Transactions of the American Society of Civil Engineers, Vol. LXVIII, Sept. 1910 / The New York Tunnel Extension of the Pennsylvania Railroad. / The North River Tunnels. Paper No. 1155

by Bertram Henry Majendie Hewett; W. L. Brown

TABLE 24.— Shield-Driven Tunnel Work, Manhattan Shaft, River Tunnel North. Table showing the size of the gang, the amount of excavation, and the time per ring taken for the various operations involved in building tunnel through the several kinds of ground encountered; also the extent and nature of all the unavoidable delays.

Weight of iron	Section between rings	Description				Ave. No. of Men					Av. No. of cu. yd. per ring	Time Mucking per cu. yd.	Av. Time per ring, shoving and Mucking	Time for Jacks	Time for Ring Erection, Hrs. and Min.					Bolting Time, Whole Time on Bolts After Ring is Complete.					Time lost repairing hydraulic piping	Total Time.
		Length in feet	Material	Ave air Pressure	Method of Excavation	Shield	Drilling	Grouting	Air trans	Total					Ordinary	Bore 1	Bore 2	Taper	Mean	Ordinary	Bore 1	Bore 2	Taper	Mean		Ordinary	Bore 1	Bore 2	Taper	Mean
						A	B	C	D		E			F	G	G	G	G	G	H	H	H	H	H
Ordinary	1-54	135.0	Rock	0	[P]					14				Time for jacks for light iron is included in shoving and mucking	4-00			4-21	4-04	Excavation partially completed previously.
	55-80	65.0	"	19	[P]	24	7	⅓	1	32	41	0-31	21-00		6-04			5-30	5-57	}	Bolting time for light iron is included in erection.			{		27-4			26-30	26-57
	81-107	65.0	Soft rock	18	[P]	22	5		2	29	41	0-33	22-30		4-26				4-26	}				{		26-56				26-56
	108-153	117.5	Rock	14	[P]	17	11		2	30	41	0-39	26-31		3-10			3-30	3-12	}				{		29-41			30-1	29-43
	154-194	102.5	Rock and earth	14	[P]	23	6		2	31	41	0-27	18-34		2-08	J.	J.	2-40	2-10	}				{		20-42			21-14	20-44
	195-215	52.5	Silt	19	[P]Breasting	28			2	30	41	0-10	6-46		3-03	3-30	3-30		3-09	}				{		9-49	10-16	10-16		9-55
	216-393	445.0	"	20	[Q]8 doors	27			4	31	46	0-05	3-53		2-40	2-56	3-00	3-10	2-50	}				{	0-09	6-42	6-58	7-02	7-12	6-52
	394-429	90.0	Silt, piles, rip-rap	24	[P]Breasting	28			4	32	46	0-18	17-09		3-43	3-39	4-46	4-11	3-56	}				{		23-79	23-25	24-32	23-57	23-42
	430-509	200.0	Silt	23	[Q]1 door	24			3	27	11	0-10	1-42		3-14	4-12	3-59	3-46	3-34	}				{	0-18	5-14	6-12	5-59	5-46	5-34
	510-692	457.5	"	23	[Q]3 doors	26			4	30	30	0-05	1-47		2-08	2-21	2-32	2-50	2-18	}				{	0-11	4-06	4-19	4-30	4-48	4-16
	55-692	1,593.0		20		25	2		3	30	30	0-15	7-35	[N]	3-02			4-31	3-12	}				{	0-17	10-54			12-23	11-04
	216-692	1,192.5		22		26			4	30	30	0-07	3-42	[N]	2-38	2-59	3-08	1-30	2-50	}				{	0-25	6-45	7-06	7-15	5-37	6-57
Heavy	693-954	655.0	Silt	24	[Q]1 door	28			6	34	11	0-12	1-02	[N]	1-52	2-05	2-15	2-29	2-0	}				{	0-13	3-7	3-20	3-30	3-44	3-15
	955-1,014	150.0	"	24	[Q]1 "	28			8	36	12	0-04	0-48	0-16	0-51	1-18	1-08	0-50	0-58	0-24	0-21	0-37	0-10	0-25	0	2-19	2-43	2-49	2-04	2-27
	1,015-1,074	150.0	"	24	[Q]1 "	25			8	33	12	0-03	0-41	0-13	0-43	0-46	0-55	0-40	0-45	0-31	0-30	0-52	0-23	0-34	0-02	2-10	2-12	2-43	1-59	2-15
	1,075-1,134	150.0	"	24	[Q]1 "	27			9	36	8	0-04	0-34	0-12	1-04	1-01	1-15	1-20	1-08	0-28	0-35	1-40	0-52	0-44	0-03	2-21	2-25	3-44	3-01	2-41
	1,135-1,194	150.0	"	25	[Q]1 "	26			8	34	8	0-04	0-33	0-13	0-53	0-51	0-58	0-46	0-53	0-32	0-20	0-24	0-18	0-26	0	2-11	1-57	2-08	1-50	2-05
	1,195-1,224	75.0	"	25	[Q]1 "	24			9	33	6	0-04	0-24	0-12	0-58	0-42	0-53	0-50	0-54	0-19	0-20	0-34	0-35	0-23	0	1-53	1-38	2-03	2-01	1-53
	1,225-1,262	95.0	"	25	[Q]1 "	23			9	32	5	0-05	0-23	0-10	0-48	0-49	0-50	0-35	0-47	0-29	0-29	0-36	0-18	0-30	0	1-50	1-51	1-59	1-26	1-50
	1,263-1,277	37.5	"	25	[Q]1 "	24			10	34	10	0-04	0-36	0-11	0-47	0-50	0-52	0-48	0-52	0-23	0-23	0-41	0-23	0-27	0	1-57	2-0	2-20	1-58	2-06
	1,278-1,307	75.0	"	25	[Q]1 "	21			10	31	17	0-04	1-09	0-10	1-03	1-01	1-06	0-00	1-04	0-33	0-34	0-51	0-0	0-36	0	2-55	2-54	3-16	0-0	2-59
	1,308-1,326	47.5	"	28	[Q]1 "	27			11	38	22	0-05	1-39	0-18	1-25	1-48	1-50	0-50	1-31	0-49	0-42	0-58	0-25	0-48	0	4-11	4-27	4-45	3-12	4-16
	955-1,326	930.0		24		26			9	35	11	0-04	0-41	0-13	0-55	0-59	1-03	0-55	0-58	0-29	0-27	0-49	0-31	0-32	0	2-18	2-20	2-46	2-20	2-24
	693-1,326	1,585.0		24		27			8	35	12	0-04	0-51	[N]	1-27	1-34	1-41	1-38	1-31	[O]					0-06	2-24	2-31	2-38	2-35	2-28
All	216-1,326	2,777.5		23		27			7	34	19	0-06	1-59	[N]	1-55	2-08	2-16	1-35	2-03	[O]					0-16					4-18
	55-1,326	3,180.0		22		26			6	32	21	0-10	4-13	[N]					2-22	[O]					0-12					6-47

