Personal Pronouns.[95]
120. In Vulgar Latin ĕgo lost its g (§ [55], G). The dative, mĭhi, was preserved only in its contracted form, mī. After the pattern of mī, ✱tī and ✱sī were created for the other persons.
121. Provençal has no nominative forms that are regularly unaccented. In the conjunctive forms of the third person (not reflexive), the direct object is distinguished from the indirect; elsewhere there is no such distinction.
Conjunctive Forms.
122. Latin mē ＞ mẹ, mī ＞ mi, nōs ＞ nọs; tē ＞ tẹ, ✱tī ＞ ti, vōs ＞ vọs; sē ＞ sẹ, ✱sī ＞ si. Me mi, te ti, se si, used as proclitics before a vowel, or as enclitics after a vowel, were reduced to m, t, s: m’ama, t’apela, s’es; o͡m, be͡t, cosi͡s. Nọs and vọs, used as enclitics after a vowel, became respectively ns and us; que͡ns, no͡us; sī vōs ＞ sius, later sieus (§ [32]). The forms (all objective) for the first and second persons and for the third person reflexive are, then:—
| FIRST PERSON | SECOND PERSON | THIRD PERSON (REFLEXIVE) | |
| Sg.: | mẹ mi m | tẹ ti t | sẹ si s |
| Pl.: | nọs ns | vọs us | sẹ si s |
The pronouns of the first and second persons could, of course, be used reflexively.
123. The conjunctive forms of the third person (not reflexive) come in the main from the proclitic ĭlle: ĭllī, ĭllum, illōrum (✱illūrum), ĭllos, ĭlla, ĭllas became respectively li or lhi, lo, lọr (lür), lọs, la, las. When used proclitically or enclitically, under the conditions described in § [118], (1), li (lhi), lo, los were reduced to l (lh), l, ls; and l was sometimes vocalized. O ＜ hŏc was employed also, meaning ‘it.’ The adverb ĭnde became ẹnt ẹn n (and, through the analogy of me m, te t, se s, also ne), which was often used as a pronoun with the sense ‘of it’, ‘of them’, sometimes ‘of him’, ‘of her’; nọs ẹn ＞ nọn, vọs ẹn ＞ vọn. The adverb hīc became i, meaning ‘here’ or ‘there,’ which served also as a dative pronoun, ‘to it,’ ‘to them’; it was then always an enclitic, forming a diphthong with a preceding vowel; it regularly took the place of li in the constructions lọi = lo li, lai = la li. The forms are:—
| MASCULINE | FEMININE | NEUTER | |||||||||||||
| Sg. | { gen.: | ẹnt | ẹn | n | nẹ | ẹnt | ẹn | n | nẹ | ẹnt | ẹn | n | nẹ | ||
| { dat.: | li | lhi | l | lh | i | li | lhi | l | lh | i | i | ||||
| { acc.: | lọ | l | u | la | lọ | l | ǫ | ||||||||
| Pl. | { gen.: | ẹnt | ẹn | n | nẹ | ẹnt | ẹn | n | nẹ | ||||||
| { dat.: | lọr | lür | lọr | lür | |||||||||||
| { acc.: | lọs | ls | las | ||||||||||||