieza f. piece; play; room
pila f. font;
nombre de — Christian name
pintoresco, -a picturesque
pisada f. footstep; footprint; stepping
pláceme m. congratulation, felicitation
placer m. pleasure
plano m. plane, projection
planta f. sole of the foot, foot
plantar plant;
—se en take one's stand
plata f. silver
plateresco, -a plateresque (a highly ornate style of architecture combined with sculpture; it flourished in Spain in the 16th century)
plaza f. square, market place
plazo m. space or limit of time, time of payment
plebeyo m. plebeian, man of vulgar birth
pleno, -a full
pliego m. sheet, envelope
pluma f. pen; feather
pluvial: capa — cope
poblar people, fill
pobre poor, weak
pobrecillo m. poor fellow
pobrecito m. poor creature
pobreza f. poverty
poco, -a little, few, slight; adv.
poco little, not very, not much;
— menos que almost; n.m. a little;
dentro de — soon;
para — faint-hearted
pocho, -a faded, discolored
poder be able, can;
no — más can't stand it longer;
no — menos de can't help; n.m. power
poderoso, -a powerful
podrido, -a decayed, rotten
poético, -a poetic
policía f. policing
política f. politics
político, -a political
polvo m. dust
pollo m. chicken
pompa f. pomp, show, splendor
poner place, put, put on; lay, fix; send;
—se put on; become;
—se a begin to, set out to;
—se en camino start out
poquísimo, -a extremely little
poquito m. bit
por for, through, along, across, on, at, by, to, in, over, on account of; in order to; as; per; referring to;
—— qué why;
—— malo que however ill;
—— si to see whether; in case
porcelana f. porcelain
porque because; in order that
por qué (as n. m.) reason
porquería f. filth; trifle, shabby thing
portal m. vestibule
portalada f. portico; opening
porte m. cost of carriage, freight;
—— pagado prepaid
Porto m. a city in Portugal; hence Port wine
poseedor, -ra m. and f. possessor
poseer possess
posibilidad f. possibility
posible possible
posición f. position
positivo, -a positive
potente powerful
Potosí m. a province of Bolivia, famous from its earliest history for rich silver mines
pozo m. well
práctica f. practice
practicable real, capable of functioning
práctico, -a practical
precario, -a precarious
precio m. price
preciosidad f. gem, beauty
precioso, -a charming, beautiful; precious
precipicio m. precipice
precipitar hurl; hasten;
—se rush
preciso, -a necessary
preferir prefer
pregonar publish, announce, cry aloud, proclaim
pregonero m. town crier
pregunta f. question
preguntar ask (a question)
premio m. reward
premioso, -a slow, with difficulty
prenda f. garment, article of value
preocupación f. prejudice, preconception
preocupar worry, concern;
—se de concern oneself with, make provision for; p.p. concerned, anxious
preparación f. preparation
preparar prepare
presencia f. presence
presentar present, introduce;
—se appear
presente present;
los —s those here present
preservativo m. preservative; conservation
presidio m. fortress; military prison
préstamo m. loan
prestar lend
presteza f. speed, haste
presumir presume, suppose, imagine
presunción f. presumption
presuntuoso, -a conceited
presuroso, -a hasty, in haste
pretender try, intend, wish
pretendiente m. suitor
pretensión f. intention, expectation; claim, pretension
preterición f. omission
prevalecer prevail
prevenir warn, inform; provide against, foresee; p.p. ready
prever foresee
previsión f. foresight;
en —— de foreseeing
primero, -a first; adv.
—o first, at first
primitivo, -a original
primor m. beauty, exquisiteness, beautiful quality
principal principal, leading
príncipe m. prince
principiar begin
principio m. beginning; principle;
en un —— at first
prisa f. haste;
a —— quickly;
dar —— urge to hasten
prisita intensified form of
prisa
privación f. privation
privar deprive
probabilidad f. probability
probar prove, try, try on, test, taste; suit
proceder proceed; n.m. procedure, behavior
procesar try (in court), bring suit against
procesión f. procession;
la —— va por dentro (his) thoughts are kept to (him)self
proceso m. suit
procurar try; procure
prodigar lavish
producto m. product
profecía f. prophecy
profeta m. prophet
profetizar prophesy
profundo, -a deep
prohibir forbid
promesa f. promise
prometer promise
prontitud f. promptness
pronto, -a ready, speedy; adv.
