CHAPTER XI.
ANIMAL ACTIVITIES: HABIT AND INSTINCT.
| The nature of animal activities | [415] |
| The outer and inner aspect | [417] |
| The inherited organization | [419] |
| Habitual activities | [420] |
| Instinctive activities | [422] |
| Innate capacity | [426] |
| Blind prevision | [429] |
| Consciousness and instinct | [432] |
| Mr. Romanes's treatment of instinct | [434] |
| Lapsed intelligence and modern views on heredity | [435] |
| Three factors in the origin of instinctive activities | [447] |
| The emotional basis of instinct | [449] |
| The influence of intelligence on instinct | [452] |
| The characteristics of intelligent activities | [456] |
| The place of volition | [459] |
| Perceptual and conceptual volition | [460] |
| Consciousness and consentience | [461] |
| Classification of activities | [462] |
CHAPTER XII.
MENTAL EVOLUTION.
| | FIG. | PAGE |
| | | |
| | Kentish Plover with Eggs and Young | [Frontispiece] |
| 1. | Spiracles and Air-tubes of Cockroach | [3] |
| 2. | Gills of Mussel | [4] |
| 3. | A Cell greatly magnified | [11] |
| 4. | Amœba | [12] |
| 5. | Egg-cell and Sperm-cell | [13] |
| 6. | Diagram of Circulation | [23] |
| 7. | Protozoa | [38] |
| 8. | Hydra Virides | [43] |
| 9. | Aurelia: Life-cycle | [45] |
| 10. | Liver-Fluke—Embryonic Stages | [47] |
| 11. | Diagram of Development | [51] |
| 12. | Wing of Bat (Pipistrelle) | [64] |
| 13. | Variations of the Noctule | [67] |
| 14. | Variations of the Long-eared Bat | [68] |
| 15. | Variations of the Pipistrelle | [69] |
| 16. | Variations of the Whiskered Bat | [70] |
| 17. | Variations adjusted to the Standard of the Noctule | [73] |
| 18. | Caterpillar of a Moth on an Oak Spray | [85] |
| 19. | Locust resembling a Leaf | [86] |
| 20. | Mimicry of Bees by Flies | [91] |
| 21. | Egg and Hen | [141] |
| 22. | Stag-Beetles | [180] |
| 23. | Tactile Corpuscules | [247] |
| 24. | Touch-hair of Insect | [248] |
| 25. | Taste-buds of Rabbit | [250] |
| 26. | Antennule of Crayfish | [259] |
| 27. | Diagram of Ear | [263] |
| 28. | Tail of Mysis | [266] |
| 29. | Leg of Grasshopper | [266] |
| 30. | Diagram of Semicircular Canals | [270] |
| 31. | The Human Eye | [274] |
| 32. | Retina of the Eye | [274] |
| 33. | Variation in the Limits of Colour-vision | [281] |
| 34. | Pineal Eye | [288] |
| 35. | Skull of Melanerpeton | [288] |
| 36. | Eyes and Eyelets of Bee | [289] |
| 37. | Eye of Fly | [290] |
| 38. | Diagram of Mosaic Vision | [291] |
| 39. | Direction-retina | [295] |
| 40. | Antennary Structures of Hymenoptera | [297] |
ANIMAL LIFE AND INTELLIGENCE.