[174.] The forms of the Present Infinitive, active and passive, are as follows:
| Conj. | Pres. Stem | Pres. Infinitive Active | Pres. Infinitive Passive |
|---|---|---|---|
| I. | amā- | amā´re, to love | amā´rī, to be loved |
| II. | monē- | monē´re, to advise | monē´rī, to be advised |
| III. | rege- | re´gere, to rule | re´gī, to be ruled |
| cape- | ca´pere, to take | ca´pī, to be taken | |
| IV. | audī- | audī´re, to hear | audīrī, to be heard |
1. Observe that to form the present active infinitive we add -re to the present stem.
a. The present infinitive of sum is esse. There is no passive.
2. Observe that the present passive infinitive is formed from the active by changing final -e to -ī, except in the third conjugation, which changes final -ere to -ī.
3. Give the active and passive present infinitives of doceō, sedeō, volō, cūrō, mittō, dūcō, mūniō, reperiō, iaciō, rapiō.
[175.] The forms of the Present Imperative, active and passive, are as follows:
| Active1 | Passive | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CONJ. | SING. | PLUR. | SING. | PLUR. |
| I. | a´mā | amā´te | amā´re, be thou loved | amā´minī, be ye loved |
| II. | mo´nē | monē´te | monē´re, be thou advised | monē´minī, be ye advised |
| III. | re´ge | re´gite | re´gere, be thou ruled | regi´minī, be ye ruled |
| ca´pe | ca´pite | ca´pere, be thou taken | capi´minī, be ye taken | |
| IV. | au´dī | audī´te | audī´re, be thou heard | audī´minī, be ye heard |
1. Observe that the second person singular of the present passive imperative is like the present active infinitive, and that both singular and plural are like the second person singular2 and plural, respectively, of the present passive indicative.
2. Give the present imperative, both active and passive, of the verbs in [§ 174. 3].