—o soon, quickly;
por de ——,
por lo —— provisionally, for the present
propender tend, incline
propiedad f. ownership, property, estate
propietario m. proprietor, owner
propina f. tip, gratuity
propio, -a one's own, private; proper, same;
tú —— you yourself;
—— de befitting, suited
proponer propose
proporción f. proportion; match
propósito m. aim, intention;
a —— by the way; suitable;
a —— de speaking of
prorrumpir burst out
proteger protect
protesta f. protest
protestar protest
provecho m. profit
proveer provide
provenir arise, be caused by
Providencia f. Providence
provincia f. province
provinciano, -a provincial
próximo, -a near, nearby, approaching
proyecto m. project, plan
prueba f. test, trial; proof
publicar publish

público, -a public; n.m. public
puchero m. pot, pan; stew; pl. pouting, whimpering
pueblo m. people, common people, nation; town
puerta f. door, gate
pues well, then, just so; why!
¡—— no! of course! why not?
puesto p.p. of
poner;
—— que since; although; n.m. position, post, stand, stall
pulga f. flea
pulso m. pulse, wrist;
a —— by strength of hand
puntilla f. lace edging
punto m. point;
en —— precisely;
al —— at once
puntualidad f. punctuality, promptness
puño m. fist
purgatorio m. purgatory
puro, -a pure; n.m. (Havana) cigar
púrpura f. purple
pus =
pues
putrefacto, -a putrid, rotten
Q
que rel. pron. who, which, whom, that; conj. that, for, since, and, when, such that; adv. than, as
¿qué? what; what a;
¿por ——? why?
quebradero m.:
—— de cabeza worry
quedar(se) remain, be left;
—— en agree to;
—se con keep;
por mí no ha de —— it shall not remain undone through my fault
quedo, -a soft, gentle, low
quehacer m. errand; duty, occupation
queja f. complaint
quejarse (de) complain (of)
quema f. fire, conflagration;
huir de la —— run away from danger, avoid serious difficulties
quemar burn; p.p. vexed
querer wish, desire, be willing; like, love; expect;
—— decir mean;
yo quisiera I should like;
lo que quiera anything;
donde quiera wherever; [V, 211]
quiere ser claims to be; p.p. dear, my dear
quié =
quiere
quiebra f. failure, bankruptcy
quien who, whom, whoever, he who, one who, the one who
quién who;
¿de ——? whose;
¡—— pudiera creer! I wish I could believe!
quién [73] =
quieren
quiera see
querer
quinientos, -as five hundred
quinto, -a fifth
quitar take away, remove, take off;
esto no quita this doesn't prevent
quizá,
quizás perhaps
R
rabia f. rage
rabiar rage, be wild with anger or spite
Rafael m. Raphael
raíz f. root;
bienes raíces real estate
ralea f. race, breed
rama f. branch
rápido, -a rapid
rasgar tear
rasgo m. dash, stroke; trait; [I, 87] display of generosity
rasguño m. scratch
raso, -a open, unobstructed, flat;
hacer tabla —a de clean away
rastaquouère f. (French) rich adventuress
rastrero, -a low-flying, crawling; abject
ratito m. little while
rato m. time, short time;
a —s sometimes, at short intervals
rayito m. small ray
rayo m. ray, shaft, thunder-bolt;
ha sido como un —— it was a fearful shock
raza f. race
razón f. word, speech; reason; right;
tener —— be right
razonable reasonable
re- (an intensifying prefix) very
real real; royal
real m. a former Spanish copper coin (real de vellón) worth 25
céntimos or 5 cents
realce m. luster, relief
realidad f. reality
realizar carry out; cash, convert into cash
realmente really
reanudar renew, resume
reaparecer reappear
rebajar lower, take off, deduct
rebañar scrape
rebelarse rebel
rebelde rebellious; n.m. rebel
rebosar overflow (with)
recado m. message
recamado, -a embroidered
recapitular sum up, go over a matter again
recargar load, burden
recatar conceal
recibir receive
reciente recent
reciprocidad f. reciprocity;
en su —— from both parties
recíproco, -a reciprocal, mutual
reclamar demand, claim
recluir confine, keep in seclusion
recobrar recover
recoger get, pick up, receive, take charge of; p.p. in seclusion
