8. Seek to trace the results—both immediate and remote, and both subjective and objective—of the actions thus made.
9. Seek for principles of unity and diversity in interpreting the events.
10. Make use of time-wholes, space-wholes, and organic-wholes, but avoid making artificial divisions.
11. Guide the pupils, but do not dictate their reactions.
12. Make the study stimulate the intellect, the emotions, the will.
13. Force the pupils to think for themselves—to analyze, compare, reason, judge, and apply.
14. Show that all history,—battles, institutions, constitutions, etc.,—are the result of conflicts of ideas, emotions, ideals, and wills.
15. Correlate constantly.
16. Show that institutions of to-day strike their roots deep in the past, and are but the complex development of simpler forms.
17. Put life into the dead facts; be interested and enthusiastic.