| MASCULINE | FEMININE | ||
| sĕrmo ✱sermōnis | ＞ sermọs | ratio ✱ratiōnis | ＞ razǫs |
| sermōnem | ＞ sermọ | ratiōnem | ＞ razọ |
| sermōnes | ＞ sermọ | ratiōnes | ＞ razọs |
| sermōnes | ＞ sermọs | ratiōnes | ＞ razọs |
| NAMES OF PERSONS IN -ANS, -ENS | |||
| amans ✱amantis | ＞ amáns | parens ✱parĕntis | ＞ paréns |
| amantem | ＞ amán | parĕntem | ＞ parén |
| amantes | ＞ amán (f. amáns) | parĕntes | ＞ parén (f. paréns) |
| amantes | ＞ amáns | parĕntes | ＞ paréns |
| NAMES OF PERSONS NOT IN -ANS, -ENS | |||||
| amātor | ＞ amaire | sĕnior | ＞ sęnher | mŭlier | ＞ mọler |
| amatōrem | ＞ amadọr | seniōrem | ＞ senhọr | muliĕ́rem[86] | ＞ molhęr |
| amatōres | ＞ amadọr | seniōres | ＞ senhọr | muliĕ́res | ＞ molhęrs |
| amatōres | ＞ amadọrs | seniōres | ＞ senhọrs | muliĕ́res | ＞ molhęrs |
| servītor | ＞ servire | baro | ＞ bar | sŏror | ＞ sǫrre sǫr[87] |
| servitōrem | ＞ servidọr | barōnem | ＞ barọ | sorōrem | ＞ sorọr |
| servitōres | ＞ servidọr | barōnes | ＞ barọ | sorōres | ＞ sorọrs |
| servitōres | ＞ servidọrs | barōnes | ＞ barọs | sorōres | ＞ sorọrs |
1. After the same pattern as senher, we have pastor pastōrem ＞ pastre pastór, etc.; after the bar pattern, ✱companio (Einf., § 43) ✱companiōnem ＞ companh companhó, ✱fĭllo (Körting) ✱fillōnem? ＞ fel feló, glŭtto (= glūto) gluttōnem ＞ glot glotó, latro latrōnem ＞ laire lairó, lĕo (treated like the name of a person) leōnem ＞ leu leó, etc. On the model of amaire, servire, we find trobaire trobadór, etc., iauzire iauzidór, etc.; and, for the second and third conjugations, teneire tenedór, etc., beveire bevedór, etc. The inflection of such words became much confused, and some of them eventually developed double declensions: bars bar bar bars, barós baró baró barós; emperaires emperaire emperaire emperaires, emperadórs emperadór emperadór emperadórs. Some proper names follow the bar model: Bret Bretó, Folc-s (Folques) Folcó (later Folcós Folcó), Gasc Gascó, Uc Ugó, (later Ucs Uc); cf. § [96], 2.
ADJECTIVES.
102. What has been said concerning the inflection of nouns applies also to adjectives: see §§ [91-101]. For pronominal adjectives see §§ [114 ff.]
1. The operation of phonetic laws sometimes results in a difference in stem between the m. and the f.: bos bona, larcs larga, nutz nuda, preon preonda; mut muda, prezat prezada. For pauc pauca, rauc rauca, see § [65], C, 1. For -arius -aria, -tōrius -tōria, see § [23], 1; § [73], Ry, 1.
2. Adjectives in -s or -š are undeclinable in the m. sg.: glorios, perfieg. Those in -s originally had no inflectional ending in the m. pl., but later they sometimes added -es: divers diverses, frances franceses. For the pl. of those in š, see § [93], (3).
103. We must recognize two classes of adjectives: (1) those which in Latin distinguish the feminine from the masculine; (2) those which do not.