recogimiento m. silent meditation
recomendación f. recommendation, influence
recomendar recommend, commend
recompensar reward
reconocer recognize, acknowledge; search through; p.p. grateful
reconocimiento m. scrutiny; recognition
reconstruir reconstruct
recordar remember; remind
recorrer go back and forth on
rectitud f. rectitude, uprightness
rector m. rector, principal
recurso m. resource; pl. means, funds
rechazar reject
red f. net
redentor m. redeemer
Redfern a famous Parisian ladies' tailor
redil m. (sheep)fold
redimir redeem
reducir reduce, bring to terms, overcome one's resistance
reducto m. redoubt
referir relate;
—se refer
refinado, -a refined
reflejo m. reflection; reflex, light reflected;
—— metálico luster
(cf. note to [III, 308])
reflexionar en think of, consider
reflexivo, -a meditating
reforma f. reform
refugio m. refuge
refulgente shining, sparkling
regatear haggle
regeneración f. regeneration
regio, -a royal, regal
registrar search
registro m. registry, record-office
regocijar make rejoice
regocijo m. mirth, hilarity
rehacerse rally, recover oneself
reina f. queen
reír(se) laugh
reja f. iron grating, bars or railing
relación f. relation;
entrar en —es con become on familiar terms with
relajar relax
relato m. narrative
religión f. religion
religioso, -a religious
reloj m. watch
relucir shine
remediar remedy, help;
—se de be relieved in
remedio m. remedy;
no tiene —— it can't be helped
remesa f. remittance
remoquete m. nickname
remoto, -a remote
rencoroso, -a spiteful, [V, 150] capable of expressing hatred
rendir conquer, overcome;
—se yield
renegar de refuse
renunciar (a) give up
reñir quarrel, scold
reparación f. restoration
reparar (en) notice, observe
reparón, -ona inquisitive
repentinamente suddenly
repetición f. repetition
repetir repeat
repicar ring a bell;
—— en el Cristo ring the bell at the shrine of the Christ
repique m. chime, peal
replegar fold up
replicar reply
reponer replace, reply;
—se recover
reprobación f. reprobation
reproducir reproduce, repeat, copy
repugnancia f. repugnance
repugnante repugnant, disgusting
repugnar de be repugnant to
reputación f. reputation
requisito m. requisite, required adjunct
requisitoria f. requisition; summons
reservar keep
resignarse resign oneself
resistencia f. resistence
resistir resist;
—se a hesitate to, dislike to
resolución f. resolution, resolve
resolver(se) resolve, decide;
—se change, settle
resorte m. spring
respetable worthy
respeto m. respect;
de —— spare, extra; ceremonial, formal, "company"
respetuoso, -a respectful
respiración f. breathing
respirar breathe, breathe freely
resplandecer gleam, shine
responder answer, correspond
responsabilidad f. responsibility
responsable responsible
responso m. responsory for the dead
respuesta f. reply, answer
restablecer reëstablish
restante left over, remaining;
lo —— the remainder
resto m. rest
resucitar resuscitate
resuelto, -a (p.p. of
resolver) settled
resultado m. result, product
resultar result, turn out, appear
retener retain, detain
retirar withdraw, take out, lead away;
—se retire
retórica f. rhetoric; pl. sophistry, quibbling
retrasado, -a late, behind time
retraso m. delay
retro:
a —— (Latin) [see note to I, 254]
retroceder retreat, go back, back up, retire
reunir unite, put together;
—se get together
revelar reveal
reventar burst
reverencia f. bow
revestir dress (with ceremonial garb)
revolución f. revolution
revolver overturn, upset; p.p. topsy-turvy
rial =
real
ricacho m. rich guy
ricachona f. very wealthy woman
Ricardo m. Richard
rico, -a rich
ridiculez f. folly; mortification
ridículo, -a ridiculous; n.m. ridicule, ridiculous plight
riesgo m. risk
rígido, -a rigid
rigor m. severity, strictness
riqueza f. riches
riquísimo, -a very rich, splendid
risa f. laughter; humor
ristra f. string (of onions, etc.)