SUMMARY

Weight of iron	Section between rings	Description				Ave. No. of Men in Gang					Average No. of cubic yard per ring	Time mucking, per cubic yard	Average Time per Ring				Unavoidable Delays (Not Included in Average Time per Ring).
		Length in feet	Material	Ave. air Pressure	Method of Excavation	Shield	Drilling	Grouting	Air Trans	Total			Shoving and mucking[N]	Erection[O]	Lost time	Total	Items	Time hrs--min
Ordinary	1-54	135.0	Rock	0	[P]					14				4-14			First bulkhead	172-00
	55-194	350.0	Earth and rock	16	[P]	22	6	⅓	2	30	41	0-32	21-44	4-04		25-48	Second bulkhead	119-00
	195-393	497.5	Silt	20	[P]Breasting	27			4	31	38	0-07	4-11	2-52	0-09	7-12	Grouting	200-00
	394-440	117.5	"	24	[P]Breasting	28			4	32	41	0-18	11-54	4-17	1-41	17-52	Blowout	73-00
	441-692	630.0	"	23	[Q]3 doors	25			4	29	17	0-06	2-04	2-34	0-42	5-20	Cradle	100-00
	216-692	1,192.5		22		26			4	30	30	0-07	3-42	2-50	0-25	6-57	Total	664-00
	55-692	1,595.0		20		25	2		3	30	30	0-15	7-35	3-12	0-17	11-04	Per ring	0-39
Heavy	693-1,326	1,585.0	Silt	24	[Q]1 door	27			8	35	12	0-04	0-51	1-31	0-06	2-28
All	55-1,326	3,180.0		22		26			6	32	21	0-10	4-13	2-22	0-12	6-47

[N] Including time for jacks.

[O] Including bolting time.