Latin for Beginners

by Benjamin L. D'Ooge

IRREGULAR VERBS

[494.] sum, am, be

Principal Partssum, esse, fuī, futūrus
Pres. Stem es- Perf. Stem fu- Part. Stem fut-
Indicative
Present
SINGULAR		PLURAL
sum, I am		sumus, we are
es, thou art		estis, you are
est, he (she, it) is		sunt, they are
Imperfect
eram, I was		erāmus, we were
erās, thou wast		erātis, you were
erat, he was		erant, they were
Future
erō, I shall be		erimus, we shall be
eris, thou wilt be		eritis, you will be
erit, he will be		erunt, they will be
Perfect
fuī, I have been, was		fuimus, we have been, were
fuistī, thou hast been, wast		fuistis, you have been, were
fuit, he has been, was		fuērunt, fuēre, they have been,were
Pluperfect
fueram, I had been		fuerāmus, we had been
fuerās, thou hadst been		fuerātis, you had been
fuerat, he had been		fuerant, they had been
Future Perfect
fuerō, I shall have been		fuerimus, we shall have been
fueris, thou wilt have been		fueritis, you will have been
fuerit, he will have been		fuerint, they will have been
Subjunctive
Present		Imperfect
SINGULAR	PLURAL	SINGULAR	PLURAL
sim	sīmus	essem	essēmus
sīs	sītis	essēs	essētis
sit	sint	esset	essent
Perfect		Pluperfect
fuerim	fuerimus	fuissem	fuissēmus
fueris	fueritis	fuissēs	fuissētis
fuerit	fuerint	fuisset	fuissent
Imperative
PRESENT		FUTURE
2d Pers. Sing. es, be thou		2d Pers. Sing. estō, thou shalt be
2d Pers. Plur. este, be ye		3d Pers. Sing. estō, he shall be
2d Pers. Plur. estōte, ye shall be 3d Pers. Plur. suntō, they shall be
Infinitive		Participle
Pres. esse, to be
Perf. fuisse, to have been
Fut. futūrus, -a, -um esse or fore, to be about to be		futūrus, -a, -um, about to be

[495.] possum, be able, can

	Principal Partspossum, posse, potuī, ——
	Indicative		Subjunctive
	SINGULAR	PLURAL	SINGULAR	PLURAL
Pres.	possum	pos´sumus	possim	possī´mus
	potes	potes´tis	possīs	possī´tis
	potest	possunt	possit	possint
Impf.	poteram	poterāmus	possem	possē´mus
Fut.	poterō	poterimus	——	——
Perf.	potuī	potuimus	potuerim	potuerimus
Plup.	potueram	potuerāmus	potuissem	potuissēmus
F. P.	potuerō	potuerimus	——	——
	Infinitive
	Pres. posse		Perf. potuisse
	Participle
	Pres. potens, gen. -entis, (adjective)powerful

[496.] prōsum, benefit

	Principal Partsprōsum, prōdesse, prōfuī, prōfutūrus
	Pres. Stem prōdes- Perf. Stem prōfu- Part. Stem prōfut-
	Indicative		Subjunctive
	SINGULAR	PLURAL	SINGULAR	PLURAL
Pres.	prōsum	prō´sumus	prōsim	prōsī´mus
	prōdes	prōdes´tis	prōsīs	prōsī´tis
	prōdest	prōsunt	prōsit	prōsint
Impf.	prōderam	prōderāmus	prōdessem	prodessē´mus
Fut.	prōderō	prōderimus	——	——
Perf.	prōfuī	prōfuimus	prōfuerim	prōfuerimus
Plup.	prōfueram	prōfuerāmus	prōfuissem	prōfuissēmus
F. P.	prōfuerō	prōfuerimus	——	——
	Imperative
	Pres. 2d Pers. prōdes, prōdeste		Fut. 2d Pers. prōdestō, prōdestōte
	Infinitive
Pres. prōdesse		Perf. prōfuisse	Fut. prōfutūrus, -a, -um esse
	Future Participle prōfutūrus, -a, -um

[497.]

Principal Parts

volō, velle, voluī, ——, be willing, will, wish nōlō, nōlle, nōluī, ——, be unwilling, will not mālō, mālle, māluī, ——, be more willing, prefer

Nōlō and mālō are compounds of volō. Nōlō is for ne (not) + volō, and mālō for mā (from magis, more) + volō. The second person vīs is from a different root.