risueño, -a smiling
ritual m. ritual;
libro de —— prayer book, book of services
robar steal, rob, deprive of
robustez f. vigor
roca f. rock
rodar roll
rodear surround, encircle
rodilla f. knee;
de —s kneeling
rogar ask, request, plead
rojo, -a red
Roldán m. Roland
romería f. pilgrimage (to a country shrine; hence) picnic, festivity
romper break, tear;
—— a hablar begin to speak
rompimiento m. break, breaking off
ropa f. (also pl.) clothes
ropita f. [II, 236] the little clothes you had
roquero, -a rocky, built on a rock
rosario m. rosary;
rezar el —— tell one's beads
rosbif m. roast beef
rostro m. face
roto p.p. of
romper
rudo, -a rude, hard
Rue de Rivoli (French) Rivoli Street (in Paris, containing many famous shops)
ruido m. noise, racket
ruina f. ruin
ruinoso, -a ruinous
rumbo m. course
rumor m. sound, noise, report
Rusia f. Russia
ruso, -a Russian
rústico, -a rustic, rural
S
saber know, know how; learn (especially in the preterite tense);
¿qué sé yo? how do I know?
no sé qué some ... or other
sabiduría f. wisdom
sacar draw out, take out, extract; draw on, find out, discover; get
saco m. sack, bag
sacrificar sacrifice
sacrificio m. sacrifice
sacristán m. sacristan, sexton
sagrado, -a sacred
sala f. parlor, hall, room
salado, -a witty, bright
saldo m. balance, settlement
saleroso, -a bright, witty
salir come out, issue, go out, get out, go away; enter (in stage directions); rise (of the sun); occur;
—se con la suya get one's own way
salón m. room, parlor, large hall
salpicar splash, dot
saltar jump, jump over, start, skip
salud f. health; salvation
saludable salutary
saludar greet; bow to, salute
saludo m. greeting
salvación f. salvation
salvador, -ra saving
salvar save
salvo except;
poner a —— safeguard, preserve
sanción f. sanction, confirmation
Sanfelices Sanfelices
sangre f. blood; race
sano, -a healthy; whole
San Petersburgo Petrograd
Santamar not an actual Spanish place-name
santificar sanctify
santiguarse cross oneself
santísimo, -a most holy
santo, -a,
san, saint, holy, blessed; n.m. saint
santuario m. sanctuary
sartén f. frying pan
sastre m. tailor
satisfacción f. satisfaction; payment
satisfacer (p.p.
satisfecho) satisfy
sátrapa m. satrap (governor of a province among the ancient Persians)
se himself, herself, etc. (both accusative and dative); replaces any third person object pronoun before another
secar dry
seco, -a dry
secretear speak in private, whisper
secreto, -a secret; n.m. secret
secuestrar kidnap, keep in confinement
secular centuries old
seda f. silk
sedación f. calm, lull
seguida f.:
en —— at once
seguir follow, continue; p.p. in succession
según according to; as; according as; that depends
segundo, -a second; latter
seguramente surely
seguridad f. certainty, safety
seguro, -a sure, safe, certain;
—o,
de —o certainly, without fail
seiscientos, -as six hundred
selecto, -a choice
sellar seal
semana f. week
semblante m. face, appearance
semejante similar, such, such a
semejanza f. resemblance
sencillez f. simplicity
sencillo, -a simple
sendero m. path
seno m. bosom
sentar seat; benefit; fix, plant;
—se sit down;
—— la cabeza be sensible, settle down;
—— la mano make felt the weight of one's displeasure
sentido m. sense;
—— común common sense
sentimiento m. sentiment
sentir feel; hear; regret, be sorry for
seña f. sign
señal f. sign
señalar mark; point to
señor m. sir, master, Mr., gentleman
señora f. lady, mistress; wife; Mrs., Madam
señorío m. nobility, upper class
señorita f. young lady, miss
señorito m. young gentleman
separación f. separation
separar separate, keep distinct;
—se depart, leave
septiembre m. September
ser be;
—— de belong to;
érase there was once
ser m. being
serenar calm
serenidad calmness
sereno, -a calm, cool-headed
serie f. series
sermón m. sermon
sermoneo m. sermonizing
