ROBERT ARROWSMITH.
CHARLES KNAPP.

August, 1895.

[CONTENTS]

PAGE
Suggestions to the Student[ix]
Plan of Rome[xxviii]
[I.]Rōmānī ImperiīExōrdium[1]
[II.]Rōmulus[4]
[III.]Numa Pompilius[8]
[IV.]Tullus Hostīlius[10]
[V.]Ancus Mārcius[15]
[VI.]Lūcius TarquiniusPrīscus[17]
[VII.]Servius Tullius[19]
[VIII.]TarquiniusSuperbus[22]
[IX.]Iūnius Brūtus[25]
[X.]Mūcius Scaevola[26]
[XI.]Fabiī Trecentī Sex[27]
[XII.]Lūcius Virgīnius[29]
[XIII.]Titus MānliusTorquātus[30]
[XIV.]Pūblius Decius[35]
[XV.]Mānius Curius[36]
[XVI.]Gāius Duīlius[38]
[XVII.]Mārcus AtīliusRēgulus[39]
[XVIII.]Appius ClaudiusPulcher[42]
[XIX.]Quīntus FabiusMāximus[43]
[XX.]Aemilius Paulus et TerentiusVarrō[48]
[XXI.]Pūblius Cornēlius ScīpioĀfricānus[52]
[XXII.]Tiberius Gracchus et GāiusGracchus[63]
[XXIII.]Gāius Marius[68]
[XXIV.]Lūcius CornēliusSulla[74]
[XXV.]Lūcius Lūcullus[77]
[XXVI.]Gnaeus PompēiusMāgnus[80]
[XXVII.]Gāius IūliusCaesar[86]
[XXVIII.]Mārcus TulliusCicerō[96]
[XXIX.]Mārcus Brūtus[102]
[XXX.]Octāviānus CaesarAugustus[103]
Exercises for Translation[112]
Vocabulary[131]

[ SUGGESTIONS TO THE STUDENT]

To read Latin quickly and intelligently, and to enjoy the reading properly, we must possess (1) a vocabulary, i.e. a collection of Latin words with whose meanings, whether used singly or in combination, we are thoroughly familiar; (2) a knowledge of the inflectional system of the language, i.e. its declensions and conjugations; (3) a knowledge of its syntax; and (4) a knowledge of the plan upon which the Latin sentence is constructed, or, in other words, we must be able to overcome the difficulties arising out of the peculiar order of the words and clauses that form a Latin sentence.

Vocabulary.—Words are the material out of which sentences are constructed. Hence it is of prime importance to know their meanings. The best way, in fact the only way, to acquire a vocabulary, is by constant reading, and by noting carefully the force of individual words as they occur. It soon becomes evident that certain words are very frequently used, especially verbs which denote actions that have to do with everyday life, such as dīcō, eō, faciō, habeō, veniō, sum, and their compounds. These at least must be mastered at the very outset. It is worth while to notice what prefixes are used in forming compound verbs, and the modifications of meaning which they produce. If the force of the simple verb is mastered, a little practice will enable the student to detect at sight the meaning of any of its compounds without reference to any dictionary.

It is useful also to group together in memory words derived from the same stem, e.g. canō, cantus; certō, certāmen; dūcō, dux; regō, rēx, rēgius; caedō, caedēs. A specially interesting study consists in noting the English words which go back to Latin originals. From various causes a large part of our English vocabulary is borrowed from Latin. Cf. donate with dōnō and dōnum, lucid with lūx, regent with rēx and regō.