servicio m. service
servidor m. servant
servil servile
servilismo m. servility
servir serve, be used, be of use, be fit;
para —— a V. S. at your service;
—se be kind enough to
sesenta sixty
severidad f. severity
severo, -a severe
si if, whether; indeed, of course, why;
por —— to see whether; in case
sí yes, indeed;
decir que —— consent to marry; pron. himself, herself, itself, themselves
siempre always, ever;
—— que each time that, whenever; provided that
sierra f. mountain range
siglo m. century
significar signify, mean
signo m. sign
siguiente following, next
silencio m. silence
silencioso, -a silent, mute
Silesia f. a province of Prussia
silla f. chair
simpático, -a likable, congenial
simple simple, mere
simultáneamente simultaneously
sin without;
—— que without
sinceridad f. sincerity
sincero, -a sincere
sino but, except;
no... —— only;
—— que but
siquiera even, at least;
ni ——,
ni tan —— not even
sitio m. spot, place
situación f. situation
soberano, -a sovereign
soberbio, -a proud; splendid
sobra f. remnant, leavings
sobrar be in excess, be superfluous; be left over;
medios le sobran he has a thousand ways;
le sobra razón he is entirely right
sobre above, on, upon; beside;
—— todo especially
sobre m. envelope
sobresaltado, -a startled
sobreseer (una causa) withdraw, suspend (a suit), grant a stay in proceedings
sobrina f. niece
sociedad f. society
socorrer aid, help
socorro m. aid, assistance
soga f. rope
sol m. sun;
hace —— it is sunny;
de —— a —— from daybreak to dusk
soledad f. solitude; loneliness
solemne solemn
solemnidad f. solemnity
soler be accustomed, wont; be usually
solicitar beg for, ask for
sólido, -a solid
solitario, -a solitary
solito, -a all alone
solo, -a deserted; single, only, alone;
a solas alone
sólo only, alone
soltar loose, let go, let fly, turn loose
soltero, -a unmarried
solución f. solution
sollozar sob
sollozo m. sob
sombra f. shade, shadow
sombrero m. hat
someter subject, submit, subjugate
Somonte pr.n. (as adj. rough, crude)
son m. sound
sonar sound, sound natural
sonido m. sound
sonreír smile
sonrisa f. smile
sonrojo m. blush; offense (which causes a blush)
soñador m. dreamer
soñar (con) dream (of)
sopa f. (also pl.) soup with slices of bread in it
soportar endure, support
sordidez f. stinginess
sorprender surprise, catch
sorpresa f. surprise
sortija f. ring
sosegarse calm down, become quiet
sospecha f. suspicion
sospechar suspect, imagine
sostén m. support
sostener sustain, uphold, support
sostenimiento m. support
sotana f. cassock
subida f. rise, ascent
subir rise, come up, go up, climb; raise, hoist
súbito, -a sudden
suceder happen; follow, replace
suceso m. event, occurrence
sucumbir succumb
suelo m. floor; ground;
por los —s on the ground, at the bottom
sueño m. sleep; dream;
tener —— be sleepy
suerte f. luck, fate; good luck; way, manner
sufragio m. good deed which is applied to the aid of souls in purgatory
sufrimiento m. suffering
sufrir suffer
sugerir suggest
suicidarse commit suicide
suicidio m. suicide
sujeto, -a subject; fastened; n.m. subject; fellow, person
suma f. sum
sumamente extremely
superfluo, -a superfluous
superior superior, of fine quality
super-mujer f. superwoman
súplica f. request
suplicar beg, request
suplicio m. torment
supremo, -a supreme
suprimir suppress
suscripción f. subscription
suspender suspend, hang, cease
suspenso, -a in suspense
suspirar sigh
suspiro m. sigh
sustentar support, maintain
sustituir take the place of
susto m. fright, shock
sutil subtle
suyo, -a his, hers, its, theirs; of his, etc.;
el ——,
la -a, etc. pron. his, hers, its, theirs;
hacer de las suyas be up to (his) usual tricks
T
tabla f. board, plank
tal such, such a, of the sort;
el —— the said (person);
con —— que,
con —— de que provided that;
¿qué ——? how is it going?
—— vez perhaps
talento m. talent
tallar cut, carve
tamaño, -a so great, of the size of; [III, 80]
—os así so big (with a gesture showing height); n.m. size
también also
tampoco neither, not either, nor that either
tan so, as, such a;
—— sólo only
tantico m. bit
tanto, -a so much, so many (sometimes used with singular noun in plural sense);
por lo —— therefore
tanto adv. so much; n.m. a little;
en —— que while;
entre —— meanwhile
tapar conceal, cover up; stop, plug
tardanza f. delay
tardar delay, be late
tarde late;

lo más —— at the latest; n.f. afternoon
tarea f. task, labor
tarja f. tally stick (with notches, which form a primitive method of counting)
te m. tea
teatro m. theater
techo m. roof, ceiling
tela f. cloth
telegrama m. telegram
temblar tremble
temer fear, be afraid
temeroso, -a timid, afraid
temor m. fear
templado, -a lukewarm, mild; tempered
temprano, -a early
tendero m. shopkeeper
tenebroso, -a dark, gloomy
tener have, hold, keep;
—— que hacer have to, be obliged to, do;
tengo que hacer I have work to do;
—— por consider
Teodolinda f. Theodolinda
Teplitz Teplitz-Schönau (a town in Bohemia, with warm springs for bathing)
tercero, -a third
Teresa f. Theresa
terminar end
término m. end;
primer —— foreground
ternura f. tenderness
territorio m. territory, country, district within the jurisdiction of a court
tesón m. obstinacy, persistence, tenacity, firmness
tesoro m. treasure
testamento m. will, testament
tez f. complexion, skin
tié =
tiene
tiempo m. time; weather;
a —— in time;
va para —— will take a long time
tienda f. shop, store
tierno, -a tender
tierra f. earth, soil; land, country, native place, home
timbre m. tone
timidez f. timidity
tímido, -a timid
tío m. uncle; fellow, old man
tipo m. type
tiranía f. tyranny
tiránico, -a tyrannical
tirano m. tyrant
tirar pull, drag; throw; attract; [I, 100]
tirando dragging about; [V, 90]
a eso tira that's what he's working for
título m. title
tiznar smear, begrime, smuten
tizne m. grime
tocar touch; befit; play;
me toca it falls to me or is my turn;
a toca-teja cash down
todavía still, yet
todito, -a absolutely all
todo, -a all, every;
en —— este año some time during the present year; n.m. all, everything;
con —— nevertheless;
del —— entirely, completely, quite
toilette (French) attire, dress
to l' =
todo el
tolerancia f. tolerance
tolerar tolerate, endure, allow
tomar take, undertake;
¡toma! I declare! well!
tonelada f. ton
tontaina m. fool, dolt
tontín m. silly boy
tonto, -a silly, foolish; n.m. fool, idiot
toque m. stroke
torbellino m. whirl, rush
torcer twist, turn aside; wring
tormento m. torment
torre f. tower
tortura f. torture
tosco, -a rough, rude
trabajador, -ra hard-working; n.m. laborer, workingman
trabajar work
trabajo m. work, labor, effort
trabajoso, -a toilsome
traer carry, bring, keep
tráfico m. traffic, trade
tragar swallow
traída f. bringing;
—— de aguas waterworks
train =
traen
traje m. suit, clothes
tramitación f. proceeding;
poner en —— set in motion
trance m. emergency, crisis;
a todo —— at any cost
tranquilidad f. peacefulness, calm
tranquilo, -a peaceful, quiet, at ease, free from anxiety
transformar transform
transición f. transition, change
trapito m. little rag, remnant
trapom. rag, cloth; pl. (colloquial) women's clothes
tras after, behind;
—— de behind
trastornar upset, disturb
trastorno m. disorder, confusion
tratamiento m. treatment; title of courtesy, mode of address
tratar treat; get well acquainted with;
—— de try to; speak of, discuss, consider
trato m. bargain, business; intercourse, acquaintance
través m.:
al —— de through, across
travieso, -a mischievous
traza f. appearance, looks
trazar trace
trecho m. distance
treinta thirty
tremendo, -a terrible
trémulo, -a trembling
tren m. train
tres three;
las —— three o'clock
tribulación f. trouble, trial
trigo m. wheat
trinidad f. trinity
trino, -a triune (containing three in one)
triple m. triple, three times the
triste sad, wretched
tristeza f. sadness, sorrow
triunfante triumphant
triunfo m. triumph
tronado, -a ruined
tronco m. trunk
trozo m. bit, section, piece
trujo =
trajo
turbar confuse, disturb;
—se become confused
tutear address with
tú, speak familiarly to
tuteo m. thouing (addressing in the second person singular)
U
ultimatum (Latin) ultimatum
último, -a last, final, latest; latter
ultraje m. insult
únicamente only
único, -a only, single
unión f. union
unir unite, join;
—se a join
universo m. universe
urbanidad f. urbanity, courtesy
urbanización f. city planning, carrying out municipal works (paving, lighting, etc.)
urgencia f. urgency
usar use;
prenda usada second-hand article
uso m. use
usura f. usury
utensilio m. utensil
V
vaciar empty
vacilación f. hesitation
vacilante hesitating
vacilar hesitate
vacío, -a vacant, empty; n.m. void
vagabundo, -a wandering
vago, -a vague
vagón m. railway car, car
vajilla f. table service
valentía f. courage
valer be worth, be of use; avail, bring; defend, protect;
—— más be better;
—se de make use of, have recourse to
valeroso, -a brave, gallant
valiente brave, courageous; fine
valioso, -a valuable
valor m. worth, value; courage
valle m. valley, vale
vanidad f. vanity
vanidoso, -a vain, conceited
vano, -a vain, empty
variado, -a varied
variar (de) change
vaso m. glass
¡vaya! (from
ir) I declare! fine!
¡—— con el milagro! a great miracle that is!
vecindad f. locality, neighborhood, proximity
vecino, -a neighboring; n. neighbor; inhabitant
veinte twenty
veinticuatro twenty-four
vejamen m. annoyance, persecution
vela f. candle
velar (por) keep watch, keep guard (over)
velo m. veil
velocidad f. speed;
en pequeña —— by freight
vencer conquer, overcome; fall due
vencida f. vanquishment;
a la cuarta [vez] va la —— the fourth time never fails
vencimiento m. falling due
vendedor, -ra m. and f. vender
vender sell
veneciano, -a Venetian
venganza f. revenge
vengar revenge
venia f. permission
venir come;
bien venido welcome
venta f. sale
ventaja f. advantage
ventajoso, -a advantageous
ventana f. window
ventanal m. large window
ventolera f. whim
ver see;
a —— let's see;
vamos a —— look here;
no puedo —le I can't bear the sight of him;
por lo visto apparently
verano m. summer
veras:
de —— really
verdad f. truth; genuine;
de —— really;
es —— it is true;
la —— in truth;
¿—— que sí? was it really?
¿no es ——? isn't that so?
verdadero, -a real
verde green
vergonzoso, -a timid, bashful
vergüenza f. shame; shameful thing; sense of shame
vértigo m. dizziness; insanity
vestido m. dress, garment; pl. clothes
vestigio m. vestige, trace
vestimenta f. clothes, dress
vestir dress, clothe, wear
vez f. time, turn;
a la —— at the same time, together;
otra —— again;
a veces,
a las veces sometimes;
tal —— perhaps;
de una —— once for all;
una —— once;
cada —— más more and more;
en —— de instead of;
de —— en cuando from time to time
via crucis (Latin) way of the cross
viaje m. journey
viajero m. traveler
vibración f. vibration
Vicenta f. of Vincent
vicio m. vice, bad habit
víctima f. victim
vida f. life;
en mi —— never in my life
vidrio m. windowpane, glass
viejo, -a old
viento m. wind;
con la cabeza llena de —— full of airs
vigilar keep watch
vigoroso, -a vigorous
vil vile, base
vilipendiar revile
villa f. town, city
villano, -a villainous; n.m. rustic, villain
vino m. wine
violación f. violation, breaking open
violento, -a violent, hard
virgen f. virgin
virtud f. virtue, good quality
visita f. visit; visitor
visitar visit
vista f. sight, eyes; appearance; view, vista;
a la —— plain, evident, in plain sight;
se me va la —— I go blind
vistazo m. glance
viuda f. widow
vivamente quickly, excitedly
viveza f. quickness
vivienda f. lodgings, rooms
vivir live;
—— de live on or by;
viva hurrah for, vive;
¿quién vive? who goes there?
vivo, -a alive, living; intense, bright; quick, lively;
a —a fuerza by main force
vocación f. vocation
volar fly
voltereta f. somersault, turn
voluminoso, -a voluminous
voluntad f. will; good will
volver turn, return;
—— a hacer do again;
—— en sí recover consciousness;
—se become; return
voz f. voice; shout; word, report;
en —— alta aloud
vuecencia f. (=
vuestra excelencia) your honor, your worship
vuelta f. turn, return; change; trip
vulgar vulgar, common, ordinary
vulgaridad f. vulgarity
Y
y and
ya already, now, then, this time, soon; certainly, to be sure;
—— que since;
—— no not again, not now;
—— no más never again;
——, —— yes, yes
yankee m. Yankee (applied by Spaniards indiscriminately to all natives of the U. S. A.)
yo I
York York; Yorkshire (a county of England, famous for its hams)
Z
zócalo m. paneling (on a wall, next to the floor), baseboard
zona f. zone;
coronel de la ——, i.e.,
zona para reclutamiento y reemplazo del ejército an administrative district organized for the drafting of recruits, etc.
zumbón, -ona joking, mocking
zurcido m. darning
zurcir darn